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Literature review of the epidemiology of influenza B disease in 15 countries in the Asia ‐Pacific region
ConclusionEpidemiological data for the two circulating influenza type B lineages remain limited in several countries in the Asia‐Pacific, although the co‐circulation of both lineages was seen in countries where strain surveillance data were available. Mismatches between circulating B lineages and vaccine strains were observed in all countries with available data. The data suggest that a shift from trivalent to quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccines could provide additional benefits by providing broader protection.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses)
Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses - September 1, 2017 Category: Virology Authors: Lance Jennings, Qiu Sue Huang, Ian Barr, Ping ‐Ing Lee, Woo Joo Kim, Philippe Buchy, Melvin Sanicas, Bruce A. Mungall, Jing Chen Tags: Expert Commentary Source Type: research

Resource Utilization and Cost of Influenza Requiring Hospitalization in Canadian Adults: A Study from the Serious Outcomes Surveillance Network of the Canadian Immunization Research Network
ConclusionThe cost of laboratory‐confirmed influenza was higher than previous estimates, driven mostly by length of stay and analyzing only laboratory‐confirmed influenza cases. The true per patient cost of influenza‐related hospitalization has been underestimated and prevention programs should be evaluated in this context.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses)
Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses - September 1, 2017 Category: Virology Authors: Carita Ng, Lingyun Ye, Stephen G Noorduyn, Margaret Hux, Edward Thommes, Ron Goeree, Ardith Ambrose, Melissa K Andrew, Todd Hatchette, Guy Boivin, William Bowie, May ElSherif, Karen Green, Jennie Johnstone, Kevin Katz, Jason Leblanc, Mark Loeb, Donna MacK Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Respiratory syncytial virus evaluation among asymptomatic and symptomatic subjects in a university hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil in the period of 2009 to 2013
This study evaluated the frequency and viral load (VL) of RSV in nasal swab samples of individuals with different risk factors for acquiring infection in a university hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil. We included 196 symptomatic children and their 192 asymptomatic caregivers, 70 symptomatic and 95 asymptomatic HCW, 43 samples from symptomatic HIV positive outpatients and 100 samples of asymptomatic HIV patients in the period of 2009 to 2013. RSV infection was detected in 10.1% (70/696) of samples, 4.4% (17/387) of asymptomatic patients and 17.1% (53/309) from symptomatic patients. (p< 0.0001). The VL of symptomatic patient...
Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses - September 1, 2017 Category: Virology Authors: Luciana Peniche Moreira, Aripuana Sakurada Aranha Watanabe, Clarice Neves Camargo, Thais Boim Melchior, Celso Granato, Nancy Bellei Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Both hemispheric influenza vaccine recommendations would have missed near half of the circulating viruses in Madagascar
ConclusionOur results showed matching with the Northern hemisphere vaccine barely above 50%, even in the more favourable scenario. This suggests that if implemented, routine influenza vaccines would not protect against half of the influenza strains circulating in any epidemic season of Madagascar. We suggest that this limitation in influenza vaccine efficacy deserves greater attention, and should be considered in cost/benefit analyses of national influenza immunization programs.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses)
Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses - September 1, 2017 Category: Virology Authors: Julia Guillebaud, Jean ‐Michel Héraud, Norosoa Harline Razanajatovo, Alicia A. Livinski, Wladimir J. Alonso Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Human Parainfluenza Virus Infection in Severe Acute Respiratory Infection Cases in Beijing, 2014 ‐2016: a Molecular Epidemiological Study
ConclusionsBesides the young children, the elders older than 60 years also showed a relatively high infection rate of HPIVS, which should be given comparable attentions. Moreover, the HPIV‐3 circulating in China undergoes continued evolution, suggesting the potential risk of evolved HPIVs infection should not be overlooked.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses)
Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses - September 1, 2017 Category: Virology Authors: Yang Pan, Yi Zhang, Shi Weixian, Xiaomin Peng, Shujuan Cui, Daitao Zhang, Guilan Lu, Yimeng Liu, Shuangsheng Wu, Peng Yang, Quanyi Wang Tags: Short Article Source Type: research

Epidemiology and Burden of Influenza in the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses)
Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses - September 1, 2017 Category: Virology Authors: Cynthia Lucero ‐Obusan, Patricia L. Schirmer, Aaron Wendelboe, Gina Oda, Mark Holodniy Tags: Short Article Source Type: research

