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Optimization of the Enzymolysis Conditions for Scorpion Peptides and Evaluation of its Antitumor Activity
Trypsin, chymotrypsin and elastase were combined to hydrolyze scorpion Buthus marstesii Karsch powders to prepare scorpion peptides (SP). Orthogonal design experiment L16 (44) was used to optimize variables of enzymolysis temperature, time, pH and enzyme concentration. Degree of hydrolysis (DH) and inhibition rate (IR) of A549 cells were selected as analysis indicators. The optimum enzymolysis conditions were determined as follows: enzymolysis temperature 40oC, time 3h, pH 8.5 and enzyme concentration of each 2000U. The anti-tumor activity of SP was determined on a panel of representative cell lines (A549, MCF7 and EC109) ...
Source: Current Signal Transduction Therapy - June 21, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Scorpion Extracts Inhibit Tumor Growth in Esophageal Cancer and Lung Adenocarcinoma
In this study, we first modified the optimal enzymolysis and inactivation technology by imitating gastric and intestinal enzyme, and then investigated the antitumor effect of scorpion extracts both in vitro and in vivo. Our results showed that scorpion alcohol extraction with or without enzymolysis and fermentation could inhibit the cell proliferation of esophageal cancer and lung adenocarcinoma, and tumor growth in S180 tumor burden mice. In addition, the SOD activity increased by scorpion extracts, but MDA content decreased. The scorpion alcohol extracts without fermentation and enzymolysis exert inhibitory effect on the...
Source: Current Signal Transduction Therapy - June 21, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

lncRNA HOTAIR, HOXC11 and HOXC12 Gene Expressions are Upregulated in CaCo2 Cells Treated with P31-43 Toxic Peptide
Celiac disease is one of the most frequent diseases genetically determined, with vast and heterogeneous series of clinical manifestations, interests all ages of life. A gliadin peptide, P31-43, is being able to induce an immune response in patients with CD, mainly by means of IL15 and IL15Ralpha activation has been identified. Recently, 30 genes were identified in the small bowel which are able to control the epithelial cell differentiation and celiac disease pathogenesis. Two regions on the chromosome 2, ITG4/UBE2E3 (2q31.3) and CTLA4/ICOS/CD28 (2q33.2) are in contiguity with HOXD genes, located on chromosome 2q31-32. HOX...
Source: Current Signal Transduction Therapy - June 21, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Water-Soluble Chitosan Enhances Bone Fracture Healing in Rabbit Model
Conclusion: Results showed that ws-chitosan can enhance facture healing in rabbit model, for it could not only increase ALP and calcium concentrations in serum, but also promote the osteoblast differentiation and BMP-2 expression for accelerating the healing process. (Source: Current Signal Transduction Therapy)
Source: Current Signal Transduction Therapy - June 21, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Rare Long-Term Complications Following Pancreaticoduodenectomy: Biliary and Pancreatic Lithiasis
In this study, medical records of patients who underwent PD procedure from 2003 to 2013 in Qilu hospital, Shandong University in China were reviewed retrospectively. Clinical data were collected and statistically analyzed. We found that bile duct stone or pancreatic duct stone occurred in 1.23% patients (6/489), including 4 males and 2 females, with the mean age being 60.6+10.3 years old. The most common symptoms were shivering and fever (6/6, 100%), abdominal pain (4/6, 66.7%), jaundice (3/6, 50.0%) and vomiting (2/6, 33.3%) The mean internal time of onset of symptoms after Whipple procedure was 47.3+27.8 months (9-98). C...
Source: Current Signal Transduction Therapy - June 21, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Therapeutic Indications and Action Mechanisms of Bilirubin: Suggestions from Natural Calculus Bovis
As a pathological product of bovine gallbladder, natural Calculus Bovis (CB) has a long history in Traditional Chinese Medicine to treat many diseases such as: stroke,coma, delirium, epilepsy, encephalitis B, etc. Experimental studies showed that natural CB had effects on central nervous system, cardiovascular system, inflammation, etc. Recent analyses confirmed that bilirubin composed the main proportion of all CB components. Preclinical researches demonstrated that bilirubin had ischemia protection, antiinflammation, anti-cancer, anti-virus, erythropoiesis, anti-pyretic, immune function protection, and cardiovascular eff...
Source: Current Signal Transduction Therapy - June 21, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Clinical Significance of Mesothelin in Pancreatic Cancer
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal cancers and leading cause of cancer related death worldwide. Due to its nonspecific early symptoms, pancreatic cancer is difficult to diagnose before extensive local invasion and distant metastasis. The 5-year survival rate of patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer is less than 5%. Their median survival time is less than 12 months. The molecular mechanisms of pancreatic tumor genesis are poorly understood. Mesothelin is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored cell surface protein, which has been found overexpressed in human pancreatic cancer. The function of mesothelin i...
Source: Current Signal Transduction Therapy - June 21, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Chemoresistance of Cancer Cells: Oncogenic Mutation of the p53 Tumor Suppressor Gene
The mechanism for the chemoresistance of cancer cells is quite complicated. Most of the anti-cancer drugs are known to induce apoptosis in cancer cells, as well as in normal cells, in part by the activation of the p53 pathway. p53 is often referred to as the 'guardian of the genome' and is one of the most investigated tumor suppressor genes. A majority of human tumors harbor p53 mutations which can influence the effect of chemotherapy. Thus pre-therapeutic evaluation of the p53 gene can be extremely informative for patients with diverse malignancies. In this mini review, we introduce a p53 functional analysis sys...
Source: Current Signal Transduction Therapy - June 21, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

