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Anesthetic Management for Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Update for 2014
Cardiopulmonary bypass has revolutionized the practice of cardiac surgery and allows safe conduct of increasingly complex cardiac surgery. A brief review of the bypass circuit is undertaken in this review. A more thorough review of the anesthetic management is accomplished including choice of anesthetic medications and their effects. The inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass is reviewed along with interventions that may help ameliorate the inflammation. (Source: Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia)
Source: Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - May 29, 2014 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Bechtel, A., Huffmyer, J. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

A Brief History of Cardiopulmonary Bypass
The development and application of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) to permit open heart surgery is considered among the most important clinical advances in medicine during the last half of the 20th century. The birth of CPB for cardiac surgery is attributed to its first successful clinical use by John Gibbon Jr, 51 years ago but its practical clinical use really began in the spring and summer of 1955 when 2 groups led by John Kirklin at the Mayo Clinic and C Walton Lillehei at the University of Minnesota, initiated the routine use of CPB for open heart surgery. However, considerable developments were necessary and preceded th...
Source: Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - May 29, 2014 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Hessel, E. A. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Evolution, Practice, and Challenges of Cardiopulmonary Bypass
(Source: Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia)
Source: Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - May 29, 2014 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Kertai, M. D. Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Cardiac surgery in a Patient With Pemphigus Vulgaris: Anesthetic and Surgical Considerations
We present a patient with pemphigus vulgaris who required combined coronary artery bypass grafting and mitral valve repair. The challenges that we faced and modifications to the technique required in this situation are described and reviewed. (Source: Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia)
Source: Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - March 12, 2014 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Takahashi, M., Rhee, A. J., Rakasi, R. R., Yildirim, A., Silvay, G., Reddy, R. C. Tags: Clinical Challenges Source Type: research

Intraoperative Epicardial Ultrasound Probe for Visualization of Embedded Coronary Arteries: A Novel Approach
We report 2 cases in patients undergoing cardiac revascularization on cardiopulmonary bypass where the use of a high-frequency epicardial ultrasound probe facilitated the identification of the embedded coronary arteries. We describe a technique of using antegrade and retrograde cardioplegia administration sequentially to locate the coronary arteries. Easy availability and familiar technology make the epicardial Doppler probe an attractive tool for the identification of embedded coronary arteries. (Source: Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia)
Source: Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - March 12, 2014 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Setty, S., Bello, R., Leff, J. D. Tags: Clinical Challenges Source Type: research

Management of Patients With Implanted Ventricular Assist Devices for Noncardiac Surgery: A Clinical Review
While originally primarily used as bridge to cardiac transplantation and bridge to recovery, more commonly ventricular assist devices (VADs) are being inserted as destination therapy. These patients are being discharged from transplant and mechanical assist centers, living as outpatients, and thus the pool of community-dwelling patients with VADs continues to expand. Not infrequently they present for surgical procedures either directly related to the device itself or more often incidental to the fact that they have a VAD. This scenario may be more common in patients with VADs placed for destination therapy because these pa...
Source: Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - March 12, 2014 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Hessel, E. A. Tags: General Reviews Source Type: research

Pain Management Strategies for Thoracotomy and Thoracic Pain Syndromes
Pain after thoracic surgery can be severe and, in the acute phase, contribute to perioperative morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, patients also incur a significant risk of chronic pain. Although there are guidelines for postoperative pain management in these patients, there is no widespread surgical or anesthetic "best practice." Here, we review the recent literature on techniques specific to perioperative pain control for thoracic patients, including medical management, neuraxial blockade, and other regional techniques, and suggest an algorithm for developing a multimodal pain management strategy. (Source: Seminars i...
Source: Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - March 12, 2014 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Bottiger, B. A., Esper, S. A., Stafford-Smith, M. Tags: General Reviews Source Type: research

