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Robust Multi-Scale Superpixel Classification for Optic Cup Localization
As the global leading cause of irreversible blindness, glaucoma is estimated to visually impair 80 million people by 2020 [1]. It is the most prevalent of eye diseases in the United States and around the world. There are approximately 2.2 million diagnosed cases of glaucoma in the United States [2] and 60 million worldwide; however, this figure is significantly underreported due to the slow, asymptomatic progression of the disease, resulting in low disease detection until vision lost sets in. Undiagnosed rates are reported to be nearly 50% in United States and Australia [2] and as high as 90% in Singapore [3,4]. (Source: C...
Source: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics - October 10, 2014 Category: Radiology Authors: Ngan-Meng Tan, Yanwu Xu, Wooi Boon Goh, Jiang Liu Source Type: research

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Source: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics - October 1, 2014 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Towards semantic-driven high-content image analysis: An operational instantiation for mitosis detection in digital histopathology
This study concerns a novel symbolic cognitive vision framework emerged from the Cognitive Microscopy (MICO1) initiative. MICO aims at supporting the evolution towards digital pathology, by studying cognitive clinical-compliant protocols involving routine virtual microscopy. We instantiate this paradigm in the case of mitotic count as a component of breast cancer grading in histopathology. The key concept of our approach is the role of the semantics as driver of the whole slide image analysis protocol. (Source: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics)
Source: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics - September 30, 2014 Category: Radiology Authors: D. Racoceanu, F. Capron Source Type: research

Towards Semantic-Driven High-Content Image Analysis. An Operational Instantiation for Mitosis Detection in Digital Histopathology
This study concerns a novel symbolic cognitive vision framework emerged from the Cognitive Microscopy (MICO1) initiative. MICO aims at supporting the evolution towards digital pathology, by studying cognitive clinical-compliant protocols involving routine virtual microscopy. We instantiate this paradigm in the case of mitotic count as a component of breast cancer grading in histopathology. The key concept of our approach is the role of the semantics as driver of the whole slide image analysis protocol. (Source: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics)
Source: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics - September 30, 2014 Category: Radiology Authors: D. Racoceanu, F. Capron Source Type: research

Segmentation of heterogeneous or small FDG PET positive tissue based on a 3D-Locally Adaptive Random Walk algorithm
Traditionally in oncology, treatments planning in Radiation Therapy (RT) and evaluation of response after a treatment are mainly based on anatomical images such as Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). For RT, one needs to delineate the target volume, also called Gross Tumor Volume (GTV). One of the criteria of response from solid tumor is the unidimentional measurement of the lesion size on CT images [2]. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) with 18 F-2-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) is now also widely used for RT [3] and patient follow-up [4]. (Source: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics)
Source: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics - September 30, 2014 Category: Radiology Authors: D.P. Onoma, S. Ruan, S. Thureau, L. Nkhali, R. Modzelewski, G.A. Monnehan, P. Vera, I. Gardin Source Type: research

Difference of Gaussians revolved along elliptical paths for ultrasound fetal head segmentation
Ultrasound measurements of fetal biometry is a standard method for dating pregnancies and for assessment of fetal growth. Standard biometric measurements include biparietal diameter (BPD), occipito-frontal diameter (OFD), head-circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC), crown-rump length (CRL) and femur length (FL). Based on these measurements, the gestational age and size of the fetus can then be estimated using charts or regression formulae [5,15,8]. In particular, biometrics related to the fetal head, i.e., BPD and HC as shown in Fig. (Source: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics)
Source: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics - September 29, 2014 Category: Radiology Authors: Alessandro Foi, Matteo Maggioni, Antonietta Pepe, Sylvia Rueda, J. Alison Noble, Aris T. Papageorghiou, Jussi Tohka Source Type: research

A simple and accurate method for computer-aided transapical aortic valve replacement
Transapical aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a recent minimally invasive surgical treatment technique for elderly and high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis. In this paper, a simple and accurate image-based method is introduced to aid the intra-operative guidance of TAVR procedure under 2-D X-ray fluoroscopy. (Source: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics)
Source: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics - September 25, 2014 Category: Radiology Authors: Mohamed Esmail Karar, Denis R. Merk, Volkmar Falk, Oliver Burgert Source Type: research

