Visualizing Patterns and Trends of 25 Years of Published Health Literacy Research
The study of health literacy has significantly expanded over the past decade. It represents a dynamic area of inquiry that extends to multiple disciplines. Health literacy emerged as a derivative of literacy and early definitions focused on the ability to read and understand medical instructions and health care information (Parker, Baker, Williams,& Nurss, 1995; Williams et al., 1995). This early work led to a body of research demonstrating that people with low health literacy generally had poorer health outcomes, including lower levels of screening and medication adherence rates (Baker, (Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery)
Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery - October 10, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Philip M. Massey, PhD, MPH Source Type: research
Experiences of Teach-Back in a Telephone Health Service
For clinical encounters to be most effective, patients need to both understand and be able to execute instructions (Badaczewski et al., 2017). “Teach-Back” is a widely recommended communication technique designed to confirm patient understanding (Brega et al., 2015; Schillinger et al., 2003; Shekelle et al., 2013; Sudore& Schillinger, 2009; Volandes& Paasche-Orlow, 2007; Weiss, 2007). It involves iteratively asking the client to summarize or restate the important points in a consultation using their own words. Teach-Back has been shown to be effective in a variety of (Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery)
Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery - October 10, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Suzanne Morony, PhD, MPsych(Org) Source Type: research
Communication Between Health Workers and Ethnic Minorities in Vietnam
Vietnam has made impressive advances during the past 25 years in lowering rates of maternal, child (ie, younger than age 5 years), and infant mortality. A strong political commitment to meeting targets set by the Millennium Development Goals has contributed to this progress (Minh, Oh, Hoat,& Lee, 2016a); however, this country-wide success obscures regional and ethnic inequalities (Ministry of Planning and Investment, 2015; Malqvist, Lincetto, Du, Burgess,& Hoa, 2013). Dien Bien Province (DBP) is a small, mountainous province with a population of about 550,000 (General Statistics (Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery)
Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery - October 10, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Shannon McKinn, MIPH Source Type: research
Use of Recommended Communication Techniques by Diabetes Educators
Diabetes educators are challenged to teach complex psychomotor and conceptual skills in ways that ensure patient comprehension of diabetes self-management. According to national literacy statistics, diabetes educators can expect that 1 in 3 patients has low health literacy, lacking the skills to obtain, understand, or use health information to make decisions about their diabetes (Parker& Ratzan, 2010). Patients with low health literacy have less diabetes knowledge, poorer diabetes self-care, and are at greater risk for diabetes complications (Al Sayah, Majumdar, Williams, Robertson,& (Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery)
Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery - October 10, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Carol J. Howe, PhD, RN, CDE Source Type: research
Four-Stage Procedure for Keratoconus: ICRS Implantation, Corneal Cross-linking, Toric Phakic Intraocular Lens Implantation, and Topography-Guided Photorefractive Keratectomy
Corneal cross-linking (CXL) using riboflavin and ultraviolet-A (UVA) irradiation increases the biomechanical stability of the cornea and halts the progression of keratoconus.1 –8 Nevertheless, patients treated with CXL show minimal improvement inadequate to achieve functional visual acuity in most cases. In patients with low preoperative corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), implantation of an intrastromal corneal ring segment (ICRS) is effective in improving visual, refractive, and keratometric parameters.9–14 However, some patients with keratoconus may benefit from other adjuvant (Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery)
Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery - October 10, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Efekan Coskunseven, MD Source Type: research
Clinical Evaluation of an Extended Depth of Focus Intraocular Lens With the Salzburg Reading Desk
There has been a rapid increase in intermediate distance activities in everyday life, especially due to the increased use of computers and smartphones. This consequently led to the desire for spectacle independence in this distance. Meeting the patients' expectations has been made possible by the principle of monovision or the implantation of multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs).1 –4 To create monovision, one eye is targeted for emmetropia and the other is targeted for near or intermediate distance. However, this principle is not tolerated by everyone and has to be tested prior to surgery. (Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery)
Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery - October 10, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Mary S. A. Attia, MD Source Type: research
Pupil Dynamics Induced by Light Reflex After Posterior Chamber Phakic Intraocular Lens Implantation
LASIK has gained widespread popularity as a safe and effective surgical method for the correction of myopia. However, some restrictions are required for patients with high myopia or thin corneas to avoid the risk of developing kerectasia. The Visian Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) (KS-aquaPORT; STAAR Surgical, Nidau, Switzerland), which is a posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens, has been reported to be effective for the correction of moderate to high ametropia.1,2 These previous studies found that ICL implantation was better than LASIK for almost all of the measurements of safety, (Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery)
Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery - October 10, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Kazuko Totsuka, CO Source Type: research
Comparison of Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss Between Two Femtosecond Laser Platforms and Standard Phacoemulsification