Perioperative Fluid Management for Pulmonary Resection Surgery and Esophagectomy
Perioperative fluid management is of significant importance during pulmonary resection surgery and esophagectomy. Excessive fluid administration has been consistently shown as a risk factor for lung injury after thoracic procedures. Probable causes of this serious complication include fluid overload, lung lymphatics and pulmonary endothelial damage. Along with new insights regarding the Starling equation and the absence of a third space, current evidence supports a restrictive fluid regimen for patients undergoing pulmonary resection surgery and esophagectomy. Multiple minimally invasive hemodyamic monitoring devices, incl...
Source: Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - March 12, 2014 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Chau, E. H. L., Slinger, P. Tags: General Reviews Source Type: research

Noteworthy Literature in Regional Anesthesia 2013
The regional anesthesia literature was quite active in the calendar year 2013. In typical fashion, the literature was composed of articles representing neuraxial analgesia, peripheral nerve blocks, patient outcomes, regional anesthesia adjuvant medications, and patient safety. The goal of this article is to summarize and present the most relevant articles from each of these arenas. (Source: Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia)
Source: Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - March 12, 2014 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Fiegel, M. J. Tags: The Perioperative Year in Review-2013 Source Type: research

The Year in Thoracic Surgery: Highlights From 2013
Over the course of 2013, many important studies have been published affecting the care of thoracic surgery patients. Novel chemotherapeutics are being developed to target specific tumor mutations. The utilization of robotic-assisted surgery continues to expand within this exciting field as well. Improved data on endobronchial ultrasound staging and sublobar resections for non–small cell lung cancer as well as postoperative surveillance after esophagectomy have also been reported. This review summarizes important publications of the past year influencing the practice of thoracic surgery today. (Source: Seminars in Car...
Source: Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - March 12, 2014 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Bennett, D. T., Weyant, M. J. Tags: The Perioperative Year in Review-2013 Source Type: research

The Year in Review: Anesthesia for Congenital Heart Disease 2013
Congenital cardiac anesthesiology is a young and rapidly growing subspecialty. It embraces a large spectrum of congenital and acquired heart diseases, which now affect the entire life span of patients from "cradle to grave." One of the challenges faced by congenital cardiac anesthesiologists is reading the large amount of relevant literature from the fields of cardiology, cardiac surgery, intensive care medicine, and anesthesiology. This review highlights some of the current themes in the literature during the past year. (Source: Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia)
Source: Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - March 12, 2014 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Ing, R. J., Twite, M. D. Tags: The Perioperative Year in Review-2013 Source Type: research

Noteworthy Cardiac Surgical Literature in 2013
The year of 2013 has continued to expand our understanding of the treatment of cardiac surgical patients. The noteworthy articles chosen for this review address new opinions on common surgical issues such as the appropriateness of coronary bypass compared with percutaneous intervention as well as more novel approaches to repair of insufficient aortic valves. The review continues by discussing the implications of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services National Coverage Decisions for both transcatheter aortic valve replacement and ventricular assist device in addition to notable articles on each. (Source: Seminars in...
Source: Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - March 12, 2014 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Reece, T. B., Cleveland, J. C. Tags: The Perioperative Year in Review-2013 Source Type: research

Noteworthy Articles in 2013 for Cardiothoracic Anesthesiologists
In 2013, the field of cardiothoracic anesthesiology has continued to grow at the same astounding rate as in previous years. It has become increasingly difficult for practicing anesthesiologists to stay current on impactful publications related to our exciting subspecialty. The scientific output has expanded to such a great extent that following the literature in specialty journals barely scrapes the surface of available knowledge. With the recent emphasis on teamwork spanning multiple medical specialties in the care for complex patients, the door has opened for our research to be presented in nontraditional, nonanesthesiol...
Source: Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - March 12, 2014 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Hilberath, J. N., Muehlschlegel, J. D. Tags: The Perioperative Year in Review-2013 Source Type: research

The Year in Review: Perioperative Medicine 2013
(Source: Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia)
Source: Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - March 12, 2014 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Weitzel, N. S. Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Cardiac Calendar 2013-2020
(Source: Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia)
Source: Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - November 13, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Cardiac Calendar 2013-2020 Source Type: research