Favorable haplotypes and associated genes for flowering time and photoperiod sensitivity identified by comparative selective signature analysis and GWAS in temperate and tropical maize
Publication date: Available online 11 December 2019Source: The Crop JournalAuthor(s): Zhiwei Li, Xiaogang Liu, Xiaojie Xu, Jiacheng Liu, Zhiqin Sang, Kanchao Yu, Yuxin Yang, Wenshuang Dai, Xin Jin, Yunbi XuAbstractOn the basis of growing environment, maize can largely be classified into temperate and tropical groups, leaving extensive genetic variation and evolutionary signatures in the maize genome. To identify candidate genes governing flowering time and photoperiod sensitivity, selective signature analysis and SNP- and haplotype-based GWAS were performed using 39,350 high-quality SNP markers in temperate and tropical ma...
Source: The Crop Journal - December 11, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Geographic differentiation and phylogeographic relationships among world soybean populations
Publication date: Available online 11 December 2019Source: The Crop JournalAuthor(s): Xueqin Liu, Jianbo He, Yufeng Wang, Guangnan Xing, Yan Li, Shouping Yang, Tuanjie Zhao, Junyi GaiAbstractA fast-growing protein and oil crop, soybean was domesticated in ancient China and disseminated early in Asia and afterwards to other continents, in particular the Americas in recent centuries. After adaptation, locally developed landraces and cultivars formed a diversity of geographic-populations. In an investigation of their phylogeographic features, marker-derived traits were combined with geography-related photo- and temperature-se...
Source: The Crop Journal - December 11, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Genetic dissection of maternal influence on in vivo haploid induction in maize
This study was aimed at analyzing the influence of source germplasm on HIR using 671 tropical inbred lines organized in two association mapping panels. These two association mapping panels (AMP1 and AMP2) were crossed to two different Tropically Adapted Inducer Lines (TAILs). For HIR assessment, seeds from induction crosses were planted in the field and ploidy status of each surviving plant was assessed using a gold standard classification based on visual differences between the haploid and diploid plants. The analysis revealed significant variation for HIR and led to identification of several tropical inbred lines that re...
Source: The Crop Journal - December 10, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Boosting proso millet yield by altering canopy light distribution in proso millet/mung bean intercropping systems
Publication date: Available online 10 December 2019Source: The Crop JournalAuthor(s): Xiangwei Gong, Uzizerimana Ferdinand, Ke Dang, Jing Li, Guanghua Chen, Yan Luo, Pu Yang, Baili FengAbstractTo elucidate the mechanism by which intercropping proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) with mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) increases proso millet yield and to determine how this higher yield results from maximization of resources use efficiency, we designed and conducted four strip intercropping row arrangements, including two rows of proso millet alternating with two rows of mung bean (2P2M), four rows of proso millet alternating with ...
Source: The Crop Journal - December 10, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Base editing in plants: Current status and challenges
Publication date: Available online 10 December 2019Source: The Crop JournalAuthor(s): Sutar Suhas Bharat, Shaoya Li, Jingying Li, Lei Yan, Lanqin XiaAbstractGenome editing technologies have revolutionized the field of plant science by enabling targeted modification of plant genomes and are emerging as powerful tools for both plant gene functional analyses and crop improvement. Although homology-directed repair (HDR) is a feasible approach to achieve precise gene replacement and base substitution in some plant species, the dominance of the non-homologous end joining pathway and low efficiency of HDR in plant cells have limi...
Source: The Crop Journal - December 10, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Profiling of seed fatty acid composition in 1025 Chinese soybean accessions from diverse ecoregions
Publication date: Available online 9 December 2019Source: The Crop JournalAuthor(s): Ahmed M. Abdelghany, Shengrui Zhang, Muhammad Azam, Abdulwahab S. Shaibu, Yue Feng, Yanfei Li, Yu Tian, Huilong Hong, Bin Li, Junming SunAbstractThe stability of soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) oil is determined mainly by its fatty acid (FA) composition. We evaluated the FA composition of 1025 Chinese soybean accessions collected from diverse ecoregions and grown in multiple locations and years. We observed highly significant differences (P < 0.001) between accessions in palmitic acid (PA), stearic acid (SA), oleic acid (OA), lino...
