Comparing Bilingual to Monolingual Learners on English Spelling: A Meta ‐analytic Review
This study reports on a meta‐analysis to examine how bilingual learners compare with English monolingual learners on two English spelling outcomes: real‐word spelling and pseudo‐word spelling. Eighteen studies published in peer‐reviewed journals between 1990 and 2014 were retrieved. The study‐level variables and characteristics (e.g. sample size, study design and research instruments) were coded, and 29 independent effect sizes across the 18 retrieved studies were analysed. We found that bilinguals outperformed monolinguals on real‐word spelling overall and more so in early grades, but monolinguals outperformed...
Source: Dyslexia - April 30, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Jing Zhao, Blanca Quiroz, L. Quentin Dixon, R. Malatesha Joshi Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Comparing Bilingual to Monolingual Learners on English Spelling: A Meta‐analytic Review
This study reports on a meta‐analysis to examine how bilingual learners compare with English monolingual learners on two English spelling outcomes: real‐word spelling and pseudo‐word spelling. Eighteen studies published in peer‐reviewed journals between 1990 and 2014 were retrieved. The study‐level variables and characteristics (e.g. sample size, study design and research instruments) were coded, and 29 independent effect sizes across the 18 retrieved studies were analysed. We found that bilinguals outperformed monolinguals on real‐word spelling overall and more so in early grades, but monolinguals outperformed...
Source: Dyslexia - April 30, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Jing Zhao, Blanca Quiroz, L. Quentin Dixon, R. Malatesha Joshi Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
A Special Font for People with Dyslexia: Does it Work and, if so, why?
This study aims to examine if Dyslexie is indeed more effective than a commonly used sans serif font (Arial) and, if so, whether this can be explained by its relatively large spacing settings. Participants were 39 low‐progress readers who were learning to read in English. They were asked to read four different texts in four different font conditions that were all matched on letter display size (i.e., x‐height), but differed in the degree to which they were matched for spacing settings. Results showed that low‐progress readers performed better (i.e., read 7% more words per minute) in Dyslexie font than in standardly s...
Source: Dyslexia - April 30, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Eva Marinus, Michelle Mostard, Eliane Segers, Teresa M. Schubert, Alison Madelaine, Kevin Wheldall Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Self ‐Reports of Increased Prospective and Retrospective Memory Problems in Adults with Developmental Dyslexia
Short‐term and working memory problems in dyslexia are well‐documented, but other memory domains have received little empirical scrutiny, despite some evidence to suggest that they might be impaired. Prospective memory is memory for delayed intentions, whilst retrospective memory relates to memory for personally experienced past events. To gain an understanding of subjective everyday memory experience, a self‐report measure designed to tap prospective and retrospective memory was administered to 28 adults with dyslexia and 26 IQ‐matched adults without dyslexia. Adults with dyslexia reported experiencing significant...
Source: Dyslexia - April 27, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: James H. Smith ‐Spark, Adam P. Zięcik, Christopher Sterling Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Improvement of the Error ‐detection Mechanism in Adults with Dyslexia Following Reading Acceleration Training
The error‐detection mechanism aids in preventing error repetition during a given task. Electroencephalography demonstrates that error detection involves two event‐related potential components: error‐related and correct‐response negativities (ERN and CRN, respectively). Dyslexia is characterized by slow, inaccurate reading. In particular, individuals with dyslexia have a less active error‐detection mechanism during reading than typical readers. In the current study, we examined whether a reading training programme could improve the ability to recognize words automatically (lexical representations) in adults with d...
Source: Dyslexia - April 12, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Tzipi Horowitz ‐Kraus Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Precursors of Reading Difficulties in Czech and Slovak Children At ‐Risk of Dyslexia
Children with preschool language difficulties are at high risk of literacy problems; however, the nature of the relationship between delayed language development and dyslexia is not understood. Three hundred eight Slovak and Czech children were recruited into three groups: family risk of dyslexia, speech/language difficulties and controls, and were assessed three times from kindergarten until Grade 1. There was a twofold increase in probability of reading problems in each risk group. Precursors of ‘dyslexia’ included difficulties in oral language and code‐related skills (phoneme awareness, letter‐knowledge and rapi...
Source: Dyslexia - April 7, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Kristina Moll, Paul A. Thompson, Marina Mikulajova, Zuzana Jagercikova, Anna Kucharska, Helena Franke, Charles Hulme, Margaret J. Snowling Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Issue Information ‐ Info Page
No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Dyslexia)
Source: Dyslexia - February 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Tags: Issue Information ‐ Info Page Source Type: research
L2 Spelling Errors in Italian Children with Dyslexia
The present study aimed to investigate L2 spelling skills in Italian children by administering an English word dictation task to 13 children with dyslexia (CD), 13 control children (comparable in age, gender, schooling and IQ) and a group of 10 children with an English learning difficulty, but no L1 learning disorder. Patterns of difficulties were examined for accuracy and type of errors, in spelling dictated short and long words (i.e. disyllables and three syllables). Notably, CD were poor in spelling English words. Furthermore, their errors were mainly related with phonological representation of words, as they made more ...
