Superoxide and NADPH oxidase do not modulate skin blood flow in older exercising adults with and without type 2 diabetes
ConclusionSuperoxide and NADPH oxidase do not modulate cutaneous vasodilation in healthy low- or high-fit older adults exercising in the heat, regardless of aerobic fitness level or relative exercise intensity employed, nor do they influence cutaneous vasodilation during an exercise-heat stress in those with type 2 diabetes. However, NOS remains an important modulator of cutaneous vasodilation during exercise in all groups. (Source: Microvascular Research)
Source: Microvascular Research - June 12, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Phase-contrast computed tomography: A correlation study between portal pressure and three dimensional microvasculature of ex vivo liver samples from carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in rats
ConclusionsPCCT technique demonstrates outstanding potential for 3D visualization of microvasculature in liver fibrosis. Microvascular changes in fibrotic livers may serve as a new surrogate histopathological marker in evaluating portal pressures or prognosing portal hypertension. (Source: Microvascular Research)
Source: Microvascular Research - June 7, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Protective effects of hydrogen inhalation during the warm ischemia phase against lung ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat donors after cardiac death
ConclusionLung inhalation with 3% hydrogen during the warm ischemia phase attenuated lung graft IRI via NF-κB-dependent anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects in rat donors after cardiac death. (Source: Microvascular Research)
Source: Microvascular Research - June 6, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Sample size determination in the laser-Doppler measurements of skin blood flow
Publication date: Available online 16 May 2019Source: Microvascular ResearchAuthor(s): Rodion Stepanov, Sergey Podtaev, Kirill TsiberkinAbstractPre-study calculations of the required sample size are vital to a large majority of studies. Using the method based on the Monte-Carlo simulations, we have illustrated how the sample size is related to the statistic power value, the significance level, the variability of observations and the minor magnitude of the effect of interest under study. If the study has been already completed, one should not perform any ‘post hoc’ power calculations. In this case, calculation of confid...
Source: Microvascular Research - May 17, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Cutaneous microvascular function in patients with obstructive or non-obstructive coronary artery disease evaluated by laser speckle contrast imaging
ConclusionNObCAD patients are more likely to develop cutaneous microvascular dysfunction than ObCAD patients, which may reflect the difference in the underlying mechanisms of myocardial ischemia. (Source: Microvascular Research)
Source: Microvascular Research - May 10, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Imbalanced serum levels of Ang1, Ang2 and VEGF in systemic sclerosis: Integrated effects on microvascular reactivity
ConclusionsWe found that serum levels of Ang1, Ang2 and VEGF are differentially expressed in SSc and altered Ang1/Ang2 profile might underlay the aberrant angiogenesis in SSc despite increase in VEGF. For the first time we identified that significant deficiency of Ang1 might be involved in early capillary enlargement, followed by collapse and lack of stable newly-formed vessels in VEGF-enriched environment, whereas Ang2 levels seem to increase later in disease progression and advanced microvascular damage (“Late” NVC pattern). (Source: Microvascular Research)
Source: Microvascular Research - May 9, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Investigation into the diversity in the fractal dimensions of arterioles and venules in a microvascular network – A quantitative analysis
Publication date: Available online 7 May 2019Source: Microvascular ResearchAuthor(s): Ruofan Wang, Peilun Li, Qing Pan, John K.-J. Li, Wolfgang M. Kuebler, Axel R. Pries, Gangmin NingAbstractFractal dimension is a robust fractal parameter for estimating the morphology of vascular networks. It reflects the property of vascular networks that may vary and thus, differentiate between individual networks and/or identify physiological and pathological conditions. As such, fractal dimension differs also between arteriolar and venular compartments, yet the underlying reason is so far unclear. In order to understand the mechanisms ...
