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What Are the Indications for Prophylactic Embolization of Renal Angiomyolipomas? A Review of the Current Evidence in the Literature
Renal angiomyolipomas (AMLs) are benign tumours that may occur sporadically in the general population or in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex. The concern with AMLs is that of retroperitoneal hemorrhage, which can be fatal. Classically the trigger for prophylactic intervention was thought to be an AML diameter of ≥4 cm. However, this value is largely based on data from case series and heterogeneous retrospective studies. The PICO (patient, intervention, comparison, outcome) paradigm was used to systematically search the Cochrane database, TRIP database, and PubMed. (Source: Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal)
Source: Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal - May 24, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: James W. Ryan, Cormac Farrelly, Tony Geoghegan Tags: Critically Appraised Topic / Évaluation critique Source Type: research

Reform of a Senior Medical Student Radiology Elective Using a Needs Assessment
Designing electives for medical students in diagnostic radiology is challenging due to the lack of available patient care responsibilities as a basis for structure [1]. Compared with other clinical rotations, there are limited opportunities to assess and review patients, write clinical notes, or perform procedures. Rather, students often spend their elective “looking over the shoulders” of residents or attending physicians, which is not a well-received educational activity [2]. In fact, the passive nature of some radiology electives has led students to pursue an elective in the field simply because they believe it is l...
Source: Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal - May 24, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Natasha Larocque, Stefanie Y. Lee, Sandra Monteiro, Karen Finlay Tags: Education and Training / Formation et perfectionnement professionnel Source Type: research

Ultrasound of the Distal Insertions of the Ankle and Foot Tendons With Anatomical Correlation: A Review
The distal insertions of the tendons crossing the ankle as well as the tendons originating in the foot are less well known by radiologists. We review the anatomy and ultrasound appearance of these insertions using our own cadaveric sectioning and dissection. The ultrasound images were correlated with anatomical slices. Occasionally magnetic resonance images were also used for better understanding. Understanding the normal appearance of these tendon insertions is important for diagnosing pathology in this region. (Source: Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal)
Source: Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal - May 15, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Michel De Maeseneer, Hardi Madani, Leon Lenchik, Johan De Mey, Steven Provyn, Maryam Shahabpour Tags: Musculoskeletal Radiology / Radiologies musculo-squelettique Source Type: research

Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents in Kidney Disease: Comprehensive Review and Clinical Practice Guideline Issued by the Canadian Association of Radiologists
Use of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) in renal impairment is controversial, with physician and patient apprehension in acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and dialysis because of concerns regarding nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF). The position that GBCAs are absolutely contraindicated in AKI, CKD stage 4 or 5 (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] (Source: Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal)
Source: Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal - April 27, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Nicola Schieda, Jason I. Blaichman, Andreu F. Costa, Rafael Glikstein, Casey Hurrell, Matthew James, Pejman Jabehdar Maralani, Wael Shabana, An Tang, Anne Tsampalieros, Christian van der Pol, Swapnil Hiremath Tags: Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Formation image de r ésonance magnétique Source Type: research

Endoclip Magnetic Resonance Imaging Screening: A Local Practice Review
Not all endoscopically placed clips (endoclips) are magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compatible. At many institutions, endoclip screening is part of the pre-MRI screening process. Our objective is to determine the contribution of each step of this endoclip screening protocol in determining a patient's endoclip status at our institution. (Source: Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal)
Source: Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal - April 27, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Fabio Accorsi, Alain Lalonde, David A. Leswick Tags: Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Formation image de r ésonance magnétique Source Type: research

