Neoadjuvant palbociclib on ER+ breast cancer (N007): clinical response and EndoPredicts value
In conclusion, effective clinical response was demonstrated by neoadjuvant letrozole in combination with palbociclib. Compared with PEPI, EPclin might be a better parameter to estimate prognosis after neoadjuvant therapy. (Source: Endocrine-Related Cancer)
Source: Endocrine-Related Cancer - January 8, 2018 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Chow, L. W. C., Morita, S., Chow, C. Y. C., Ng, W.-K., Toi, M. Tags: Research Source Type: research
Enhancement of mammary tumour growth by IGFBP-3 involves impaired T cell accumulation
This study aimed to examine how IGFBP-3 promotes tumour growth by influencing the immune tumour microenvironment in healthy and obese mice. Syngeneic EO771 cells, which lack detectable IGFBP-3 expression, were grown as orthotopic tumours in WT and IGFBP-3-null C57BL/6 mice placed on either a control chow or a high-fat diet (HFD), and examined by quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry. In WT mice, increased stromal expression of IGFBP-3 was positively associated with tumour growth, supporting the hypothesis that IGFBP-3 in the microenvironment promotes tumour progression. Examining markers of immune cell subsets, gene ex...
Source: Endocrine-Related Cancer - January 8, 2018 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Scully, T., Scott, C. D., Firth, S. M., Sedger, L. M., Pintar, J. E., Twigg, S. M., Baxter, R. C. Tags: Research Source Type: research
The next step: mechanisms driving adrenocortical carcinoma metastasis
Endocrine tumors have the peculiarity to become clinically evident not only due to symptoms related to space occupation by the growing lesion, similarly to most other tumors, but also, and most often, because of their specific hormonal secretion, which significantly contributes to their pathological burden. Malignant endocrine tumors, in addition, have the ability to produce distant metastases. Here, we critically review the current knowledge about mechanisms and biomarkers characterizing the metastatic process in adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), a rare endocrine malignancy with a high risk of relapse and metastatization ev...
Source: Endocrine-Related Cancer - January 8, 2018 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Lalli, E., Luconi, M. Tags: Review Source Type: research
TSC2 rare germline variants in non-tuberous sclerosis patients with neuroendocrine neoplasias
(Source: Endocrine-Related Cancer)
Source: Endocrine-Related Cancer - January 8, 2018 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Asprino, P. F., Linck, R. D. M., Cesar, J., Freitas, F. P., Koyama, F. C., Riechelmann, R. S. P., Costa, F. P., Hoff, P. M. G., Galante, P. A. F., Meyer, D., Camargo, A. A., Sabbaga, J. Tags: Research Letter Source Type: research
Bortezomib sensitizes thyroid cancer to BRAF inhibitor in vitro and in vivo
In this study, BRAFV600E-bearing TC cells were treated with BRAFV600E inhibitor, Vemurafenib alone or in combination with the proteasome inhibitor, Bortezomib. The combination of both drugs showed synergistic effects as evidenced by cell growth inhibition (P < 0.05), increased G2-phase cell cycle arrest and induced apoptosis (P < 0.05). In our TC xenograft model, the combination of Vemurafenib and Bortezomib significantly reduced tumor size (P < 0.05) and expression of the markers of cell growth and proliferation, Ki-67 and cyclin D1 (P < 0.001), when compared to monotherapy. Further analysis demonstrated that ...
Source: Endocrine-Related Cancer - December 21, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Tsumagari, K., Abd Elmageed, Z. Y., Sholl, A. B., Green, E. A., Sobti, S., Khan, A. R., Kandil, A., Murad, F., Friedlander, P., Boulares, A. H., Kandil, E. Tags: Research Source Type: research
ROS-induced near-homozygous genomes in thyroid cancer
A near-homozygous genome (NHG) is especially seen in a subset of follicular thyroid cancer of the oncocytic type (FTC-OV). An NHG was also observed in the metabolically relatively quiescent cell lines XTC.UC1, a model for FTC-OV, and in FTC-133, -236 and -238, the latter three derived from one single patient with follicular thyroid cancer. FTC-236 subclones showed subtle whole-chromosome differences indicative of sustained reciprocal mitotic missegregations. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger experiments reduced the number of chromosomal missegregations in XTC.UC1 and FTC-236, while pCHK2 was downregulated in these ce...
Source: Endocrine-Related Cancer - December 21, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Corver, W. E., Demmers, J., Oosting, J., Sahraeian, S., Boot, A., Ruano, D., Wezel, T. v., Morreau, H. Tags: Research Source Type: research
Knockdown of BRCA2 enhances cisplatin and cisplatin-induced autophagy in ovarian cancer cells
Clinical implications of the BRCA2 expression level on treatments of ovarian cancer are controversial. Here, we demonstrated that platinum-resistant cancer had a higher percentage of high BRCA2 level (87.5% vs 43.6%, P = 0.001), and that patients with a low BRCA2 level in cancer tissues had longer progression-free survival (with a median time of 28.0 vs 12.0 months, P < 0.001) and platinum-free duration (with a median time of 19.0 vs 5.0 months, P < 0.001) compared with those with a high BRCA2 level. In human ovarian cancer cell lines CAOV-3 and ES-2, cisplatin induced an upregulation of the RAD51 protein, which was ...