In the past few decades, a surge of new surgical techniques and technologies in cataract surgery has resulted in improvements in visual outcomes.1 Since 2008, femtosecond laser technology has been used to perform early steps of cataract surgery with the creation of capsulotomies, lens fragmentation, astigmatic corneal relaxing incisions, and clear corneal incisions.2 A recent meta-analysis showed that the benefits of femtosecond laser –assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) include a more precise circular capsulotomy, more rapid visual recovery (better corrected distance visual acuity at 1 week), (Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery)
Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery - October 10, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Zaina Al-Mohtaseb, MD Source Type: research
Customized Corneal Cross-linking Using Different UVA Beam Profiles
Corneal cross-linking (CXL) is a novel therapeutic method to stop or slow the progression of keratoconus.1 There is evidence that keratoconus is a localized biomechanical disorder of the cornea.2 Thus, addressing the local disorder instead of the entire cornea could possibly reduce the amount of ultraviolet-A (UVA) energy delivered to the stroma.3 Biomechanical modeling of CXL has shown that selective CXL of the affected zone of the keratoconic cornea instead of CXL of the central 8- to 9-mm diameter zone may result in greater topographic flattening.4,5 This approach is exciting because it (Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery)
Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery - October 10, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Rohit Shetty, MD, PhD Source Type: research
Femtosecond Laser –Assisted Capsulotomy: Histological Comparison of Four Different Laser Platforms
The use of femtosecond laser systems in cataract surgery is increasing worldwide. The exact reproducibility and precision of the laser cuts in the anterior capsule visualized with the scanning systems of the femtosecond lasers and under the operating room microscope suggested that the femtosecond laser –assisted anterior capsulotomy might be more stable than the capsulorhexis in standard cataract surgery. Unfortunately, capsulotomies that macroscopically looked perfectly round were not all free floating and precise microscopical analyses revealed incomplete cutting areas such as adhesions, (Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery)
Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery - October 10, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Fritz H. Hengerer, MD, PhD Source Type: research
Visual Performance With Bifocal and Trifocal Diffractive Intraocular Lenses: A Prospective Three-Armed Randomized Multicenter Clinical Trial
Multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) designs were initially bifocal and were developed to improve uncorrected near visual acuity and to reduce spectacle dependence at near distance.1 –3 More recently, trifocal technology was developed to overcome the limitation of visual function at intermediate distance, an important factor in patient satisfaction outcomes, in particular due to extended computer use and higher patient expectations. Trifocal diffractive-refractive IOLs were de veloped to provide optimized visual acuity for intermediate distance.4–8 Several comparative studies have been conducted (Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery)
Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery - October 10, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Hakan Kaymak, MD Source Type: research
Repair of Irregularly Irregular Astigmatism by Transepithelial Phototherapeutic Keratectomy
In therapeutic refractive surgery, we currently have two excimer laser approaches for correcting corneal irregularities: custom ablation (topography-guided1 or wavefront-guided2) and transepithelial phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK).3 During almost 20 years' experience with custom ablation, it has become apparent that custom ablation is an effective option for “global” irregularities (regularly irregular astigmatism) such as decentration and small optical zone, but performs poorly for “local” irregularities (irregularly irregular astigmatism).1 This has been shown to be due to the (Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery)
Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery - October 10, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Stefano Guglielmetti, MBChB, DA(SA), FCOphth(SA) Source Type: research
Age-Related Changes in Corneal Astigmatism
Corneal astigmatism is common in patients with cataract1 and toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation is an effective way to correct astigmatism.2,3 There is a long-term against-the-rule (ATR) change of corneal astigmatism with aging and it is similar in pseudophakic and phakic eyes,4 which influences long-term outcomes of refractive surgery. Ho et al.5 noted a significant trend toward ATR astigmatism on total corneal astigmatism (calculated by vector summation) of 0.33 diopters (D)/10 years. Hayashi et al.,4 Guan et al.,6 and Oh et al.7 stated an average change in keratometric astigmatism (Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery)
Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery - October 10, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Xu Shao, MD Source Type: research
Accuracy of a New Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Biometer for IOL Power Calculation and Comparison to IOLMaster
Cataract surgery is rapidly shifting toward a refractive procedure. Surgeons have increased patients' expectations by offering intraocular lenses (IOLs) able to correct any kind of refractive error, including presbyopia. This approach requires more accurate measurements of biometric variables for IOL power calculation. For this reason, a large number of manufacturers have entered the optical biometry market. Since the IOLMaster (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany) was first introduced in 1999, several other instruments have been produced for clinical use: the Lenstar LS900 (Haag-Streit, K öniz, (Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery)
Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery - October 10, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Giacomo Savini, MD Source Type: research
Predicting Refractive Surgery Outcome: Machine Learning Approach With Big Data
CONCLUSIONS:</span><p>This model could support clinical decision making and may lead to better individual risk assessment. Expanding the role of machine learning in analyzing big data from refractive surgeries may be of interest.</p><p><b>[<i>J Refract Surg.</i> 2017;33(9):592 –597.]</b></p></div> (Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery)
Source: Journal of Refractive Surgery - September 8, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