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Source: Current Signal Transduction Therapy - June 21, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

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Source: Current Signal Transduction Therapy - June 21, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

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Source: Current Signal Transduction Therapy - December 21, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

The Clinical Significance of Indocyanine Green Excretion Test in Evaluation of Liver Functional Reserve
Post-operative liver failure is the deterioration of liver function following liver resection with high mortality. To assure safe liver treatment, accurate preoperative estimation of the functional reserve is crucial. Although the hepatic functional reserve is generally evaluated by the model for endstage liver disease (MELD) scores and Child-Pugh classification, their accuracy is unsatisfactory. In recent years, indocyanine green（ICG） excretion test is commonly used to examine the kinetics of liver function and possess considerable advantages. ICG, a near-infrared fluorophore, has high uptake and retention in liver. T...
Source: Current Signal Transduction Therapy - December 21, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Endoscopic Ultrasonography: A Novel Management Strategy for Pancreatic Diseases
Pancreas is a retroperitoneally located organ, and thus general CT and MRI have a very limited specificity and sensitivity in diagnosing pancreatic diseases. However, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) with a better differential diagnostic capability of detecting pancreatic morphology and properties through gastric wall has been widely accepted by physicians and become one of the first-line methods compared with other techniques. Currently, common technologies used in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic diseases include EUS-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA), EUS-guided drainage, EUS-guided pancreatic cysts ablati...
Source: Current Signal Transduction Therapy - December 21, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Paeonol Inhibits Migration, Invasion and Bone Adhesion of Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells
Conclusions: The study indicated Pae could suppress bone metastases of SCLC cells and Pae might be a promising medicine for therapy of SCLC bone metastases. (Source: Current Signal Transduction Therapy)
Source: Current Signal Transduction Therapy - December 21, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

In vivo Radiosensitization of Human Glioma U87 Cells Induced by Upregulated Expression of DUSP-2 after Treatment with Curcumin
In conclusion, curcumin significantly increased the radiosensitivity of U87 human glioma cells in vivo. The radiosensitizing effect of curcumin was found to be closely related to its pro-apoptosis activity via enhancement of the DUSP-2 pathway. (Source: Current Signal Transduction Therapy)
Source: Current Signal Transduction Therapy - December 21, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research