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In vitro evaluation of a new drug combination against clinical isolates belonging to the Mycobacterium abscessus complex
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection)
Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection - August 1, 2014 Category: Microbiology Authors: Shubhra Singh, Nicolas Bouzinbi, Vinita Chaturvedi, Sylvain Godreuil, Laurent Kremer Tags: Research Note ‐ online only Source Type: research

Distinctive intrahepatic characteristics of paediatric and adult pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis C infection
Abstract Mechanisms leading to liver damage in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) are being discussed, but both the immune system and the virus are involved. The aim of this study was to evaluate intrahepatic viral infection, apoptosis and portal and periportal/interface infiltrate in paediatric and adult patients to elucidate the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis C. HCV‐infected, activated caspase‐3+ and TUNEL+ hepatocytes, as well as total, CD4+, CD8+, Foxp3+ and CD20+ lymphocytes infiltrating portal and periportal/interface tracts were evaluated in 27 paediatric and 32 adult liver samples by immunohistochemistry or immunoflu...
Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection - August 1, 2014 Category: Microbiology Authors: P. Valva, M. I. Gismondi, P. C. Casciato, M. Galoppo, C. Lezama, O. Galdame, A. Gadano, M. C. Galoppo, E. Mullen, E. N. De Matteo, M. V. Preciado Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Rectal swab for detection of norovirus by real ‐time PCR: similar sensitivity compared to faecal specimens
Abstract Rapid diagnosis and immediate infection control precautions are cornerstones in the prevention of norovirus outbreaks. However, faecal sampling for norovirus PCR—the standard of care—is time consuming. From 2009 to 2011, parallel faecal and rectal swab samples were consecutively obtained from patients with acute gastroenteritis presenting at our emergency department. In total, 109 complete sample pairs of 108 patients were analysed by specific norovirus real‐time PCR. The sensitivity of real‐time PCR was 97.3% (36/37) for both sampling methods. A rectal swab is a reasonable option for detection of noroviru...
Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection - July 30, 2014 Category: Microbiology Authors: J. A. Sidler, R. K äch, C. Noppen, M. Dangel, M. Battegay, R. Bingisser, O. Dubuis, A. F. Widmer Tags: Research Note Source Type: research

Foodborne transmission of sorbitol ‐fermenting Escherichia coli O157:[H7] via ground beef: an outbreak in northern France, 2011
We describe an outbreak of sorbitol‐fermenting E. coli O157:[H7] that occurred in France in 2011. Eighteen cases of paediatric haemolytic uraemic syndrome with symptom onset between 6 June and 15 July 2011 were identified among children aged 6 months to 10 years residing in northern France. A strain of sorbitol‐fermenting E. coli O157:[H7] stx2a eae was isolated from ten cases. Epidemiological, microbiological and trace‐back investigations identified multiply‐contaminated frozen ground beef products bought in a supermarket chain as the outbreak vehicle. Strains with three distinct pulsotypes that were isolated ...
Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection - July 28, 2014 Category: Microbiology Authors: L. A. King, E. Loukiadis, P. Mariani ‐Kurkdjian, S. Haeghebaert, F.‐X. Weill, C. Baliere, S. Ganet, M. Gouali, V. Vaillant, N. Pihier, H. Callon, R. Novo, O. Gaillot, D. Thevenot‐Sergentet, E. Bingen, P. Chaud, H. Valk Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Molecular epidemiology of OXA ‐48‐producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in France
Abstract We characterized 53 OXA‐48‐producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (OXA‐48‐Kp) isolated between 2011 and 2013 in 21 French hospitals. All the isolates were genotyped using MLST and PFGE and the population structure of the species was determined by a nucleotide‐based analysis of the entire K. pneumoniae MLST database. Most of the OXA‐48‐Kp isolates also produced CTX‐M‐15 and remained susceptible to imipenem and meropenem. The isolates were distributed into 20 STs, of which five were dominant (ST15, ST101, ST147, ST395 and ST405). All the OXA‐48‐Kp clustered in the major clade of K. pneumoniae KpI. (...
Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection - July 28, 2014 Category: Microbiology Authors: E. Liapis, A. Pantel, J. Robert, M. ‐H. Nicolas‐Chanoine, L. Cavalié, N. Mee‐Marquet, C. Champs, N. Aissa, C. Eloy, V. Blanc, C. Guyeux, D. Hocquet, J.‐P. Lavigne, X. Bertrand, Tags: Research Note Source Type: research

Staphylococcus caprae bone and joint infections: a re ‐emerging infection?
In this study, we report 25 cases of S. caprae BJI, and we review the 31 cases published in the literature. Molecular techniques and matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry improved the identification of clinically relevant S. caprae strains. In this study, 96% of S. caprae BJIs were localized to the lower limbs, and 88% of the cases involved orthopaedic device infections. S. caprae joint prosthesis infections (JPIs), internal osteosynthesis device infections (I‐ODIs) and BJIs without orthopaedic device infections were recorded in 60%, 28% and 12% of cases, respectively. Ten...
Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection - July 28, 2014 Category: Microbiology Authors: P. Seng, M. Barbe, P. O. Pinelli, F. Gouriet, M. Drancourt, A. Minebois, N. Cellier, C. Lechiche, G. Asencio, J. P. Lavigne, A. Sotto, A. Stein Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Online‐Only Abstracts
(Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection)
Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection - July 25, 2014 Category: Microbiology Tags: Abstracts of Online‐Only Research Note Source Type: research

New epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus infections in the Middle East
Abstract Staphylococcus aureus is a bacterial pathogen that is distributed worldwide and represents an increasing problem, both in hospitals and in the community. Global transmission of methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA) has been the subject of many studies. Determining the incidence of colonization with community‐acquired MRSA in hospitalized patients and outpatients has been the aim of several studies conducted in the Middle East (western Asia). The local epidemiology within countries in this region is changing, owing to the introduction of new strains with the intercontinental exchange of several clones. Sequen...
Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection - July 25, 2014 Category: Microbiology Authors: S. Tokajian Tags: Review Source Type: research

A multicenter prospective trial to asses a new real ‐time polymerase chain reaction for detection of Treponema pallidum, herpes simplex‐1/2 and Haemophilus ducreyi in genital, anal and oropharyngeal ulcers
Abstract Treponema pallidum, herpes simplex virus types 1 or 2 (HSV‐1/2) and Haemophilus ducreyi are sexually transmitted pathogens that can cause genital, anal and oropharyngeal ulcers. Laboratory evaluation of these pathogens in ulcers requires different types of specimens and tests, increasing the risk of improper specimen handling and time lapse until analysis. We sought to develop a new real‐time PCR (TP‐HD‐HSV1/2 PCR) to facilitate the detection of T. pallidum, HSV‐1/2 and H. ducreyi in ulcers. The TP‐HD‐HSV1/2 PCR was tested (i) in a retrospective study on 193 specimens of various clinical origin and...
Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection - July 24, 2014 Category: Microbiology Authors: M. Glatz, N. Juricevic, M. Altwegg, S. Bruisten, P. Komericki, S. Lautenschlager, R. Weber, P. P. Bosshard Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Clinical characteristics of relapses and re‐infections in Clostridium difficile infection
In conclusion, relapse was more likely when infection was caused by PCR ribotypes 017 and 018. (Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection)
Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection - July 18, 2014 Category: Microbiology Authors: J. Kim, M.‐R. Seo, J. O. Kang, Y. Kim, S.‐P. Hong, H. Pai Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Online‐Only Abstracts
(Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection)
Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection - July 16, 2014 Category: Microbiology Tags: Abstracts of Online‐Only Original articles Source Type: research