Automating the design of resection guides specific to patient anatomy in knee replacement surgery by enhanced 3D curvature and surface modeling of distal femur shape models
Personalized resection guides (PRG) have been recently proposed in the domain of knee replacement, demonstrating clinical outcome similar or even superior to both manual and navigated interventions. Among the mandatory pre-surgical steps for PRG prototyping, the measurement of clinical landmarks (CL) on the bony surfaces is recognized as a key issue due to lack of standardized methodologies, operator-dependent variability and time expenditure. In this paper, we focus on the reliability and repeatability of an anterior-posterior axis, also known as Whiteside line (WL), of the distal femur proposing automatic surface process...
Source: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics - September 15, 2014 Category: Radiology Authors: Pietro Cerveri, Alfonso Manzotti, Norberto Confalonieri, Guido Baroni Source Type: research

Computational fluid dynamics in coronary artery disease
Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in advanced countries and its prevalence is increasing in developing countries. Coronary artery disease is responsible for 7.3 million deaths and 58 million disability-adjusted life years lost worldwide [1]. Despite its large socio-economic impact, the underlying mechanisms of coronary artery disease are only partially understood. It is generally accepted that coronary artery disease is an inflammatory disease with lipid deposition in the arterial wall as an initial stage of atherosclerosis [2–5]. (Source: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics)
Source: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics - September 15, 2014 Category: Radiology Authors: Zhonghua Sun, Lei Xu Source Type: research

Vision-based endoscope tracking for 3D ultrasound image-guided surgical navigation
This work is motivated by the clinical need for surgical navigation in minimally invasive fetal surgery, as well as the operational limitations of existing techniques. One example of minimally invasive fetal surgery is the treatment of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) [1]. This condition is life-threatening and must be treated before birth, typically between 17-26 weeks of gestation [2,3]. To minimize medical complications from a large uterine incision, minimally invasive fetal endoscopic surgeries have been introduced [4,5]. (Source: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics)
Source: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics - September 14, 2014 Category: Radiology Authors: L. Yang, J. Wang, T. Ando, A. Kubota, H. Yamashita, I. Sakuma, T. Chiba, E. Kobayashi Source Type: research

Biomedical image segmentation using geometric deformable models and metaheuristics
This paper describes a hybrid level set approach for medical image segmentation. This new geometric deformable model combines region- and edge-based information with the prior shape knowledge introduced using deformable registration. Our proposal consists of two phases: training and test. The former implies the learning of the level set parameters by means of a Genetic Algorithm, while the latter is the proper segmentation, where another metaheuristic, in this case Scatter Search, derives the shape prior. (Source: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics)
Source: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics - September 11, 2014 Category: Radiology Authors: Pablo Mesejo, Andrea Valsecchi, Linda Marrakchi-Kacem, Stefano Cagnoni, Sergio Damas Source Type: research

A Robust and Real-Time Vascular Intervention Simulation Based on Kirchhoff Elastic Rod
Vascular intervention has been widely used all over the world for its smaller incisions, less blood loss, decreased pain and quicker recovery of patients [1]. However, a big challenge in vascular intervention is to develop inexperienced interns’ operation skills through a safe and low-cost training. Traditionally, vascular intervention skills of interns were developed by using animals, human phantoms or even actual patients. However, each of these ways has its own limitations [20,22]. Animal cannot be considered as a good replacement of human body due to the anatomical differences of vascular networks. (Source: Computeri...
Source: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics - September 5, 2014 Category: Radiology Authors: Maisheng Luo, Hongzhi Xie, Le Xie, Ping Cai, Lixu Gu Source Type: research

Biomedical image segmentation using geometric deformable models and metaheuristics
This paper describes a hybrid level set approach for medical image segmentation. This new geometric deformable model combines region- and edge-based information with the prior shape knowledge introduced using deformable registration. Our proposal consists of two phases: training and test. The former implies the learning of the level set parameters by means of a Genetic Algorithm, while the latter is the proper segmentation, where another metaheuristic, in this case Scatter Search, derives the shape prior. (Source: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics)
Source: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics - September 2, 2014 Category: Radiology Authors: Pablo Mesejo, Andrea Valsecchi, Linda Marrakchi-Kacem, Stefano Cagnoni, Sergio Damas Source Type: research

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Source: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics - September 1, 2014 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Markerless monocular tracking system for guided external eye surgery
This paper presents a novel markerless monocular tracking system aimed at guiding ophthalmologists during external eye surgery. This new tracking system performs a very accurate tracking of the eye by detecting invariant points using only textures that are present in the sclera, i.e., without using traditional features like the pupil and/or cornea reflections, which remain partially or totally occluded in most surgeries. Two known algorithms that compute invariant points and correspondences between pairs of images were implemented in our system: Scalable Invariant Feature Transforms (SIFT) and Speed Up Robust Features (SUR...
Source: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics - August 22, 2014 Category: Radiology Authors: C. Monserrat, M.J. Rupérez, M. Alcañiz, J. Mataix Source Type: research