Source: Microvascular Research - May 7, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Characterization of microvascular disease in patients with sickle cell disease using nailfold capillaroscopy
In conclusion, SCD is associated with lower capillary density and more dilated capillaries on NFC. These changes appear unrelated to markers of disease severity including frequency of sickle crises, number of transfusions, and HbS levels. The relation between NFC and target organ involvement merits further study. (Source: Microvascular Research)
Source: Microvascular Research - May 1, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Computational analysis of nitric oxide biotransport in a microvessel influenced by red blood cells
Publication date: Available online 30 April 2019Source: Microvascular ResearchAuthor(s): Yajie Wei, Lizhong Mu, Yuanliang Tang, Zaiyi Shen, Ying HeAbstractIt is pivotal that Nitric Oxide (NO) produced in endothelium, consumed by hemoglobin (Hb) wrapped in red blood cells (RBCs) membrane, regulates the vascular tone. The whole processes of NO transport in vessel containing flowing RBCs is still not clear, such as NO production in endothelium, diffusion in plasma and consumption inside RBCs. In this work, the motion of RBCs in a microvessel is investigated by using immersed boundary lattice Boltzmann method (IB-LBM) first an...
Source: Microvascular Research - May 1, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Perfusion-related changes in intestinal diffusion detected by NMR-MOUSE® monitoring in minipigs
ConclusionsIntestinal diffusion is affected significantly by perfusion changes in mature minipigs. As shown by NMR-MOUSE monitoring, ischemia and flow reduction have contrary effects on intestinal diffusion and, additionally, the fast and slow diffusion components show opposite trends during each of those pathological perfusion states. Prior intraluminal glucose application seems to attenuate the effects of malperfusion on intestinal diffusion. (Source: Microvascular Research)
Source: Microvascular Research - May 1, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Near-infrared spectroscopy detects transient decrements and recovery of microvascular responsiveness following prolonged forearm ischemia
ConclusionThese findings show that NIRS-derived reoxygenation slope detects the transient detrimental effects of prolonged ischemia within the forearm microvasculature. Additionally, this study found that the reduction in forearm microvascular responsiveness might have induced to decreased brachial artery FMD responsiveness. (Source: Microvascular Research)
Source: Microvascular Research - May 1, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Editorial Board
Publication date: July 2019Source: Microvascular Research, Volume 124Author(s): (Source: Microvascular Research)
Source: Microvascular Research - April 17, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Retinal microvascular development in the first two years
We present retinal microvasculature measurement from the first two years of life. Retinal images suitable for analysis were available from 18 infants in our proof-of-concept study. The mean and standard deviation (SD) for birth weight and gestation was 3410 (384) g and 39.1(1.4) weeks, respectively. Retinal vessel calibres were summarized as the mean(SD) central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE) at six months of age was 156 (32) μm, increased to 175 (75) μm by 12 months and a slightly declined by 24 months of age to 168 (50) μm. In a similar pattern, mean(SD) central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE) at six month...
Source: Microvascular Research - April 13, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Myogenic tone contributes to the regulation of permeability in mesenteric microvessels
Publication date: Available online 8 April 2019Source: Microvascular ResearchAuthor(s): Laurel Haines, Nuria Villalba, Adrian M. Sackheim, Daniel M. Collier, Kalev FreemanAbstractThe microvascular endothelium plays a key role in regulating solute permeability in the gut, but the contribution of vascular smooth muscle to barrier function is unknown. We sought to determine the role of vascular smooth muscle and its myogenic tone in the vascular barrier to solutes in mesenteric microvessels. We determined vascular permeability to 4.4 kDa and 70 kDa dextrans in isolated mouse mesenteric arteries at increasing pressure incr...
Source: Microvascular Research - April 9, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Correlations between nailfold microvascular damage and skin involvement in systemic sclerosis patients
ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that there is a correlation between two of the most important aspects to classify and monitor the SSc patients, i.e. microvascular damage progression (evaluated by NVC) and skin damage (assessed by mRss, US and PST). (Source: Microvascular Research)
Source: Microvascular Research - April 9, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
