Mind the gap: time to make sure that scientists and practitioners are on the same page
(Source: Annals of Applied Biology)
Source: Annals of Applied Biology - December 15, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: S.R. Leather Tags: EDITORIAL Source Type: research
Detection of Fomitiporia torreyae and Fulviformes umbrinellus by multiplex loop ‐mediated isothermal amplification (mLAMP) for diagnosis of Japanese pear dwarf
Abstract
Japanese pear dwarf, caused by the fungi Fomitiporia torreyae or Fulviformes umbrinellus, is one of the most important diseases affecting Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia var. culta). To diagnose this disease, a multiplex loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (mLAMP) reaction using primer sets designed from the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of F. torreyae and F. umbrinellus was developed. The optimal conditions for simultaneous detection of the two pathogens were investigated. The best results were obtained at a reaction temperature of 65°C and a primer ratio of 1:1.5 (F. torreyae : F....
Source: Annals of Applied Biology - December 14, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: S. Fukuta, H. Nagai, R. Suzuki, Y. Matsumoto, S. Kato, N. Saka, H. Horikawa, S. Kato, N. Miyake Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Characterisation of husk rot in macadamia
This study confirmed that Diaporthe species cause husk rot in macadamia, hence, a rationale for adopting Phomopsis husk rot as the name of the disease is discussed. (Source: Annals of Applied Biology)
Source: Annals of Applied Biology - December 3, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: O.A. Akinsanmi, A. Drenth Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Phosphite uptake and distribution in potato tubers following foliar and postharvest applications of phosphite ‐based fungicides for late blight control
Abstract
Foliar and postharvest applications of phosphite (Phi)‐based fungicides are used to control the oomycete Phytophthora infestans which is responsible for the occurrence of late blight in potatoes. Optimisation of the usage of Phi‐based fungicides for disease control during the growing season and in subsequent storage can lead to improved potato production and processing quality. In order to assess the efficiency of Phi translocation to tubers, following foliar and postharvest treatments of potato crops with the Phi‐based fungicides, the amount of Phi in tubers was determined by a high‐performance ion chroma...
Source: Annals of Applied Biology - November 15, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: T. Borza, R.D. Peters, Y. Wu, A. Schofield, J. Rand, Z. Ganga, K.I. Al ‐Mughrabi, R.H. Coffin, G. Wang‐Pruski Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Searching for wheat resistance to aphids and wheat bulb fly in the historical Watkins and Gediflux wheat collections
Abstract
Insect pests can reduce wheat yield by direct feeding and transmission of plant viruses. Here we report results from laboratory and field phenotyping studies on a wide range of wheat, including landraces from the Watkins collection deriving from before the green revolution, more modern cultivars from the Gediflux collection (north‐western Europe) and modern UK Elite varieties, for resistance to the bird cherry‐oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (Homoptera: Aphididae) and the English grain aphid, Sitobion avenae (Homoptera: Aphididae). A total of 338 lines were screened for R. padi and 340 lines for S. avenae. Field...
Source: Annals of Applied Biology - October 31, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: G.I. Aradottir, J.L. Martin, S.J. Clark, J.A. Pickett, L.E. Smart Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Rice varieties with resistance to multiple races of Magnaporthe oryzae offer opportunities to manage rice blast in Australia
This study was conducted to determine if there was any resistance existing among the rice varieties grown in Australia to M. oryzae isolates from this country that belong to different races. There was a resistant reaction of the variety SHZ‐2 to all the five races of IA‐1, IA‐3, IA‐63, IB‐3 and IB‐59, with a percent disease index (%DI) less than 40. Varieties NTR587, BR‐IRGA‐409, Ceysvoni and Rikuto Norin 20 showed a resistant reaction to races IA‐3, IA‐63, IB‐3 and IB‐59; and the variety Kyeema exhibited a resistant reaction to races IA‐3, IB‐3 and IB‐59. For the races IA‐1 and IB‐59 with...
Source: Annals of Applied Biology - October 31, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: X. Fang, P. Snell, M.J. Barbetti, V. Lanoiselet Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Biospeckle activity in coffee seeds is associated non ‐destructively with seedling quality
Abstract
Seeds age during storage, resulting in a decline in germination and seedling quality. Seed quality tests are important to monitor this decline. However, such tests are usually destructive and require large seed numbers and long time. For coffee seeds the standard germination test and assessment of seedling quality takes 30 days. Biospeckle has been used previously as a non‐destructive optical tool to monitor biological activity in a range of tissues. Biospeckle was applied 3–6 days after imbibition (DAI) to investigate an association with coffee seedling quality after 30 days. Two distinct areas of biospeckle ...
