Auditory Temporal Processing Skills in Musicians with Dyslexia
The core cognitive difficulty in developmental dyslexia involves phonological processing, but adults and children with dyslexia also have sensory impairments. Impairments in basic auditory processing show particular links with phonological impairments, and recent studies with dyslexic children across languages reveal a relationship between auditory temporal processing and sensitivity to rhythmic timing and speech rhythm. As rhythm is explicit in music, musical training might have a beneficial effect on the auditory perception of acoustic cues to rhythm in dyslexia. Here we took advantage of the presence of musicians with a...
Source: Dyslexia - July 10, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Paula Bishop‐Liebler, Graham Welch, Martina Huss, Jennifer M. Thomson, Usha Goswami Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
The Effects of Automatic Spelling Correction Software on Understanding and Comprehension in Compensated Dyslexia: Improved Recall Following Dictation
Dyslexia is associated with difficulties in language‐specific skills such as spelling, writing and reading; the difficulty in acquiring literacy skills is not a result of low intelligence or the absence of learning opportunity, but these issues will persist throughout life and could affect long‐term education. Writing is a complex process involving many different functions, integrated by the working memory system; people with dyslexia have a working memory deficit, which means that concentration on writing quality may be detrimental to understanding. We confirm impaired working memory in a sample of university students...
Source: Dyslexia - May 1, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Lucy Hiscox, Erika Leonavičiūtė, Trevor Humby Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Dyslexia in Higher Education: Implications for Maths Anxiety, Statistics Anxiety and Psychological Well‐being
This study examined levels of mathematics and statistics anxiety, as well as general mental health amongst undergraduate students with dyslexia (n = 28) and those without dyslexia (n = 71). Students with dyslexia had higher levels of mathematics anxiety relative to those without dyslexia, while statistics anxiety and general mental health were comparable for both reading ability groups. In terms of coping strategies, undergraduates with dyslexia tended to use planning‐based strategies and seek instrumental support more frequently than those without dyslexia. Higher mathematics anxiety was associated with having a...
Source: Dyslexia - May 1, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Julie‐Ann Jordan, Gary McGladdery, Kevin Dyer Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Developmental Dyslexia in Adults: Behavioural Manifestations and Cognitive Correlates
This paper explores the nature of residual literacy and cognitive deficits in self‐reported dyslexic Norwegian adults. The performance of 26 self‐reported dyslexic adults was compared with that of a comparison group of 47 adults with no history of reading or spelling difficulties. Participants completed standardized and experimental measures tapping literacy skills, working memory, phonological awareness and rapid naming. Spelling problems were the most prominent marker of dyslexia in adults, followed by text reading fluency and nonword decoding. Working memory and phoneme awareness explained unique variance in spellin...
Source: Dyslexia - May 1, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Trude Nergård‐Nilssen, Charles Hulme Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
List of Reviewers
(Source: Dyslexia)
Source: Dyslexia - February 3, 2014 Category: Neurology Tags: Acknowledgement to Reviewers Source Type: research
Are Dyslexic Children Sensitive to the Morphological Structure of Words When They Read? The Case of Dyslexic Readers of French
Typically, research has cited a deficient use of word recognition procedures mainly caused by a phonological deficit as the source of dyslexic students' reading difficulties. However, recent studies have shown that morphological processing also plays an important part in reading. In the present study, sensitivity to the morphological structure of words was assessed with a plausibility judgment task, where participants determined which of two pseudo‐words most resembled a real word in French, and with a decomposition task requiring participants to extract the base forms of morphologically complex words. Dyslexic participa...
Source: Dyslexia - February 1, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Rachel Berthiaume, Daniel Daigle Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Predictors of Reading in Urdu: Does Deep Orthography Have an Impact?
The aim of this study was to establish the extent to which rapid automatized naming (RAN) and non‐word repetition (NWR) tasks predict reading fluency and reading accuracy in Urdu. One hundred sixty (8–9 years) children attending two types of schools (Urdu and English medium schools) were distributed into two groups, a control and a reading disability group on the basis of teacher's report. The results confirmed the role of RAN in predicting reading fluency in both groups. The role of NWR as a predictor of accuracy was also confirmed, although the strength of the relationship was modulated by RAN in the reading disabi...
Source: Dyslexia - February 1, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Ammara Farukh, Mila Vulchanova Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
A Perceptual Learning Deficit in Chinese Developmental Dyslexia as Revealed by Visual Texture Discrimination Training
Learning to read involves discriminating between different written forms and establishing connections with phonology and semantics. This process may be partially built upon visual perceptual learning, during which the ability to process the attributes of visual stimuli progressively improves with practice. The present study investigated to what extent Chinese children with developmental dyslexia have deficits in perceptual learning by using a texture discrimination task, in which participants were asked to discriminate the orientation of target bars. Experiment l demonstrated that, when all of the participants started with...