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cysts, Cystlike Lesions, and Their Mimickers Around the Knee Joint
While interpreting routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the knee joint, a radiologist may encounter various cystic lesions such as ganglion, synovial, and meniscal cysts, among others. In some cases, MRI may demonstrate cystlike lesions around the knee due to fluid distention of normal bursa and recesses, the diagnosis of which should not be difficult if a radiologist is familiar with their characteristic location and MRI appearance. In addition, there are cyst mimickers such as hematomas, abscesses, vascular lesions, and neoplasms around knee joint that may pose a diagnostic challenge on routine MRI. (Source: Canad...
Source: Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal - April 27, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Sumer N. Shikhare, Poh Lye Paul See, Hong Chou, Abeer Mohamed Al-Riyami, Wilfred C.G. Peh Tags: Musculoskeletal Radiology / Radiologies musculo-squelettique Source Type: research

Mammography Clinical Image Quality and the False Positive Rate in a Canadian Breast Cancer Screening Program
The study sought to determine if mammography quality is associated with the false positive (FP) rate in the Quebec breast cancer screening program in 2004 and  2005. (Source: Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal)
Source: Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal - April 27, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Marie-H élène Guertin, Isabelle Théberge, Hervé Tchala Vignon Zomahoun, Michel-Pierre Dufresne, Éric Pelletier, Jacques Brisson Tags: Thoracic and Cardiac Imaging / Imagerie cardiaque et imagerie thoracique Source Type: research

A Brave New World Without Diagnostic Radiologists? Really?
I believe artificial intelligence is going to be our partner. If we misuse it, it will be a risk. If we use it right, in can be our partner.Masayoshi Son, Japanese economist and businessman (b.  1957) (Source: Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal)
Source: Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal - April 27, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Peter L. Munk Tags: Editorial / Éditorial Source Type: research

Classified Advertising
(Source: Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal)
Source: Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal - April 27, 2018 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Canadian Association of Radiologists White Paper on Artificial Intelligence in Radiology
Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly moving from an experimental phase to an implementation phase in many fields, including medicine. The combination of improved availability of large datasets, increasing computing power, and advances in learning algorithms has created major performance breakthroughs in the development of AI applications. In the last 5  years, AI techniques known as deep learning have delivered rapidly improving performance in image recognition, caption generation, and speech recognition. (Source: Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal)
Source: Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal - April 11, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: An Tang, Roger Tam, Alexandre Cadrin-Ch ênevert, Will Guest, Jaron Chong, Joseph Barfett, Leonid Chepelev, Robyn Cairns, J. Ross Mitchell, Mark D. Cicero, Manuel Gaudreau Poudrette, Jacob L. Jaremko, Caroline Reinhold, Benoit Gallix, Bruce Gray, Raym Gei Tags: Health Policy and Practice / Sant é: politique et pratique médicale Source Type: research

Rare Prostatic Artery Origins and the Importance of Collateral Circulation  in Prostate Artery Embolization: A Pictorial Essay
The variability of pelvic arterial anatomy has led to anatomic descriptions based on cadaveric specimens, computed tomography (CT) angiography, and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) [1 –3]. This has been especially relevant in prostate artery embolization (PAE), an emerging therapy for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) [4–8]. In certain patients, PAE has served as a minimally invasive alternative to more standard surgical option s, such as transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) and open prostatectomy. (Source: Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal)
Source: Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal - February 10, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Shivank Bhatia, Vishal K. Sinha, Osama Abdul-Rahim, Sardis Harward, Govindarajan Narayanan Tags: Vascular and Interventional Radiology / Radiologie vasculaire et radiologie d'intervention Source Type: research

Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Radiological Guide to  Common Postsurgical Failure
This article reviews the surgical technique, expected postsurgical imaging appearance, and imaging findings of common complications after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Understanding of the surgical technique of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and of the normal postsurgical anatomy allows accurate interpretation of imaging findings in cases of insufficient weight loss, weight regain, and postsurgical complications. (Source: Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal)
Source: Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal - February 3, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Fabio Garofalo, Radu Pescarus, Ronald Denis, Henri Atlas, Pierre Garneau, Michel Philie, Karl Sayegh Tags: Abdominal Imaging / Imagerie abdominale Source Type: research