WHO guide on the economic evaluation of influenza vaccination
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses)
Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses - September 1, 2017 Category: Virology Authors: Anthony T Newall, Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk, Philipp Lambach, Raymond Hutubessy Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Rapid changes in serum cytokines and chemokines in response to inactivated influenza vaccination
ConclusionsSerum cytokines changed rapidly following TIV and generally peaked at 24 hours. TIV‐induced reductions in IL‐8 occurred later (44h) and were sustained for 2 weeks. An outlier response coincided with the only moderate side effects to the vaccine. These data suggest that early cytokine/chemokine responses may provide additional insight into the pathogenesis of adverse events and immune reactivity to vaccination.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses)
Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses - September 1, 2017 Category: Virology Authors: Kawsar R. Talaat, Neal A. Halsey, Amber B. Cox, Christian L. Coles, Anna P. Durbin, Amritha Ramakrishnan, Jay H. Bream Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

The antiviral effects of RSV fusion inhibitor, MDT ‐637, on clinical isolates, versus its achievable concentrations in the human respiratory tract and comparison to ribavirin
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses)
Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses - September 1, 2017 Category: Virology Authors: Young ‐In Kim, Rajat Pareek, Ryan Murphy, Lisa Harrison, Eric Farrell, Robert Cook, John DeVincenzo Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Impact of Patient Characteristics and Treatment Procedures on Hospitalisation Cost and Length of Stay in Japanese Patients with Influenza: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach
ConclusionsIn Japan, the economic burden due to influenza related hospitalisations for both children and the elderly is considerable and is further impacted by associated comorbidities, diagnostic tests and procedures that prolong the length of stay.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved (Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses)
Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses - September 1, 2017 Category: Virology Authors: Rosarin Sruamsiri, Sameh Ferchichi, Aur élien Jamotte, Mondher Toumi, Hiroshi Kubo, Jörg Mahlich Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Estimating the burden of seasonal influenza in Spain from surveillance of mild and severe influenza disease, 2010 ‐2016
ConclusionsThe ongoing Spanish influenza surveillance system allowed obtaining crucial information regarding the impact of mild and severe influenza in Spain.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses)
Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses - September 1, 2017 Category: Virology Authors: Jes ús Oliva, Concepción Delgado‐Sanz, Amparo Larrauri, Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Whole genome sequencing and antigenic analysis of the first equine influenza virus identified in Turkey
ConclusionsThe first recorded outbreak of EI in Turkey was caused by an FC2 virus closely related to viruses circulating in Europe. Antigenic and genetic characterisation gave no indication that the current OIE recommendations for EI vaccine composition require modification.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses)
Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses - September 1, 2017 Category: Virology Authors: Jacinta Gahan, Marie Garvey, Sarah Gildea, Gildea G ür, Anil Kagankaya, Ann Cullinane Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

The efficacy of medical masks and respirators against respiratory infection in healthcare workers
ConclusionThe results suggest that the classification of infections into droplet versus airborne transmission is an oversimplification. Most guidelines recommend masks for infections spread by droplets. N95 respirators, as “airborne precautions,” provide superior protection for droplet‐transmitted infections. To ensure the occupational health and safety of healthcare worker, the superiority of respirators in preventing respiratory infections should be reflected in infection control guidelines. (Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses)
Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses - August 30, 2017 Category: Virology Authors: Chandini Raina MacIntyre, Abrar Ahmad Chughtai, Bayzidur Rahman, Yang Peng, Yi Zhang, Holly Seale, Xiaoli Wang, Quanyi Wang Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Estimating and modelling the transmissibility of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus during the 2015 outbreak in the Republic of Korea
ConclusionsOur estimates were in agreement with others from the ROK outbreak, albeit significantly higher than estimates based on other small outbreaks and sporadic cases of MERS‐CoV. The large‐scale outbreak in the ROK was jointly due to the high transmissibility in the healthcare‐associated setting and the Korean culture‐associated contact behaviour. Limiting such behaviour by rapidly identifying and isolating cases and avoiding high‐risk contacts effectively stopped further transmission. (Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses)
Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses - August 17, 2017 Category: Virology Authors: Xu ‐Sheng Zhang, Richard Pebody, Andre Charlett, Daniela Angelis, Paul Birrell, Hunseok Kang, Marc Baguelin, Yoon Hong Choi Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Lineage ‐specific epitope profiles for HPAI H5 pre‐pandemic vaccine selection and evaluation
ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate that our analytical approach to evaluate conserved CD8+ T‐cell epitope prediction in a phylogenetic framework may provide important insights for computational design of vaccine selection and future epitope‐based design. (Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses)
Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses - August 12, 2017 Category: Virology Authors: Xueting Qiu, Venkata R. Duvvuri, Jonathan B. Gubbay, Richard J. Webby, Ghazi Kayali, Justin Bahl Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research