Source: The Crop Journal - December 9, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Editorial Board
Publication date: December 2019Source: The Crop Journal, Volume 7, Issue 6Author(s): (Source: The Crop Journal)
Source: The Crop Journal - December 7, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Breeding new cultivars for sustainable wheat production
Publication date: December 2019Source: The Crop Journal, Volume 7, Issue 6Author(s): Hongjie Li, Timothy D. Murray, Robert A. McIntosh, Yang Zhou (Source: The Crop Journal)
Source: The Crop Journal - December 7, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Editorial Borad
Publication date: October 2019Source: The Crop Journal, Volume 7, Issue 5Author(s): (Source: The Crop Journal)
Source: The Crop Journal - November 2, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Vacuolar invertase genes SbVIN1 and SbVIN2 are differently associated with stem and kernel traits in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
Publication date: Available online 29 October 2019Source: The Crop JournalAuthor(s): Yunhua Chi, Kimani Wilson, Zhiquan Liu, Xiaoyuan Wu, Li Shang, Limin Zhang, Haichun Jing, Huaiqing HaoAbstractIn higher plants, vacuolar invertases play essential roles in sugar metabolism, organ development, and sink strength. In sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), two vacuolar invertase genes, SbVIN1 (Sobic. 004G004800) and SbVIN2 (Sobic. 006G160700) have been reported, but their enzymatic properties and functional differences are largely unknown. We combined molecular, biochemical and genomic approaches to investigate their roles in sorghum stem...
Source: The Crop Journal - October 29, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Rapid generation advance (RGA) in chickpea to produce up to seven generations per year and enable speed breeding
This study was aimed at developing a protocol for increasing the number of generation cycles per year in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Six accessions, two each from early (JG 11 and JG 14), medium (ICCV 10 and JG 16), and late (CDC-Frontier and C 235) maturity groups, were used. The experiment was conducted for two years under glasshouse conditions. The photoperiod was extended to induce early flowering and immature seeds were germinated to further reduce generation cycle time. Compared to control, artificial light caused a reduction in flowering time by respectively 8–19, 7–16, and 11–27 days in early-, medium-, ...
Source: The Crop Journal - October 24, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Genome-wide association study in historical and contemporary U.S. winter wheats identifies height-reducing loci
This study focused on the genetics of plant height in 260 historical and contemporary winter wheat accessions via genome-wide association studies using 38,693 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers generated through genotyping by sequencing, two Kompetitive Allele Specific Polymorphism markers, and phenotypic data recorded in two seasons (2016 and 2018). The 260 accessions showed wide variation in plant height. Most accessions developed after 1960 were shorter than earlier accessions. The broad-sense heritability for plant height was high (H2 = 0.82), which was also supported by a high correlation (r = 0.82, ...
Source: The Crop Journal - October 24, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Herbicide resistance: Development of wheat production systems and current status of resistant weeds in wheat cropping systems
Publication date: Available online 23 October 2019Source: The Crop JournalAuthor(s): Sridevi Nakka, Mithila Jugulam, Dallas Peterson, Asif MohammadAbstractHerbicide resistance in crops has extended the scope of herbicide applications to control weeds. The introduction of herbicide resistant crops resulted in a major shift in the way that herbicides are used in many crops, but not necessarily increased the prevalence of herbicide use, especially in wheat. Wheat is one of the most widely grown crops in the world and currently only two major herbicide-resistant wheat groups have been commercialized to manage weeds in a cost-e...
Source: The Crop Journal - October 23, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Diversity and sub-functionalization of TaGW8 homoeologs hold potential for genetic yield improvement in wheat
In this study, three GW8 homoeologs were cloned from homoeologous group 7 chromosomes of wheat. Subcellular localization and trans-activation activity assays suggested that TaGW8 is a transcriptional activator. TaGW8 genes were preferentially expressed in young spikes and developing grains. Ectopic expressions of TaGW8 in Arabidopsis and rice resulted in enhanced vegetative growth, earlier flowering and larger seeds. TaGW8-7A was the most highly variable of the three homoeologs with four haplotypes (Hap-1/2/3/4). TaGW8-7B had two haplotypes (Hap-L/H). TaGW8-7A-Hap-2 was associated with high thousand-grain weight (TGW) and ...
Source: The Crop Journal - October 23, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Quantifying the effects of short-term heat stress at booting stage on nonstructural carbohydrates remobilization in rice
Publication date: Available online 23 October 2019Source: The Crop JournalAuthor(s): Fengxian Zhen, Junjie Zhou, Aqib Mahmood, Wei Wang, Xini Chang, Bing Liu, Leilei Liu, Weixing Cao, Yan Zhu, Liang TangAbstractExtreme heat stress events are becoming more frequent under anticipated climate change, which can have devastating impacts on rice growth and yield. To quantify the effects of short-term heat stress at booting stage on nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) remobilization in rice, two varieties (Nanjing 41 and Wuyunjing 24) were subjected to 32/22/27 °C (maximum/minimum/mean), 36/26/31 °C, 40/30/35 °C, and 44/34...
Source: The Crop Journal - October 23, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