Source: Endocrine-Related Cancer - December 18, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Wan, B., Dai, L., Wang, L., Zhang, Y., Huang, H., Qian, G., Yu, T. Tags: Research Source Type: research
A novel model to predict positive prostate biopsy based on serum androgen level
In conclusion, lower %FT predicted a positive prostate biopsy. We constructed a predictive model based on %FT and PSAD, which are easily obtained prior to biopsy. (Source: Endocrine-Related Cancer)
Source: Endocrine-Related Cancer - December 18, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Ujike, T., Uemura, M., Kawashima, A., Nagahara, A., Fujita, K., Miyagawa, Y., Nonomura, N. Tags: Research Source Type: research
Differentiated thyroid cancer: millions spent with no tangible gain?
The incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) has rapidly increased worldwide over the last decades. It is unknown if the increase in diagnosis has been mirrored by an increase in thyroidectomy rates with the concomitant economic impact that this would have on the health care system. DTC and thyroidectomy incidence as well as DTC-specific mortality were modeled using Poisson regression in New South Wales (NSW), Australia per year and by sex. The incidence of 2002 was the point from which the increase in rates was assessed cumulatively over the subsequent decade. The economic burden of potentially avoidable thyroidec...
Source: Endocrine-Related Cancer - December 18, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Furuya-Kanamori, L., Sedrakyan, A., Onitilo, A. A., Bagheri, N., Glasziou, P., Doi, S. A. R. Tags: Research Source Type: research
Nuclear receptor profiling in prostatospheroids and castration-resistant prostate cancer
Nuclear receptors (NRs), which belong to a superfamily of transcription factors and consist of a total of 48 members in humans, govern the expression of genes involved in a board range of developmental, reproductive, metabolic and immunological programs. Given the significant importance of androgen receptor and a few known NRs in the progression of prostate cancer, we surveyed the expression profiles of the entire NR superfamily in three-dimensional cultured prostatospheroids derived from different prostate cancer cell lines and a tumor xenograft model of castration-resistant prostate cancer VCaP-CRPC by quantitative real-...
Source: Endocrine-Related Cancer - December 18, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Wang, Z., Wu, D., Ng, C.-F., Teoh, J. Y.-C., Yu, S., Wang, Y., Chan, F. L. Tags: Research Source Type: research
The induction of myeloma cell death and DNA damage by tetrac, a thyroid hormone derivative
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy in which involvement of the thyroid hormone-integrin αvβ3 pathway was shown, and pharmacologic inhibition of this pathway is a rational approach to disease management. A thyroid hormone derivative, tetraiodothyroacetic acid (tetrac), which inhibits l-thyroxine (T4) and 3,5,3'-triiodo-l-thyronine (T3) binding to αvβ3 integrin, was studied in five MM cell lines and primary bone marrow (BM) MM cells. Tetrac inhibited MM cell proliferation (absolute cell number/viability) and induced caspase-dependent apoptosis (annexin-V/PI and cell cycle). Activation of ...
Source: Endocrine-Related Cancer - December 18, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Cohen, K., Abadi, U., Hercbergs, A., Davis, P. J., Ellis, M., Ashur-Fabian, O. Tags: Research Source Type: research
Chromogranin A as circulating marker for diagnosis and management of neuroendocrine neoplasms: more flaws than fame
Owing to the heterogeneity of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs), the availability of reliable circulating markers is critical for improving diagnostics, prognostic stratification, follow-up and definition of treatment strategy. This review is focused on chromogranin A (CgA), a hydrophilic glycoprotein present in large dense core vesicles of neuroendocrine cells. Despite being long identified as the most useful NEN-related circulating marker, clinical application of CgA is controversial. CgA assays still lack standardization, thus hampering not only clinical management but also the comparison between different analyses. In th...
Source: Endocrine-Related Cancer - December 18, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Marotta, V., Zatelli, M. C., Sciammarella, C., Ambrosio, M. R., Bondanelli, M., Colao, A., Faggiano, A. Tags: Review Source Type: research
Dose-response effects of exercise on insulin among colon cancer survivors
Physical activity is associated with a lower risk of disease recurrence among colon cancer survivors. The pathways through which physical activity may alter disease outcomes are unknown, but may include changes in metabolic growth factors, such as insulin. Between January 2015 and August 2015, 39 stage I–III colon cancer survivors were randomized to one of the three groups: usual care control, 150 min/week of aerobic exercise (low-dose) and 300 min/week of aerobic exercise (high-dose) for six months. The pre-specified key metabolic growth factor outcome was fasting insulin. Insulin resistance was quantified using the...
Source: Endocrine-Related Cancer - December 18, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Brown, J. C., Rickels, M. R., Troxel, A. B., Zemel, B. S., Damjanov, N., Ky, B., Rhim, A. D., Rustgi, A. K., Courneya, K. S., Schmitz, K. H. Tags: Research Source Type: research
Antiandrogen withdrawal syndrome (AAWS) in the treatment of patients with prostate cancer
Antiandrogen withdrawal syndrome is an unpredictable event diagnosed in patients with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer treated with combined androgen blockade therapy. It is defined by prostate-specific antigen value reduction, occasionally associated with a radiological response, that occurs 4–6 weeks after first-generation antiandrogen therapy discontinuation. New-generation hormonal therapies, such as enzalutamide and abiraterone acetate, improved the overall survival in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, and recent trials have also shown the efficacy of abiraterone in hormone-sensitiv...
Source: Endocrine-Related Cancer - December 18, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Leone, G., Tucci, M., Buttigliero, C., Zichi, C., Pignataro, D., Bironzo, P., Vignani, F., Scagliotti, G. V., Di Maio, M. Tags: Review Source Type: research
Acknowledgement to reviewers
(Source: Endocrine-Related Cancer)
Source: Endocrine-Related Cancer - December 18, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Acknowledgement Source Type: research
