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The effect of frequent hemodialysis on self-reported sleep quality: Frequent Hemodialysis Network Trials
Conclusions Although a possible benefit of frequent in-center hemodialysis was observed at 4 months, neither frequent in-center hemodialysis nor home nocturnal hemodialysis demonstrated significant improvements in self-reported sleep quality compared with conventional hemodialysis at 12 months. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 22, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Unruh, M. L., Larive, B., Eggers, P. W., Garg, A. X., Gassman, J. J., Finkelstein, F. O., Kimmel, P. L., Chertow, G. M., for the FHN Trial Group, for the FHN Trial Group, Achinger, Anderson, Appel, Apruzzes, Atwal, Augustine, Ayus, Bardsley, Bay, Beach, B Tags: Intra- and extracorporeal treatments of kidney failure Source Type: research

Haemodiafiltration and mortality in end-stage kidney disease patients: a pooled individual participant data analysis from four randomized controlled trials
Conclusions This pooled individual participant analysis on the effects of online HDF compared with conventional HD indicates that online HDF reduces the risk of mortality in ESKD patients. This effect holds across a variety of important clinical subgroups of patients and is most pronounced for those receiving a higher convection volume normalized to BSA. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 22, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Peters, S. A. E., Bots, M. L., Canaud, B., Davenport, A., Grooteman, M. P. C., Kircelli, F., Locatelli, F., Maduell, F., Morena, M., Nube, M. J., Ok, E., Torres, F., Woodward, M., Blankestijn, P. J., on behalf of the HDF Pooling Project Investigators Tags: Intra- and extracorporeal treatments of kidney failure Source Type: research

The influence of birthweight, past poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis and current body mass index on levels of albuminuria in young adults: the multideterminant model of renal disease in a remote Australian Aboriginal population with high rates of renal disease and renal failure
Conclusion Much of the great excess of disease in this population is explained by high rates of the early life risk factors, LBW and PSGN. Their effects are expressed through amplification of ACR in the context of increasing age and are further moderated by levels of current body size. Both early life risk factors are potentially modifiable. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 22, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Hoy, W. E., White, A. V., Tipiloura, B., Singh, G. R., Sharma, S., Bloomfield, H., Swanson, C. E., Dowling, A., McCredie, D. A. Tags: Chronic Kidney Disease Source Type: research

Collagen (COL4A) mutations are the most frequent mutations underlying adult focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Conclusions We show that collagen IV mutations, including COL4A5, frequently underlie FSGS and should be considered, particularly with a positive family history. Targeted NGS improves diagnostic efficiency by investigating many candidate genes in parallel. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 22, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Gast, C., Pengelly, R. J., Lyon, M., Bunyan, D. J., Seaby, E. G., Graham, N., Venkat-Raman, G., Ennis, S. Tags: Chronic Kidney Disease Source Type: research

Effect of genotype on the severity and volume progression of polycystic liver disease in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Conclusions In contrast to the renal phenotype, the ADPKD genotype was not associated with the severity or growth rate of PLD in ADKPD patients. This finding, along with gender influence, indicates that modifiers beyond the disease gene significantly influence the liver phenotype. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 22, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Chebib, F. T., Jung, Y., Heyer, C. M., Irazabal, M. V., Hogan, M. C., Harris, P. C., Torres, V. E., El-Zoghby, Z. M. Tags: Chronic Kidney Disease Source Type: research

Effects of lipid-lowering treatment on circulating microparticles in patients with diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease
Conclusions DM patients with CKD stages 3–4 had elevated PMPs, EMPs and MMPs compared with DM patients with normal GFR. Simvastatin reduced procoagulant MPs, MMPs and PMPs in DM-CKD patients, suggesting a beneficial reduction of hypercoagulability in this high-risk patient group. Differences between DM-CKD and DM-only patients were counteracted by LLT. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 22, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Almquist, T., Mobarrez, F., Jacobson, S. H., Wallen, H., Hjemdahl, P. Tags: Chronic Kidney Disease Source Type: research

Effect of renal impairment on atherosclerosis: only partially mediated by homocysteine
Conclusions tHcy accounts for a significant part, but not all of the effect of renal impairment on atherosclerosis. Other uremic toxins including metabolic products of the intestinal microbiome may explain residual effects of renal failure on atherosclerosis. Therapeutic approaches arising from that hypothesis are discussed. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 22, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Spence, J. D., Urquhart, B. L., Bang, H. Tags: Chronic Kidney Disease Source Type: research

