Testing the ideas guidelines as applied to plutonium intakes
The IDEAS Guidelines [Doerfel, H., et al. General Guidelines for the Estimation of Committed Effective Dose from Incorporation Monitoring Data. Report FZKA 7243, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, GmbH (2006); Castellani, C. M., Marsh, J. W., Hurtgen, C., Blanchardon, E., Berard, P., Giusani, A. and Lopez, M. A. IDEAS Guidelines (Version 2) for the Estimation of Committed Doses from Incorporation Monitoring Data. EURADOS Report 2013-01, Braunschweig (2013)] provide a structured approach to the assessment of intakes of radionuclides. In order to check that the guidelines, when applied to typical monitoring programmes, lead to rel...
Source: Radiation Protection Dosimetry - September 7, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Bull, R., Roberts, G. Tags: Paper Source Type: research
Development of a rapid procedure to analyse pu, am and 90sr in emergency urine bioassay in ciemat bioelimination laboratory: method validation by emergency bioassay intercomparison exercises
After a radiological or nuclear incident, it is necessary to give a prompt response and to know the number of persons exposed to internal contamination, to evaluate the contamination levels in each person and even and to identify the radionuclides involved. In vitro laboratories routine monitoring measurements employed to quantify 90Sr and actinides in urine require radiochemical separation and long counting time, which implies a minimum of 1 or 2 weeks to obtain the results, respectively. In this work, rapid radiochemical separation method applied directly to urine samples is presented. It is based on minimal sample prepa...
Source: Radiation Protection Dosimetry - September 7, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Sierra, I., Hernandez, C. Tags: Paper Source Type: research
Efficiency study of a lege detector system for the assessment of 241am in skull at ciemat whole body counter
241Am incorporation due to an incident or chronic exposure causes an internal dose, which can be evaluated from the total activity of this isotope in the skeleton several months after the intake. For this purpose, it is necessary to perform in vivo measurements of this bone-seeker radionuclide in appropriate counting bone geometries with very low attenuation of surrounded tissue and to extrapolate to total activity in the skeleton (ICRP 89, Basic anatomical and physiological data for use in radiological protection: reference values. 2001. 265). The work here presented refers to direct measurements of americium in the Cohen...
Source: Radiation Protection Dosimetry - September 7, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Perez Lopez, B., Navarro, J. F., Lopez Ponte, M. A., Nogueira, P. Tags: Paper Source Type: research
CALIBRATION OF A WHOLE BODY COUNTER FOR 241Am WITH THE LLNL CHEST PHANTOM
An occupational incorporation event occurred at the Radioactive Waste Treatment and Disposal Facility in December 2013 at Püspökszilágy, Hungary. Internal contamination due to 241Am was discovered by a regular routine whole body counting measurement at the Centre for Energy Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences. After that, a whole body counter was calibrated for an organ counting geometry. For preliminary calibration, a home-made MIX-D chest phantom was applied simulating uniform lung activity distribution by 241Am point sources located in different positions within the lung volume of the phantom....
Source: Radiation Protection Dosimetry - September 7, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Pazmandi, T., Andrasi, A., Feher, I., Kocsonya, A., Pantya, A., Szanto, P., Zagyvai, P. Tags: Paper Source Type: research
Personalised body counter calibration using anthropometric parameters
In conclusion, it is possible to give more accurate estimates of calibration factors using this proposed approach including estimates of uncertainties related to interindividual anatomical variation of the target population. (Source: Radiation Protection Dosimetry)
Source: Radiation Protection Dosimetry - September 7, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Pölz, S., Breustedt, B. Tags: Paper Source Type: research
Relative dissolution rates of radioactive materials used at awe
A simple in vitro dissolution test was used to provide a semi-quantitative comparison of the relative dissolution rates of samples of radioactive materials used at Atomic Weapons Establishment in a lung fluid surrogate (Ringer's solution). A wide range of dissolution rates were observed for aged legacy actinides, freshly produced actinide alloys and actinides from waste management operations. (Source: Radiation Protection Dosimetry)
Source: Radiation Protection Dosimetry - September 7, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Miller, T. J., Bingham, D., Cockerill, R., Waldren, S., Moth, N. Tags: Paper Source Type: research
Characterization of a thin silicon sensor for active neutron personal dosemeters
A thin silicon sensor has been developed for active neutron personal dosemeters for use by aircrews and first responders. This thin silicon sensor is not affected by the funneling effect, which causes detection of cosmic protons and over-response to cosmic neutrons. There are several advantages to the thin silicon sensor: a decrease in sensitivity to gamma rays, an improvement of the energy detection limit for neutrons down to 0.8 MeV and an increase in the sensitivity to fast neutrons. Neutron response functions were experimentally obtained using 2.5 and 5 MeV monoenergy neutron beams and a 252Cf neutron source. Simulatio...
Source: Radiation Protection Dosimetry - September 7, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Takada, M., Nunomiya, T., Nakamura, T., Matsumoto, T., Masuda, A. Tags: Paper Source Type: research
Energy and angular dependence of radiophotoluminescent glass dosemeters for eye lens dosimetry
In this study, small rod radiophotoluminescent glass dosemeters (GD-300 series; AGC, Japan) were characterized in terms of their energy (ISO 4037 X-rays narrow spectrum series, S-Cs and S-Co) and angular dependence (0 up to 90 degrees, with 2 ISO energies: N-60 and S-Cs). All acquisitions were performed at SCK•CEN—Belgium, using the ORAMED proposed cylindrical phantom. For selected energies (N-60, N-80, N-100, N-120 and N-250), the response of dosemeters irradiated on the ISO water slab phantom, at the Ruđer Bošković Institute—Croatia, was compared to those irradiated on the...
