The role of Alu-derived RNAs in Alzheimer ’s and other neurodegenerative conditions
Non-coding RNAs have emerged as essential contributors to neuroinflammation. The Alu element is the most abundant potential source of non-coding RNA in the human genome represented by over 1.1 million copies totaling ∼10% of the genome's mass. Accumulation of “Alu RNA” was observed in the brains of individuals with dementia and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease - a degenerative brain disorder. “Alu RNAs” activate inflammatory pathways and apoptosis in the non-neural cells. In particular, the “Alu RNA” cyto toxicity is suggested as a mechanism in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), a compartment damaged in the process o...
Source: Medical Hypotheses - March 22, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Oksana Polesskaya, Evgeniya Kananykhina, Astrid Engel, Olga Nazarenko, Irina Kulemzina, Ancha Baranova, Yegor Vassetsky, Max Myakishev-Rempel Source Type: research
IL-2/IL-3 interplay mediates growth of CD25 positive acute myeloid leukemia cells
Cell surface interleukin-2 receptor α-chain (IL-2Rα, CD25) expression is currently recognized to be a strong predictor for poor prognosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, it is still unknown that the reason why CD25 positive AML patients have a dismal clinical outcome. CD25 positive AML cells are generally unr esponsive to IL-2, but strongly respond to IL-3. The levels of IL-3Rα on these AML cells are very high and directly proportional to the CD25 levels. T-lymphocytes produce IL-3 in response to stimuli including IL-2-mediated activation. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - March 20, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Kazunori Nakase, Kenkichi Kita, Naoyuki Katayama Source Type: research
Microcirculation-mediated preconditioning and intracellular hypothermia
Microcirculation is a network of perfused capillaries that connects macrocirculation with the cells. Although research has provided insight into microcirculatory blood flow, our knowledge remains limited. In this article, we propose a new role of microcirculation in physiological and shock states. In healthy individuals, microcirculation maintains cellular homeostasis via preconditioning. When blood volume decreases, the ensuing microcirculatory changes result in heterogeneity of perfusion and tissue oxygenation. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - March 20, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Athanasios Chalkias, Ioannis Mamais, Theodoros Xanthos Source Type: research
IL-2/IL-3 interplay mediates growth of CD25 positive acute myeloid leukemia cells
Cell surface interleukin-2 receptor α-chain (IL-2Rα, CD25) expression is currently recognized to be a strong predictor for poor prognosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, it is still unknown that the reason why CD25 positive AML patients have a dismal clinical outcome. CD25 positive AML cells are generally unr esponsive to IL-2, but strongly respond to IL-3. The levels of IL-3Rα on these AML cells are very high and directly proportional to the CD25 levels. T-lymphocytes produce IL-3 in response to stimuli including IL-2-mediated activation. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - March 20, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Kazunori Nakase, Kenkichi Kita, Naoyuki Katayama Source Type: research
Microcirculation-mediated preconditioning and intracellular hypothermia
Microcirculation is a network of perfused capillaries that connects macrocirculation with the cells. Although research has provided insight into microcirculatory blood flow, our knowledge remains limited. In this article, we propose a new role of microcirculation in physiological and shock states. In healthy individuals, microcirculation maintains cellular homeostasis via preconditioning. When blood volume decreases, the ensuing microcirculatory changes result in heterogeneity of perfusion and tissue oxygenation. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - March 20, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Athanasios Chalkias, Ioannis Mamais, Theodoros Xanthos Source Type: research
Ratio of CD147high/CD147low in CD4+CD25+ T cells: A potential biomarker for early diagnosis and prediction of response to therapy for autoimmune diseases
Regulatory T cell (Treg cell) is an important immunosuppressive T cell subset and plays a dominant role in maintaining the immune balance in vivo. The function defects in Treg cells have been involved in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases. The detection of Treg cell suppressive function is important for early diagnosis and prediction of response to treatment for autoimmune diseases. The traditional detection of Treg cell suppressive function needs at least 20 mL peripheral blood sample of patients and the results would be got in sixth day, therefore, it could not be widely applied in clinical. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - March 19, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Huifang Guo, Liru Xun, Ruisan Zhang, Xingchun Gou Source Type: research
Ratio of CD147high/CD147low in CD4+CD25+ T cells: a potential biomarker for early diagnosis and prediction of response to therapy for autoimmune diseases
Regulatory T cell (Treg cell) is an important immunosuppressive T cell subset and plays a dominant role in maintaining the immune balance in vivo. The function defects in Treg cells have been involved in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases. The detection of Treg cell suppressive function is important for early diagnosis and prediction of response to treatment for autoimmune diseases. The traditional detection of Treg cell suppressive function needs at least 20 mL peripheral blood sample of patients and the results would be got in sixth day, therefore, it could not be widely applied in clinical. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - March 19, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Huifang Guo, Liru Xun, Ruisan Zhang, Xingchun Gou Source Type: research
Do the key prognostic factors for non-specific neck pain have moderation effects? – A study protocol
