Wheat Elongator subunit 4 is required for epigenetic regulation of host immune response to Rhizoctonia cerealis
This study has shed light on the involvement of TaELP4 in histone acetylation and resistance response against R. cerealis. TaELP4 may potentially be used to improve wheat resistance against sharp eyespot. (Source: The Crop Journal)
Source: The Crop Journal - February 8, 2020 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Developing high-efficiency base editors by combining optimized synergistic core components with new types of nuclear localization signal peptide
Publication date: Available online 7 February 2020Source: The Crop JournalAuthor(s): Feipeng Wang, Chengwei Zhang, Wen Xu, Shuang Yuan, Jinling Song, Lu Li, Jiuran Zhao, Jinxiao YangAbstractThe clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)–CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) system has been widely used for genome editing. In this system, the cytosine base editor (CBE) and adenine base editor (ABE) allow generating precise and irreversible base mutations in a programmable manner and have been used in many different types of cells and organisms. However, their applications are limited by low editing effici...
Source: The Crop Journal - February 8, 2020 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Editorial Board
Publication date: February 2020Source: The Crop Journal, Volume 8, Issue 1Author(s): (Source: The Crop Journal)
Source: The Crop Journal - January 31, 2020 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Vacuolar invertase genes SbVIN1 and SbVIN2 are differently associated with stem and grain traits in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
Publication date: Available online 29 October 2019Source: The Crop JournalAuthor(s): Yunhua Chi, Kimani Wilson, Zhiquan Liu, Xiaoyuan Wu, Li Shang, Limin Zhang, Haichun Jing, Huaiqing HaoAbstractIn higher plants, vacuolar invertases play essential roles in sugar metabolism, organ development, and sink strength. In sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), two vacuolar invertase genes, SbVIN1 (Sobic. 004G004800) and SbVIN2 (Sobic. 006G160700) have been reported, but their enzymatic properties and functional differences are largely unknown. We combined molecular, biochemical and genomic approaches to investigate their roles in sorghum stem...
Source: The Crop Journal - January 23, 2020 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
QTL mapping of adult plant resistance to stripe rust and leaf rust in a Fuyu 3/Zhengzhou 5389 wheat population
Publication date: Available online 7 January 2020Source: The Crop JournalAuthor(s): Takele Weldu Gebrewahid, Peipei Zhang, Yue Zhou, Xiaocui Yan, Xianchun Xia, Zhonghu He, Daqun Liu, Zaifeng LiAbstractStripe or yellow rust (YR) and leaf rust (LR) cause large losses in wheat production worldwide. Resistant cultivars curtail the levels of losses. The present study aimed to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for YR and LR resistance in 147 F2:6 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) derived from the cross Fuyu 3/Zhengzhou 5389. The RIL population and parents were genotyped with the Wheat55K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ar...
Source: The Crop Journal - January 8, 2020 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Transcriptome analysis suggests mechanisms for a novel flowering type: Cleistogamous wheat
Publication date: Available online 7 January 2020Source: The Crop JournalAuthor(s): Caiguo Tang, Minghao Li, Minghui Cao, Ruiju Lu, Huilan Zhang, Chenghong Liu, Shengwei Huang, Pingping Zhang, Hao Hu, Weiwei Zhao, Lifang WuAbstractWheat is one of the most important staple crops worldwide. Fusarium head blight severely reduces wheat yield and quality. Cultivation of a novel type of cleistogamous wheat mutant, ZK001, which was created by static magnetic field treatment, is a new strategy for controlling Fusarium head blight. However, little is known about the mechanism of cleistogamy in wheat. The present study demonstrated ...
Source: The Crop Journal - January 8, 2020 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
ND-FISH-positive oligonucleotide probes for detecting specific segments of rye (Secale cereale L.) chromosomes and new tandem repeats in rye
Publication date: Available online 7 January 2020Source: The Crop JournalAuthor(s): Wei Xi, Shuyao Tang, Haimei Du, Jie Luo, Zongxiang Tang, Shulan FuAbstractRye (Secale cereale L.) has been widely used to improve wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. Oligo probes combined with non-denaturing fluorescence in situ hybridization (ND-FISH) technology provide a convenient and efficient way to identify individual rye chromosomes. However, suitable ND-FISH-positive oligo probes for recognizing specific segments of rye chromosomes are lacking. Five new ND-FISH-positive oligo probes: Oligo-5BL.46, Oligo-5A8080, Oligo-5A8080.1, O...
Source: The Crop Journal - January 8, 2020 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Precise base editing of non-allelic acetolactate synthase genes confers sulfonylurea herbicide resistance in maize
The objective of this study was to test the efficiency of targeted C-to-T base editing of two non-allelic acetolactate synthase (ALS) in generating sulfonylurea herbicide-resistant mutants. A CRISPR/Cas9 nickase-cytidine deaminase fused with uracil DNA glycosylase inhibitor (UGI) was employed to achieve targeted conversion of cytosine to thymine in ZmALS1 and ZmALS2. Both protoplasts and recovered mutant plants showed the activity of the cytosine base editor, with an in vivo efficiency of up to 13.8%. Transgene-free edited plants harboring a homozygous ZmALS1 mutation or a ZmALS1 and ZmALS2 double mutation were tested for ...