Source: Radiation Protection Dosimetry - September 7, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Silva, E. H., Knezevic, Z., Struelens, L., Covens, P., Ueno, S., Vanhavere, F., Buls, N. Tags: Paper Source Type: research
Application of pttl method for dose reassessment in extremity dosimetry
Wide and common applications of ionising radiation require continuous improvement of radiation safety and dosimetry methods. The thermoluminescent (TL) method is well known and very popular. Apart from its advantages, it also carries certain disadvantages. The erasure of the TL signal on detector readout and the resulting impossibility of post-readout dose reassessment is one of them. At the Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences (IFJ PAN), a method for dose reassessment based on phototransferred thermoluminescence (PTTL) has been developed. This method has been applied for dose reassessment to MTS-N (LiF...
Source: Radiation Protection Dosimetry - September 7, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Sas-Bieniarz, A., Budzanowski, M., Bubak, A., Kopec, R. Tags: Paper Source Type: research
Influence of different types of phantoms on the calibration of dosemeters for eye lens dosimetry
This study describes investigations on the influence of the type of phantom on the calibration of dosemeters. In order to fulfil the purpose, backscatter radiation from practically used water-filled phantoms was evaluated by calculations and experiments. For photons, the calculations showed that the cylinder phantom had 10 % lower backscattered effect at maximum than a slab phantom, and simulated well the backscattered effect of the human head or neck to within ±10 %. The irradiation results of non-filtered optically stimulated luminescence and radio-photoluminescence glass dosemeters indicated that the differences ...
Source: Radiation Protection Dosimetry - September 7, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Yoshitomi, H., Kowatari, M. Tags: Paper Source Type: research
Design development of a passive neutron dosemeter for the use at high-energy accelerators
The objective of this development is to find a dosemeter that fulfils the necessary requirements and can be reliably used to prove that the radiation levels in areas around accelerators are in accordance with the limits of the respective radiation protection legislation. A simple layout with small dimensions and light weight as well as the usage of common materials to lower the production costs is to be achieved. (Source: Radiation Protection Dosimetry)
Source: Radiation Protection Dosimetry - September 7, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Sokolov, A., Fehrenbacher, G., Radon, T. Tags: Paper Source Type: research
A thin-layer lif thermoluminescence dosemeter system with fast readout for the use in personal dosimetry services
A newly developed thermoluminescence dosemeter system is presented that is suitable for application in fields where personal monitoring of a large number of users is required. The system presented here is intended to be used as the upcoming main dosemeter for whole body dosimetry at the dosimetry service of the MPA NRW (Germany) with ~110,000 evaluations per month. (Source: Radiation Protection Dosimetry)
Source: Radiation Protection Dosimetry - September 7, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Walbersloh, J., Busch, F. Tags: Paper Source Type: research
Plastic scintillator for radiation dosimetry
Inorganic scintillators, composed of high-atomic-number materials such as the CsI(Tl) scintillator, are commonly used in commercially available a silicon diode and a scintillator embedded indirect-type electronic personal dosimeters because the light yield of the inorganic scintillator is higher than that of an organic scintillator. However, when it comes to tissue-equivalent dose measurements, a plastic scintillator such as polyvinyl toluene (PVT) is a more appropriate material than an inorganic scintillator because of the mass energy absorption coefficient. To verify the difference in the absorbed doses for each scintill...
Source: Radiation Protection Dosimetry - September 7, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Kim, Y., Yoo, H., Kim, C., Lim, K. T., Moon, M., Kim, J., Cho, G. Tags: Paper Source Type: research
Dose measurements to the lens in nuclear medicine and in fluoroscopy-guided interventional procedures: analysis of the results and assessment of the effectiveness of protective eyewear anti-x
The new limit of 20 mSv to the lens raises the need for further assessment of the equivalent dose to the lens for nuclear medicine and interventional radiology operators. (a) A measurement campaign was performed in nuclear medicine, (b) a routine monitoring was organised in interventional procedures and (c) the effectiveness of protective eyewear was assessed. In nuclear medicine, for photon fields, the adequacy of Hp(0.07) of dosemeter worn on the trunk is confirmed; with 90Y, the annual values of Hp(3) measured in therapeutic session are <5 mSv. In interventional procedures, routine monitoring of the dose to the lens ...
Source: Radiation Protection Dosimetry - September 7, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Sarti, G., Busca, F., Carpano, L., Dottore, F. D., Dall'ara, D., Sanniti, S. Tags: Paper Source Type: research
Fading effect of lif:mg,ti and lif:mg,cu,p ext-rad and whole-body detectors
Thermoluminescence dosemeters are widely used in individual and environmental monitoring. The aim of this work was to compare the thermal stability of dosemeters of the Ext-Rad and whole-body card types with LiF:Mg,Ti and LiF:Mg,Cu,P detectors stored at different temperatures and periods. The dosemeters were stored at 0°C, room temperature and 40°C for periods that lasted 8, 30, 45, 90 and 120 d. In general, TLD-100H detectors present higher TL signal stability than TLD-100 detectors. The intensity of the signal remained constant for both materials for storage periods at 0°C. At RT the same results was observed...
Source: Radiation Protection Dosimetry - September 7, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Pereira, J., Pereira, M. F., Rangel, S., Saraiva, M., Santos, L. M., Cardoso, J. V., Alves, J. G. Tags: Paper Source Type: research
