Editorial Board
(Source: Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management)
Source: Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management - July 1, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: research

Myofascial trigger points: New insights in ultrasound imaging
Abstract: Puncture of trigger points in myofascial syndrome can be performed with greater safety for the patient under ultrasound-guided techniques. The identification of potentially hazardous structures in the path of the needle, together with the development and validation of tools like sonoelastography, spontaneous muscle contraction (twitch response), or vascular dynamics, helps us to be more accurate, specially in cases where the trigger points are in deep fasciae or muscular layers. Ultrasound-guided interfascial block, a known regional anesthetic technique, is emerging as a promising approach with minimum traumatic ...
Source: Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management - July 1, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Víctor Mayoral, Tomás Domingo-Rufes, Miquel Casals, Ancor Serrano, José Antonio Narváez, Antoni Sabaté Source Type: research

Ultrasound-guided pain interventions in the hip region
Abstract: To accomplish successful ultrasound-guided interventions for the management of pain in the hip region, a thorough understanding of the essential anatomy of the hip joint and adjacent structures is required. This is also the basis for the acquisition of high-quality dynamic real-time sonoanatomical images. This review article addresses the anatomy, sonoanatomy, and ultrasound-guided interventional approach to 3 key structures in this region—the intra-articular hip, the femoral nerve, and the obturator nerve—using important anatomical landmarks. (Source: Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management)
Source: Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management - July 1, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Ingrid Möller, David Bong Source Type: research

Ultrasound-guided pain interventions in the knee region
Abstract: Most routine intra-articular and extra-articular knee infiltrations performed in pain management are carried out by means of blind techniques or fluoroscopy-guided techniques. Alternatively, ultrasound-guided techniques are a safer and more precise way to perform these procedures. An extensive knowledge of knee anatomy will help us to obtain high-quality real-time ultrasound images before performing any infiltrations. In the current article, we present how to systematically examine the knee sonoanatomy and also describe the ultrasound-guided interventional basis for knee joint pain management. (Source: Techniques...
Source: Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management - July 1, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Domingo Manzano, Fernando Jimenez, Marc Blasi Source Type: research

Ultrasound-guided pain interventions in the pelvis and the sacral spine
Abstract: Ultrasound guidance of infiltrations in the management of chronic pain allows us to visualize in “real time” the advance of the needle and the diffusion of the analgesic agent in and around the pain-generating anatomical structures. It also enables us to avoid important structures, blood vessels, for example, located in the path of the puncture, thus, avoiding complications. The pelvic area has many pain-generating zones, including joints, muscles, and certain specific points, where nerve structures can be compressed. The involvement of these structures can produce pelvic or lower back pain along with pain th...
Source: Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management - July 1, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Tomàs Domingo-Rufes, David A. Bong, Víctor Mayoral, Alejandro Ortega-Romero, Maribel Miguel-Pérez, Antoni Sabaté Source Type: research

Ultrasound-guided interventional procedures for lumbar pain
Abstract: The possibility of performing the majority of the pain-control interventions in the lumbar spine without using fluoroscopy is a very promising alternative. A clear description of the most relevant sonoanatomy of the lumbar spine and the proposal for a systematic approach to perform principal lumbar spine blocks may help those that are beginning to use ultrasound and increase the interest of professionals that normally perform these blocks with x-rays. Therefore, the structures that are easily identifiable by ultrasound from the muscular blocks and the facet joints are first described. (Source: Techniques in Regio...
Source: Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management - July 1, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Alejandro Ortega-Romero, Tomás Domingo-Rufes, Concepción del-Olmo, Maryem-Fama Ismael, Víctor Mayoral Source Type: research

Ultrasound-guided pain interventions in shoulder region
Abstract: Shoulder pain is one of the common complaints to physicians in general practice. Among therapeutic measures used to treat this pain, invasive techniques, such as joints and periarticular injection, as well as suprascapular and axillary nerve block, play a crucial role. Ultrasound guidance is a safe alternative to blind techniques, increasing the safety and accuracy of the procedure and reducing complications. A good understanding of the anatomy and sonoanatomy is of paramount importance in performing the ultrasound-guided injections. (Source: Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management)
Source: Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management - July 1, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Concepcion del-Olmo, Pilar de-Diego, Paloma Morillas, Miguel Garcia-Navlet Source Type: research

Ultrasound-guided interventional procedures for cervical pain
Abstract: Ultrasound is a particularly valuable imaging technique when performing nerve blocks at the cervical level. High-frequency probes provide high-quality resolution and are safe in skilled hands. Typically, interventions performed at the cervical level have been carried out with the help of x-rays, with the corresponding disadvantages such as the exposure to radiation and the inherent inability to observe radiotransparent structures such as blood vessels and nerves. Ultrasound allows us to visualize soft tissues and guide the tip of the needle to our target, without harming particularly delicate structures found in ...
Source: Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management - July 1, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Rafael Contreras, Alejandro Ortega-Romero Source Type: research

Basic considerations before injections and scanning techniques
Abstract: Portable and affordable high-resolution ultrasound (US) machines have accelerated the interest in the use of US guidance for interventional pain procedures. The advantages of ultrasonography over fluoroscopy are as follows: (1) no radiation exposure to both the patient (especially with repeated procedures) and the practitioner; (2) real-time visualization of soft tissues (nerves, muscles, tendons, and vessels); and (3) needle-tip advancement relevant to surrounding structures and local anesthetic spread. Even though the target structure is identified correctly, there is still the challenge of placing the needle t...
Source: Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management - July 1, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Paloma Morillas-Sendin, Alejandro Ortega-Romero, Concepción del-Olmo Source Type: research

Introduction
The renowned Spanish poet, Antonio Machado, once wrote, “walker there is no footpath but that built upon walking, […] and when looking back you can see the trail which will never be stepped on again.” These verses can summarize the circumstances that anesthesiologists and many other medical specialists have experienced since portable ultrasound devices have become instruments used in daily clinical practice. The effort and time spent on learning and handling ultrasound equipment has paid off significantly. Ultrasound has reached an important milestone in the practice of anesthetic blocks by achieving real-time monito...
Source: Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management - July 1, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Alejandro Ortega-Romero Source Type: research

Table of Contents
(Source: Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management)
Source: Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management - April 1, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: research

Editorial Board
(Source: Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management)
Source: Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management - April 1, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: research

Indications for lumbar artificial disc replacement
This article discusses the indications for lumbar disc arthroplasty. As with most surgical procedures, patient selection is crucial. Carefully selected patients may benefit from this new technology. However, many patients may not be appropriate for disc replacement and will still necessitate a lumbar fusion for treatment of their degenerative disc disease. (Source: Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management)
Source: Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management - April 1, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Greg Imbarrato Source Type: research

Indications for lumbar fusion in degenerative spine disease
This article is intended to inform the reader of the indications for lumbar spinal fusion and discuss conditions that potentiate successful outcomes. (Source: Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management)
Source: Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management - April 1, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Darbi Invergo, Moises Googe, Jason Seibly Source Type: research

Decompressive lumbar laminectomy: Indications and discussion
This article will review lumbar laminectomy and the literature supporting surgical intervention. (Source: Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management)
Source: Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management - April 1, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Calvin Whaley Source Type: research