Source: Dyslexia - February 1, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Paola Palladino, Dhebora Cismondo, Marcella Ferrari, Isabella Ballagamba, Cesare Cornoldi Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Issue Information ‐ TOC
No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Dyslexia)
Source: Dyslexia - February 1, 2016 Category: Neurology Tags: Issue Information ‐ TOC Source Type: research
Self‐Reports of Increased Prospective and Retrospective Memory Problems in Adults with Developmental Dyslexia
Short‐term and working memory problems in dyslexia are well‐documented, but other memory domains have received little empirical scrutiny, despite some evidence to suggest that they might be impaired. Prospective memory is memory for delayed intentions, whilst retrospective memory relates to memory for personally experienced past events. To gain an understanding of subjective everyday memory experience, a self‐report measure designed to tap prospective and retrospective memory was administered to 28 adults with dyslexia and 26 IQ‐matched adults without dyslexia. Adults with dyslexia reported experiencing significant...
Source: Dyslexia - January 31, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: James H. Smith‐Spark, Adam P. Zięcik, Christopher Sterling Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Improvement of the Error‐detection Mechanism in Adults with Dyslexia Following Reading Acceleration Training
The error‐detection mechanism aids in preventing error repetition during a given task. Electroencephalography demonstrates that error detection involves two event‐related potential components: error‐related and correct‐response negativities (ERN and CRN, respectively). Dyslexia is characterized by slow, inaccurate reading. In particular, individuals with dyslexia have a less active error‐detection mechanism during reading than typical readers. In the current study, we examined whether a reading training programme could improve the ability to recognize words automatically (lexical representations) in adults with d...
Source: Dyslexia - January 31, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Tzipi Horowitz‐Kraus Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Precursors of Reading Difficulties in Czech and Slovak Children At‐Risk of Dyslexia
Children with preschool language difficulties are at high risk of literacy problems; however, the nature of the relationship between delayed language development and dyslexia is not understood. Three hundred eight Slovak and Czech children were recruited into three groups: family risk of dyslexia, speech/language difficulties and controls, and were assessed three times from kindergarten until Grade 1. There was a twofold increase in probability of reading problems in each risk group. Precursors of ‘dyslexia’ included difficulties in oral language and code‐related skills (phoneme awareness, letter‐knowledge and rapi...
Source: Dyslexia - January 31, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Kristina Moll, Paul A. Thompson, Marina Mikulajova, Zuzana Jagercikova, Anna Kucharska, Helena Franke, Charles Hulme, Margaret J. Snowling Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
List of reviewers
(Source: Dyslexia)
Source: Dyslexia - November 5, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: List of reviewers Source Type: research
Reading Test—Sentence Comprehension: An Adapted Version of Lobrot's Lecture 3 Test for Brazilian Portuguese
Our aim was to analyse the linguistic structure of the Lobrot's Lecture 3 (L3) reading test and to describe the procedure for its adaptation to a Brazilian cultural‐linguistic context. The resulting adapted version is called the Reading Test—Sentence Comprehension [Teste de Leitura: Compreensão de Sentenças (TELCS)] and was developed using the European Portuguese adaptation of L3 as a reference. The present study was conducted in seven steps: (1) classification of the response alternatives of L3 test; (2) adaptation of the original sentences into Brazilian Portuguese; (3) back‐translation; (4) adaptation of the dis...
Source: Dyslexia - November 1, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Douglas Araújo Vilhena, Ana Sucena, São Luís Castro, Ângela Maria Vieira Pinheiro Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Evaluation of the Bangor Dyslexia Test (BDT) for use with Adults
We examined the psychometric properties of the BDT and evaluated its capacity to discriminate between adults with and without dyslexia. A large archival sample of university students with dyslexia (n = 193) and students with no reported literacy difficulties (n = 40) were compared on the BDT as well as on literacy and cognitive measures. Statistical analyses revealed the BDT to be a reliable (α = .72) and valid dyslexia screening tool with the capacity to effectively identify adults at risk of the disorder with an overall classification rate of 94% (sensitivity 96.4% and specificity 82.5%). In addition, higher...
Source: Dyslexia - November 1, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Andrea Elaine Reynolds, Markéta Caravolas Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
