Hirschsprung disease – bowel function beyond childhood
Hirschsprung disease is a developmental defect of the enteric nervous system characterized by lack of enteric neurons in the distal hindgut. There are numerous reports on short-term outcomes indicating that impaired bowel function is common. Recently, several controlled studies show that bowel function outcomes are affected beyond childhood, in adolescents and adults, compared with healthy control subjects. Constipation and fecal incontinence are common. The impaired bowel function appears to have a negative impact on quality of life, although, a majority of patients have adapted to their symptoms. (Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery - September 9, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Tomas Wester, Anna L öf Granström Source Type: research
Long-Term Outlook in Biliary Atresia
The oldest survivors from the Kasai portoenterostomy originate in Sendai, Japan and are approaching their 60th birthday. These represent the tip of an expanding cohort of adults born with this previously fatal condition. Increasingly transition to adult-biased hepatologists and physicians will be the expectation of many with this condition. However unlike their usual patients with alcohol, drugs, virally-mediated liver disease these are different with different expectations of health and quality of life. (Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery - September 8, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Arun Kelay, Mark Davenport Source Type: research
Long-term psychosocial consequences of surgical congenital malformations
Surgical congenital malformations often represent years of treatment, large number of hospital stays, treatment procedures and long-term functional sequels affecting patients ′ psychosocial functioning. Both functional defects and psychosocial difficulties that occur commonly in childhood may pass through adolescence on to adulthood. This overview presents reports published over the past three decades to elucidate the long-term psychosocial consequences of surgical con genital malformations.Literature searches conducted on PubMed database revealed that less than 1% of all the records of surgical congenital malformations ...
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery - September 8, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Trond H. Diseth, Ragnhild Emblem Source Type: research
fm iii -- Contents
(Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery - August 1, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
fm iv -- Forthcoming topics
(Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery - August 1, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Preface
Pediatric solid organ transplantation (SOT) is a life-saving therapy for those with end-stage organ dysfunction. SOT remains one of the most complex and challenging areas within current medical practice with significant organ specific expertise required to optimize outcomes. Although SOT for children is resource and labor intensive, it remains a life preserving, quality of life improving cost effective treatment. Advances in surgical technique, graft preservation, organ utilization, critical care and immunosuppression along with a better understanding of the immune response have resulted in significantly improved outcomes ...
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery - August 1, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Gregory Tiao Source Type: research
Pediatric Transplantation: An International Perspective
Abdominal solid organ transplantation has revolutionized the life of children with end stage organ failure. The international practice of transplant in the pediatric population is heterogeneous. Global trends in pediatric transplant activity are increasing, with diffusion of transplant activities into developing and emerging economies. The organization of deceased donor programs varies internationally (with strong association to a country ′s gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and health spending). (Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery - July 26, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Michael Collin, Jonathan Karpelowsky, Gordon Thomas Source Type: research
Pediatric living-donor liver transplantation
Living donor liver transplantation is an important component of all liver transplant programs especially in those that care for the pediatric population. Over the last thirty years, innovations in surgical technique have converted living donation from an experimental procedure to a standard of care. Many of these innovations occurred in countries where culturally, deceased donation is limited leaving no alternatives but living donation. The Organ Transplantation Center at the National Center for Child Health and Development (NCCHD) in Tokyo, Japan, was established in 2005 where we have generated some of those innovations a...
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery - July 26, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Mureo Kasahara, Seisuke Sakamoto, Akinari Fukuda Source Type: research
Pediatric cardiac transplantation
Heart transplantation in pediatric patients generally arises as a treatment option of last resort, that is, the indication is for patients with heart failure of various etiologies, with potential or actual end-organ dysfunction, in whom there are no reasonable, long-term options for life-prolonging therapy. The concept of heart failure is complex in a pediatric population, particularly those with congenital heart disease. While heart failure may refer simply to systolic dysfunction leading to low cardiac output, it can also encompass: diastolic dysfunction in restrictive cardiomyopathy; single ventricle physiology without ...
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery - July 26, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Thomas D. Ryan, Clifford Chin Source Type: research
Organ Allocation and Utilization in Pediatric Transplantation
Pediatric transplant candidates include heart, lung, liver, pancreas, small intestine and kidney. The purpose of this chapter is to review the history and current methods for determining priority of the above mentioned transplantable organs. The methods used by the authors involved the review of historical and current manuscripts and UNOS policy documents. We summarized the findings in order to create a concise review of the current policies and wait times for transplantation in pediatric transplant patients. (Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery - July 26, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Walter S. Andrews, Bartholomew J. Kane, Richard J. Hendrickson Tags: 26/4 July/Aug - Transplantation issue Source Type: research
Pediatric liver transplantation
Considerable strides have been made over the last several decades towards improving outcomes in pediatric liver transplantation. Refinements in surgical technique has allowed for the use of living donor and deceased donor split-liver grafts, thus expanding the pool of available organs and reducing waitlist mortality. The use of a multidisciplinary team continues to be paramount in the care of the transplant recipient. With improvements in overall graft and survival, indications for liver transplantation have also broadened. (Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery - July 26, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Alex G. Cuenca, Heung Bae Kim, Khashayar Vakili Tags: 26/4 July/Aug - Transplantation issue Source Type: research
Infections in pediatric solid-organ transplant recipients
Solid-organ transplantation in pediatrics can be a life-saving procedure, but it cannot be accomplished without risk of infection-related morbidity and mortality. Evaluation of the recipient during candidacy and donor during evaluation can assist with identification of risk. Further, risk of infection from the surgical procedure can be mitigated through careful planning and attention to infection prevention processes. Finally, early recognition of infection posttransplant can limit the impact of these events. (Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery - July 25, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Elizabeth Doby Knackstedt, Lara Danziger-Isakov Source Type: research
Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder after solid-organ transplant in children
The post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) are a diverse group of potentially life-threatening conditions affecting organ transplant recipients. PTLD arises in the setting of an attenuated host immunologic system that is manipulated to allow a foreign graft but then fails to provide adequate immune surveillance of transformed malignant or premalignant lymphocytes. The diversity of biological behavior and clinical presentation makes for a challenging clinical situation for those involved in the care of children with PTLD occurring after solid-organ transplantation. (Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery - July 25, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Michael J. Absalon, Ruby A. Khoury, Christine L. Phillips Source Type: research
Infections in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients
Solid organ transplantation in pediatrics can be a life-saving procedure, but it cannot be accomplished without risk of infection-related morbidity and mortality. Evaluation of the recipient during candidacy and donor during evaluation can assist with identification of risk. Further, risk of infection from the surgical procedure can be mitigated through careful planning and attention to infection prevention processes. Finally, early recognition of infection post-transplant can limit the impact of these events. (Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery - July 25, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Elizabeth Doby Knackstedt, Lara Danziger-Isakov Source Type: research
Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder after solid organ transplant in children
The post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) are a diverse group of potentially life threatening conditions affecting organ transplant recipients. PTLD arises in the setting of an attenuated host immunologic system which is manipulated to allow a foreign graft but then fails to provide adequate immune surveillance of transformed malignant or pre-malignant lymphocytes. The diversity of biological behavior and clinical presentation makes for a challenging clinical situation for those involved in the care of children with PTLD occurring after solid organ transplantation. (Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery)
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery - July 25, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Michael J. Absalon, Ruby A. Khoury, Christine L. Phillips Source Type: research