Source: Dyslexia - February 1, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Zhengke Wang, Alice Cheng‐Lai, Yan Song, Laurie Cutting, Yuzheng Jiang, Ou Lin, Xiangzhi Meng, Xiaolin Zhou Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
A Tale of Two Studies on Auditory Training in Children: A Response to the Claim that ‘Discrimination Training of Phonemic Contrasts Enhances Phonological Processing in Mainstream School Children’ by Moore, Rosenberg and Coleman (2005)
In a previous article, Moore, Rosenberg and Coleman (Brain and Language, 2005, 94, 72‐85) reported evidence for significant improvements in phonological awareness in mainstream children following 6 h of exposure to a commercially available phoneme discrimination training programme, but not in a control group. In a follow‐up study, we failed to replicate this finding, despite using an almost identical training programme (Halliday, Taylor, Millward, & Moore, Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2012, 55, 168‐181). This paper directly compares the methods and the results of the two studies, in an effor...
Source: Dyslexia - November 1, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Lorna F. Halliday Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
What are the Early Indicators of Persistent Word Reading Difficulties among Chinese Readers in Elementary Grades?
To identify the indicators of persistent reading difficulties among Chinese readers in early elementary grades, the performance of three groups of Chinese children with different reading trajectories (‘persistent poor word readers’, ‘improved poor word readers’ and ‘skilled word readers’) in reading‐related measures was analysed in a 3‐year longitudinal study. The three groups were classified according to their performance in a standardized Chinese word reading test in Grade 1 and Grade 4. Results of analysis of variance and logistic regression on the reading‐related measures revealed that rapid naming an...
Source: Dyslexia - November 1, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Pui‐sze Yeung, Connie Suk‐han Ho, David Wai‐ock Chan, Kevin Kien‐hoa Chung Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Using Arabic Word Identification Fluency to Monitor First‐grade Reading Progress
This study examined the applicability, reliability and validity of the Arabic version of the curriculum‐based measurement word identification fluency (CBM WIF) measure in Jordanian students. A sample of 75 first‐grade students, 50 average readers and 25 with reading difficulties, were recruited from two public primary schools. Results indicated that the CBM WIF is a reliable, valid and cost‐effective measure. A 15‐week trial demonstrated the effectiveness of using CBM WIF with the first‐grade students. In addition, CBM WIF was a good predictor of grade point average in the native language. Moreover, students who ...
Source: Dyslexia - November 1, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Bashir Abu‐Hamour Tags: Short Report Source Type: research
Parents of Children with Dyslexia: Cognitive, Emotional and Behavioural Profile
Within a dimensional view of reading disorders, it is important to understand the role of environmental factors in determining individual differences in literacy outcome. In the present study, we compared a group of 40 parents of children with dyslexia (PDys) with a group of 40 parents of typically developing children. The two parent groups did not differ in socioeconomic status or nonverbal IQ. Participants were assessed on cognitive (IQ, digit span) and literacy (reading fluency and accuracy) tasks, phonological awareness and verbal fluency measures. Questionnaires addressed reading history, parental distress, family fun...
Source: Dyslexia - November 1, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Paola Bonifacci, Martina Montuschi, Laura Lami, Margaret J. Snowling Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
WISC‐III Cognitive Profiles in Children with Developmental Dyslexia: Specific Cognitive Disability and Diagnostic Utility
This study analysed the usefulness of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Third Edition in identifying specific cognitive impairments that are linked to developmental dyslexia (DD) and the diagnostic utility of the most common profiles in a sample of 100 Portuguese children (50 dyslexic and 50 normal readers) between the ages of 8 and 12 years. Children with DD exhibited significantly lower scores in the Verbal Comprehension Index (except the Vocabulary subtest), Freedom from Distractibility Index (FDI) and Processing Speed Index subtests, with larger effect sizes than normal readers in Information, Arithmetic...
Source: Dyslexia - November 1, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Octávio Moura, Mário R. Simões, Marcelino Pereira Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
The Effectiveness of a 2‐year Supplementary Tutor‐assisted Computerized Intervention on the Reading Development of Beginning Readers at Risk for Reading Difficulties: A Randomized Controlled Trial
This study demonstrates that a well‐implemented tutoring model can serve as a (cost‐)effective complement to the classroom practice for beginning readers. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Dyslexia)
Source: Dyslexia - October 17, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Anne Regtvoort, Haytske Zijlstra, Aryan Leij Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Dyslexia and Early Intervention: What Did We Learn from the Dutch Dyslexia Programme?
Part of the Dutch Dyslexia Programme has been dedicated to early intervention. The question of whether the genetically affected learning mechanism of children who are at familial risk (FR) of developing dyslexia could be influenced by training phoneme awareness and letter–sound associations in the prereading phase was investigated. The rationale was that intervention studies reveal insights about the weaknesses of the learning mechanisms of FR children. In addition, the studies aimed to gather practical insights to be used in the development of a system of early diagnosis and prevention.
Focused on the last period of kin...
Source: Dyslexia - October 17, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Aryan Leij Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