Evaluation and validation of biomarkers in granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis
Conclusions We identified promising biomarkers in a literature-based review that were in part corroborated as has been shown for CRP, C3a, C5a, IL-18BP in blood and MCP-1 and C5a in urine samples. Moreover, we propose a biomarker panel comprising CRP and urinary MCP-1 in patients with AAV and renal involvement. Further investigations to confirm our preliminary results are clearly warranted, including the reliability to predict disease relapses. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 22, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Kronbichler, A., Kerschbaum, J., Gründlinger, G., Leierer, J., Mayer, G., Rudnicki, M. Tags: Acute Kidney Injury Source Type: research

KDIGO-based acute kidney injury criteria operate differently in hospitals and the community--findings from a large population cohort
Conclusions KDIGO-based AKI criteria operate differently in hospitals and in the community. Some patients may not require immediate admission but are at substantial risk of a poor long-term outcome. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 22, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Sawhney, S., Fluck, N., Fraser, S. D., Marks, A., Prescott, G. J., Roderick, P. J., Black, C. Tags: Acute Kidney Injury Source Type: research

Effect of high salt diet on blood pressure and renal damage during vascular endothelial growth factor inhibition with sunitinib
Conclusions An HS diet induces a marked BP rise in WKY rats and exacerbates both the magnitude of the BP rise and glomerular injury induced by sunitinib. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 22, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Lankhorst, S., Baelde, H. J., Clahsen-van Groningen, M. C., Smedts, F. M. M., Danser, A. H. J., van den Meiracker, A. H. Tags: BASIC SCIENCE Source Type: research

Lupus nephritis management guidelines compared
In the past years, many (randomized) trials have been performed comparing the treatment strategies for lupus nephritis. In 2012, these data were incorporated in six different guidelines for treating lupus nephritis. These guidelines are European, American and internationally based, with one separate guideline for children. They offer information on different aspects of the management of lupus nephritis including induction and maintenance treatment of the different histological classes, adjunctive treatment, monitoring of the patient, definitions of response and relapse, indications for (repeat) renal biopsy, and additional...
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 22, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Wilhelmus, S., Bajema, I. M., Bertsias, G. K., Boumpas, D. T., Gordon, C., Lightstone, L., Tesar, V., Jayne, D. R. Tags: REVIEWS - CLINICAL SCIENCE AND OUTCOME RESEARCH IN NEPHROLOGY Source Type: research

A guide to reading and using systematic reviews of qualitative research
This article will provide a framework for the systematic review of qualitative research so readers can make sense of these study types and use them in clinical care and policy. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 22, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Tong, A., Palmer, S., Craig, J. C., Strippoli, G. F. M. Tags: REVIEWS - CLINICAL SCIENCE AND OUTCOME RESEARCH IN NEPHROLOGY Source Type: research

Hyperuricemia-induced inflammasome and kidney diseases
Classically, urate nephropathy has been postulated to cause kidney disease by depositing intraluminal crystal in the collecting duct. Recently, molecular mechanisms of inflammasome have been investigated. Urate-induced inflammasome pathway is comprised of urate crystal uptake into intracellular lysosomes and subsequent lysosomal rupture with mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which activates the NLRP3 inflammasome. Against the lysosomal rupture and mitochondrial ROS production, autophagy acts to protect proximal tubular cells by isolating them from expanding the inflammation. In addition, increased cel...
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 22, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Isaka, Y., Takabatake, Y., Takahashi, A., Saitoh, T., Yoshimori, T. Tags: REVIEWS - BASIC SCIENCE AND TRANSLATIONAL NEPHROLOGY Source Type: research

Moderator's view: Meta-analysis: the best knowledge but not always shining gold
Meta-analysis has gained top status in medicine. Correctly so, well-performed meta-analysis is perceived as an unbeatable method for distilling first class medical knowledge. However, such a high status should in no way be considered as a guarantee that all information derived from meta-analyses is pure gold. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses not performed with due methodological attention abound and nephrology is not at all a protected territory. Herein I give concrete examples of meta-analyses published in major journals whose findings are not pure gold. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 22, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Zoccali, C. Tags: POLAR VIEWS IN NEPHROLOGY Source Type: research

Opponent's comments
(Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 22, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Mudge, D. W., Webster, A. C., Johnson, D. W. Tags: POLAR VIEWS IN NEPHROLOGY Source Type: research