Neck pain is one of the common musculoskeletal conditions prevalent in the general population in Norway. Patients with neck pain, seek treatment from different health professionals such as general practitioners, physiotherapists, chiropractors and alternative medicine practitioners. The interventions for neck pain are typically provided in a primary care or specialised healthcare setting depending on the general practitioners ’ referral patterns. Clinicians are interested to know the various prognostic factors that can explain the recovery from neck pain. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - March 12, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Arun Prasad Balasundaram, Hilde Stendal Robinson, Nina K øpke Vøllestad Source Type: research
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Source: Medical Hypotheses - March 7, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy As Protective Factor After Bypass Grafting
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a well established cardiovascular risk factor, accounting for an increase in cardiovascular morbid-mortality, although how much the magnitude and the kind of LVH could affect cardiovascular outcomes is in large part unknown.We speculate that mild LVH in absence of left ventricular (LV) chamber dilation, could play a protective role towards functional capacity, clinical outcome, cardiovascular and total morbi-mortality in conditions in which LV systolic function is generally reduced. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - March 5, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Gian Luca Iannuzzi, Mauro Maniscalco, Andrea Elia, Anna Scognamiglio, Giuseppe Furgi, Franco Rengo Source Type: research
Treating patients suffering from myalgic encephalopathy/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) with sodium dichloroacetate: an open- label, proof-of-principle pilot trial
Twenty two consecutive patients suffering from refractory myalgic encephalitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) were treated with an innovative nutriceutical containing sodiumdichloroacetate in a proof-of-principle, pilot, open-label prospective cohort trial. Ten patients experienced significant improvement of their health condition with reduction to almost half of their score in the fatigue severity scale. In twelve patients treatment failed to exert any beneficial effect. In the latter patients several other diseases have commonly been revealed by extensive biological and imaging investigations. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - March 5, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Frank Comhaire Source Type: research
Use of Lactobacillus spp. to Prevent Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections in Females
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common bacterial infections seen in the community, especially amongst females. The widespread use of antibiotics has led to the increased occurrence of E. coli resistant isolates worldwide. A promising non-antibiotic approach is the use of probiotic lactobacilli strains. This paper hypothesizes that Lactobacillus spp. containing products are able to prevent recurrent urinary tract infections in females. Using the keywords [lactobacillus OR lactobacilli OR probiotic] and [urinary tract infection OR UTI OR cystitis], a preliminary search on the PubMed, Ovid, Google Scholar and Cli...
Source: Medical Hypotheses - March 5, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Qin Xiang Ng, Christina Peters, Nandini Venkatanarayanan, Yan Yih Goh, Collin Yih Xian Ho, Wee-Song Yeo Source Type: research
Dual Antithrombotic Plus Adjunctive Antiinflammatory Therapy to Improve Cardiovascular Outcome in Atrial Fibrillation Patients with Concurrent Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Triple-Pathway Strategy
The concurrence of atrial fibrillation and acute coronary syndrome poses a conundrum in the antithrombotic management as intensification of anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy inevitably comes at the price of an increased bleeding risk. Various antithrombotic combinations have been attempted to prevent the recurrent cardiovascular events, however, there has been limited success in effective risk reduction for this high risk population. Given the overarching effect of interleukin 1 β-driven inflammation on the arrhythmogenesis, thrombogenesis, and hypercoagulability, we hypothesize that the triple-pathway strategy (i.e...
Source: Medical Hypotheses - March 1, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Gerald Chi, Adeel Jamil, Miroslav Radulovic, Umer Jamil, Muhammad A. Balouch, Jolanta Marszalek, Zahra Karimi, Seyedmahdi Pahlavani, Mehrian Jafarizade, Husnain Shaukat, Sunny Kumar, Arzu Kalayci Source Type: research
Human chorionic gonadotropin levels of pregnant women can be an indicator of boys with cryptorchidism
An undescended testis (cryptorchidism) is the most common male genital system abnormality of childhood. Etiologically, it is characterized by absence or abnormalities of gubernaculum, decreased intra-abdominal pressure, congenital abnormality of the testis and endocrine abnormalities (hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis) [1]. The anatomic goal of treatment in undescended testis is to reposition the testis to lie freely on the scrotum floor. Some bilateral non-palpable testis cases have high follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, while the FSH levels in others are normal. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - February 27, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Suleyman Aydin, Yakup Baykus, Rulin Deniz Source Type: research
Seminal cell-free DNA molecular profile as a novel diagnostic and prognostic prostate cancer biomarkers
Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) include circulating DNA fragments in human bloodstream originated from apoptotic and/or necrotic cells [1] or actively secreted by cancer cells [2]. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)
Source: Medical Hypotheses - February 26, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: G. Ponti, M. Maccaferri, M. Manfredini, M. Cotugno, G. Pellacani, A. Conti, S. Micali, M. Mandrioli, A. Tomasi Source Type: research