Source: Annals of Applied Biology - October 31, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: P.G. Vivas, L.S. Resende, R.A. Braga Jr, R.M. Guimar ães, R. Azevedo, E.A.A. Silva, P.E. Toorop Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Plant characters related to slug feeding: a re ‐analysis of feeding studies using trait data from botanical databases and literature
Abstract
Slugs feed on some plant species but not on others for reasons that are not yet fully understood. We re‐examined the two largest studies on the preference of Arion lusitanicus for different plant species. Briner & Frank (1998) measured the consumption index of slugs (CIB) based on the dry leaf mass eaten per day per gram of slug mass. Kozlowski & Kozlowska (2009) also measured a consumption index of slugs (CIK) but on the basis of the area eaten per day per gram of slug mass. The two indices showed a moderate positive rank correlation. Briner & Frank (1998) found that slugs preferred annual to perenn...
Source: Annals of Applied Biology - October 31, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: M. Moshgani, H.G.J. Mil, T.J. Jong Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Humic acid differentially improves nitrate kinetics under low ‐ and high‐affinity systems and alters the expression of plasma membrane H+‐ATPases and nitrate transporters in rice
Abstract
Humic acids (HAs) have a major effect on nutrient uptake, metabolism, growth and development in plants. Here, we evaluated the effect of HA pretreatment applied with a nutrient solution on the uptake kinetics of nitrate nitrogen (N‐NO3−) and the metabolism of nitrogen (N) in rice under conditions of high and low NO3− supply. In addition, the kinetic parameters of NO3− uptake, N metabolites, and nitrate transporters (NRTs) and the plasma membrane (PM) H+‐ATPase gene expression were examined. The plants were grown in a growth chamber with modified Hoagland and Arnon solution until 21 days after germinati...
Source: Annals of Applied Biology - October 31, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: O.C.H. Tavares, L.A. Santos, L.M. Ferreira, M.V.L. Sperandio, J.G. da Rocha, A.C. Garc ía, L.B. Dobbss, R.L.L. Berbara, S.R. de Souza, M.S. Fernandes Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Survival of root ‐lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus thornei) after wheat growth in a vertisol is influenced by rate of progressive soil desiccation
Abstract
The root‐lesion nematode (Pratylenchus thornei) is a major pathogen of wheat in the subtropical grain region of eastern Australia. Experiments were conducted to learn whether soil desiccation can account for the rapid fall in peak P. thornei population densities noted in the field after wheat matures. The decline in population densities of P. thornei after growth of wheat was measured on progressive desiccation of soil with roots by fast and slow drying methods. The vertisolic soil of initial moisture content 45% w/w (or matric potential of pF 3.3) was dried in 5% decrements to an air‐dried gravimetric moistur...
Source: Annals of Applied Biology - October 31, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: J.P. Thompson, H.E. Rostad, J.P.M. Whish Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Anthropogenic increase in carbon dioxide modifies plant –insect interactions
We present evidence demonstrating that changes in chemical defences in plants grown under elevated CO2 environment are hormonal regulated and reject the C:N hypothesis. In addition, we discuss current knowledge of the mechanisms that regulate plants defences against insects in elevated CO2 atmospheres. (Source: Annals of Applied Biology)
Source: Annals of Applied Biology - October 28, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: J.A. Zavala, L. Gog, R. Giacometti Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research
Nutritional and phytochemical value of Brassica crops from the agri ‐food perspective
Abstract
Brassica foods are among the top 10 economic crops in the world (i.e. broccoli, kale, cauliflower and Chinese cabbage). These vegetables have been identified as important components of a healthy diet because of their high levels of nutrients and health‐promoting phytochemicals (i.e. phenolics, glucosinolates, vitamins and minerals). Epidemiological studies have shown that increased consumption of Brassica foods is strongly associated with a reduced risk of degenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular disease and immune dysfunction. Nevertheless, the nutritional content and profile in Brassica vegetables have be...
Source: Annals of Applied Biology - October 26, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: M. Francisco, M. Tortosa, M.del Carmen Mart ínez‐Ballesta, P. Velasco, C. García‐Viguera, D.A. Moreno Tags: INVITED PAPER Source Type: research
Diagnostic tests and their application in the management of soil ‐ and water‐borne oomycete pathogen species
Abstract
Oomycete diseases cause significant losses across a broad range of crop and aquaculture commodities worldwide. These losses can be greatly reduced by disease management practices steered by accurate and early diagnoses of pathogen presence. Determinations of disease potential can help guide optimal crop rotation regimes, varietal selections, targeted control measures, harvest timings and crop post‐harvest handling. Pathogen detection prior to infection can also reduce the incidence of disease epidemics. Classical methods for the isolation of oomycete pathogens are normally deployed only after disease symptom app...
Source: Annals of Applied Biology - October 21, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: A.J. Wakeham, T.R. Pettitt Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research
Contents
(Source: Annals of Applied Biology)
Source: Annals of Applied Biology - October 12, 2016 Category: Biology Tags: CONTENTS LIST Source Type: research
Keyword index
(Source: Annals of Applied Biology)
Source: Annals of Applied Biology - October 12, 2016 Category: Biology Tags: KEYWORD INDEX Source Type: research