Source: The Crop Journal - December 11, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
RNA-seq reveals hormone-regulated synthesis of non-cellulose polysaccharides associated with fiber strength in a single-chromosomal-fragment-substituted upland cotton line
This study has shed light on the molecular mechanism of fiber development and will contribute to the improvement of fiber quality of upland cotton by molecular breeding. (Source: The Crop Journal)
Source: The Crop Journal - December 11, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Association mapping for root system architecture traits under two nitrogen conditions in germplasm enhancement of maize doubled haploid lines
In this study, a germplasm enhancement of maize double haploid population of 226 lines genotyped with 61,634 SNPs was used to investigate the genetic basis of RSA under two N levels using a genome-wide association study (GWAS). GLM + PCA, FarmCPU, and MLM models were utilized to balance false positives and false negatives. In total, 33 and 51 significant SNP-trait associations were detected under high and low N conditions, respectively. Under high N, SNP S9_2483543 was detected by all models. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) regions of some SNPs overlapped with the intervals of QTL for RSA and N response that were detected ...
Source: The Crop Journal - December 11, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
OsABA8ox2, an ABA catabolic gene, suppresses root elongation of rice seedlings and contributes to drought response
Publication date: Available online 10 December 2019Source: The Crop JournalAuthor(s): Yan Zhang, Xiaoping Wang, Yanzhong Luo, Lan Zhang, Yuan Yao, Lu Han, Zhenhua Chen, Lei Wang, Yubin LiAbstractIn rice, OsABA8ox encodes abscisic acid (ABA) 8′-hydroxylase, which catalyzes the committed step of ABA catabolism. The contribution of ABA catabolism in root development remains unclear. We investigated the role of OsABA8ox2 in root growth and development and drought response. GUS staining results showed that OsABA8ox2 was expressed mainly in roots at seedling stage and was strongly expressed in the meristematic zone of the radi...
Source: The Crop Journal - December 11, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Powdery mildew disease resistance and marker-assisted screening at the Pm60 locus in wild diploid wheat Triticum urartu
Publication date: Available online 10 December 2019Source: The Crop JournalAuthor(s): Fukai Zhao, Yinghui Li, Baoju Yang, Hongbo Yuan, Cong Jin, Lixun Zhou, Hongcui Pei, Lifang Zhao, Yiwen Li, Yilin Zhou, Jiankun Xie, Qian-Hua ShenAbstractTriticum urartu, a diploid wild wheat and progenitor of the A genome of bread wheat, is an important resource for resistance to powdery mildew fungus caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt). In the present study we systematically characterized the interaction between the Bgt fungus and T. urartu at the microscopic level. We also tested 227 T. urartu accessions for reaction to Bgt...
Source: The Crop Journal - December 11, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Strip rotary tillage with subsoiling increases winter wheat yield by alleviating leaf senescence and increasing grain filling
Publication date: Available online 10 December 2019Source: The Crop JournalAuthor(s): Jianning He, Yu Shi, Junye Zhao, Zhenwen YuAbstractSustainable agriculture in the Huang–Huai–Hai Plain of China is threatened by subsoil compaction and the decline of winter wheat productivity induced by inappropriate tillage regimes. We investigated the effects of optimizing the tillage regime on grain filling and its relationship with flag leaf senescence post-anthesis in winter wheat. Four treatments were compared: rotary tillage, strip rotary tillage, strip rotary tillage with a 2-year subsoiling interval (STS), and conventional p...
Source: The Crop Journal - December 11, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Generation of seed lipoxygenase-free soybean using CRISPR-Cas9
In this study, a pooled clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) strategy targeting three GmLox genes (GmLox1, GmLox2, and GmLox3) was applied and 60 T0 positive transgenic plants were generated, carrying combinations of sgRNAs and mutations. Among them, GmLox-28 and GmLox-60 were gmlox1gmlox2gmlox3 triple mutants and GmLox-40 was a gmlox1gmlox2 double mutant. Sequencing of T1 mutant plants derived from GmLox-28, GmLox-60, and GmLox-40 showed that mutation in the GmLox gene was inherited by the next generation. Colorimetric assay revealed that plants carrying dif...
Source: The Crop Journal - December 11, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Changes in leaflet shape and seeds per pod modify crop growth parameters, canopy light environment, and yield components in soybean
Publication date: Available online 10 December 2019Source: The Crop JournalAuthor(s): Julieta S. Bianchi, Alvaro Quijano, Carlos O. Gosparini, Eligio N. MorandiAbstractSeed number (SN) is the component most strongly associated with yield in soybean. SN depends on pod number (PN) and seeds per pod (SPP). Whereas SPP is a relatively stable component, PN is strongly influenced by environmental and management factors. However, the environmental cues involved in PN regulation are not completely understood. The influence of increasing SPP on other yield components is controversial. Field trials were conducted in two growing seas...
Source: The Crop Journal - December 11, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
