AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Characterizing the dynamic interaction among gastric emptying, glucose absorption, and glycemic control in nondiabetic obese adults
The effects of altered gastric emptying on glucose absorption and kinetics are not well understood in nondiabetic obese adults. The aim of this work was to develop a physiology-based model that can characterize and compare interactions among gastric emptying, glucose absorption, and glycemic control in nondiabetic obese and lean healthy adults. Dynamic glucose, insulin, and gastric emptying (measured with breath test) data from 12 nondiabetic obese and 12 lean healthy adults were available until 180 min after an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with 10, 25, and 75 g of glucose. A physiology-based model was developed to c...
Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - February 28, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Wilbaux, M., Wölnerhanssen, B. K., Meyer-Gerspach, A. C., Beglinger, C., Pfister, M. Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Championing Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology: The New Investigator Review Award
(Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology)
Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - February 28, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Samson, W. K. Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Reply to "Reduced NHE3 activity results in congenital diarrhea and can predispose to inflammatory bowel disease"
(Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology)
Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - February 28, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Rieg, T., Dominguez Rieg, J. A. Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Reduced NHE3 activity results in congenital diarrhea and can predispose to inflammatory bowel disease
(Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology)
Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - February 28, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Janecke, A. R., Heinz-Erian, P., Müller, T. Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Enhanced oxidative capacity of ground squirrel brain mitochondria during hibernation
During hibernation, thirteen-lined ground squirrels (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus) regularly cycle between bouts of torpor and interbout arousal (IBA). Most of the brain is electrically quiescent during torpor but regains activity quickly upon arousal to IBA, resulting in extreme oscillations in energy demand during hibernation. We predicted increased functional capacity of brain mitochondria during hibernation compared with spring to accommodate the variable energy demands of hibernation. To address this hypothesis, we examined mitochondrial bioenergetics in the ground squirrel brain across three time points: spring (SP), t...
Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - February 28, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Ballinger, M. A., Schwartz, C., Andrews, M. T. Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Sex difference in the contribution of GABAB receptors to tibial neuromodulation of bladder overactivity in cats
This study investigated the role of -aminobutyric acid subtype B (GABAB) receptors in tibial and pudendal neuromodulation of bladder overactivity induced by intravesical administration of dilute (0.5%) acetic acid (AA) in α-chloralose-anesthetized cats. To inhibit bladder overactivity, tibial or pudendal nerve stimulation (TNS or PNS) was applied at 5 Hz and two or four times threshold (T) intensity for inducing toe or anal sphincter twitch. TNS at 2T or 4T intensity significantly (P < 0.05) increased the bladder capacity to 173.8 ± 16.2 or 198.5 ± 24.1%, respectively, of control capacity. Meanwhile,...
Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - February 28, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Fuller, T. W., Jiang, X., Bansal, U., Lamm, V., Shen, B., Wang, J., Roppolo, J. R., de Groat, W. C., Tai, C. Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Lower-limb hot-water immersion acutely induces beneficial hemodynamic and cardiovascular responses in peripheral arterial disease and healthy, elderly controls
Passive heat induces beneficial perfusion profiles, provides substantive cardiovascular strain, and reduces blood pressure, thereby holding potential for healthy and cardiovascular disease populations. The aim of this study was to assess acute responses to passive heat via lower-limb, hot-water immersion in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and healthy, elderly controls. Eleven patients with PAD (age 71 ± 6 yr, 7 male, 4 female) and 10 controls (age 72 ± 7 yr, 8 male, 2 female) underwent hot-water immersion (30-min waist-level immersion in 42.1 ± 0.6°C water). Before, during, and foll...
Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - February 28, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Thomas, K. N., van Rij, A. M., Lucas, S. J. E., Cotter, J. D. Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Plasma hyperosmolality improves tolerance to combined heat stress and central hypovolemia in humans
This study examined the effect of plasma hyperosmolality on tolerance to central hypovolemia in heat-stressed humans. With the use of a counterbalanced and crossover design, 12 subjects (1 female) received intravenous infusion of either 0.9% iso-osmotic (ISO) or 3.0% hyperosmotic (HYPER) saline. Subjects were subsequently heated until core temperature increased ~1.4°C, after which all subjects underwent progressive lower-body negative pressure (LBNP) to presyncope. Plasma hyperosmolality improved LBNP tolerance (ISO: 288 ± 193 vs. HYPER: 382 ± 145 mmHg x min, P = 0.04). However, no differences in mean art...
Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - February 28, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Gagnon, D., Romero, S. A., Ngo, H., Poh, P. Y. S., Crandall, C. G. Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Quantitative model of hematologic and plasma volume responses after ascent and acclimation to moderate to high altitudes
This study provides the first quantitative delineation of PV and hematological responses during the first week of exposure over a wide range of altitudes and demonstrates that absolute altitude and time at altitude, as well as initial hematologic status, sex, and age impact the response. (Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology)
Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - February 8, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Beidleman, B. A., Staab, J. E., Muza, S. R., Sawka, M. N. Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Reply to "Letter to the Editor: Determining the potential effects of oxidized fish oils in pregnant women requires a more systematic approach"
(Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology)
Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - February 8, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Albert, B. B., Derraik, J. G. B., Vickers, M. H., Garg, M. L., Cameron-Smith, D., Hofman, P. L., Cutfield, W. S. Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Determining the potential effects of oxidized fish oils in pregnant women requires a more systematic approach
(Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology)
Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - February 8, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Rice, H. B., Bannenberg, G., Harwood, M., Ismail, A. Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Subfornical organ neurons integrate cardiovascular and metabolic signals
In this study, we use patch-clamp techniques to investigate how the traditionally classified "cardiovascular" hormone ANG II, "metabolic" hormone CCK and "metabolic" signal glucose interact and are integrated in the SFO. Sequential bath application of CCK (10 nM) and ANG (10 nM) onto dissociated SFO neurons revealed that 63% of responsive SFO neurons depolarized to both CCK and ANG; 25% depolarized to ANG only; and 12% hyperpolarized to CCK only. We next investigated the effects of glucose by incubating and recording neurons in either hypoglycemic, normoglycemic, or hyperglycemic conditions and comparing the proportions of...
Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - February 8, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Cancelliere, N. M., Ferguson, A. V. Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 within the median preoptic nucleus following chronic intermittent hypoxia
Sustained hypertension is an important consequence of obstructive sleep apnea. An animal model of the hypoxemia associated with sleep apnea, chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), produces increased sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) and sustained increases in blood pressure. Many mechanisms have been implicated in the hypertension associated with CIH, including the role of FosB within the median preoptic nucleus (MnPO). Also, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been associated with CIH hypertension. We conducted experiments to determine the possible association of FosB/FosB with a RAS component, angiotensin-converting enzym...
Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - February 8, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Faulk, K., Shell, B., Nedungadi, T. P., Cunningham, J. T. Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Molecular mechanisms underlying active desalination and low water permeability in the esophagus of eels acclimated to seawater
Marine teleosts can absorb imbibed seawater (SW) to maintain water balance, with esophageal desalination playing an essential role. NaCl absorption from luminal SW was enhanced 10-fold in the esophagus of SW-acclimated eels, and removal of Na+ or Cl– from luminal SW abolished the facilitated absorption, indicating coupled transport. Mucosal/serosal application of various blockers for Na+/Cl– transporters profoundly decreased the absorption. Among the transporter genes expressed in eel esophagus detected by RNA-seq, dimethyl amiloride-sensitive Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE3) and 4,4'-diisothiocyano-2,2'-disulfonic acid...
Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - February 8, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Takei, Y., Wong, M. K.- S., Pipil, S., Ozaki, H., Suzuki, Y., Iwasaki, W., Kusakabe, M. Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Molecular physiological exploration beyond the transcriptome. Focus on "Molecular mechanisms underlying active desalination and low water permeability in the esophagus of eels acclimated to seawater"
(Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology)
Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - February 8, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Hwang, P.-P. Tags: Editorial Focus Source Type: research