American Journal of Orthopsychiatry This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Bullied youth: The impact of bullying through lesbian, gay, and bisexual name calling.
This study examines bullying experiences in a racially and ethnically diverse sample of 3,379 rural elementary-, middle-, and high-school youth. We use latent class analysis to establish clusters of bullying behaviors, including forms of biased-based bullying. The resulting classes are examined to ascertain if and how bullying by biased-based labeling is clustered with other forms of bullying behavior. This analysis identifies 3 classes of youth: youth who experience no bullying victimization, youth who experience social and emotional bullying, and youth who experience all forms of social and physical bullying, including b...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - December 29, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Evans, Caroline B. R.; Chapman, Mimi V. Source Type: research

Being out at school: The implications for school victimization and young adult adjustment.
This study investigates the associations among adolescent disclosure of LGBT status to others at school, school victimization, and young adult psychosocial adjustment using a sample of 245 LGBT young adults (aged 21–25 years, living in California). After accounting for the association between school victimization and later adjustment, being out at high school was associated with positive psychosocial adjustment in young adulthood. Results have significant implications for training of school-based health and mental health providers, education and guidance for parents and caregivers, fostering positive development of LGBT ...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - December 29, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Russell, Stephen T.; Toomey, Russell B.; Ryan, Caitlin; Diaz, Rafael M. Source Type: research

Young adults in conflict: Confident but struggling, networked but disconnected.
This article discusses the conflict the cohort of adults known as the Millennials has been affected by. More specifically this article takes a look at how changes in the economy and society have influenced Millennials and what can be done to promote their well-being and that of future generations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry)
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - December 29, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Authors: McLeigh, Jill D.; Boberiene, Liepa V. Source Type: research

Fifteen years after treatment: A follow-up study of comprehensive vocationally-oriented psychotherapy.
This reprinted article originally appeared in American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 1979, Vol. 49, No. 2, 240–245. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2013-43131-006.) The fourth follow-up study of adolescent delinquent boys treated in a community-based program that combined job placement, remedial education, and psychotherapy indicates that the better overall adjustment of the treated group, compared to untreated controls, is maintained well into adulthood. It reaffirms the importance of developing sound, innovative means of reaching adolescents in crisis, and suggests the value of a fullsc...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - December 29, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Shore, Milton F.; Massimo, Joseph L. Source Type: research

Marking time in the land of plenty: Reflections on mental health in the United States.
This article focuses on reflections on mental health in the United States. This accumulation of wisdom and knowledge from experts inside and outside government has for the most part been ignored or shelved over the years because of revisions, deferrals, impoundments, vetoes, threatened vetoes, reorganizations, budget cuts, inflation, and military demands. Programs such as Head Start, which have been proven successful, have been fighting for survival, and community mental health centers, which in many ways represented a bold, new approach with much creative promise, were threatened with the loss of federal funding in the ea...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - December 29, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Shore, Milton F. Source Type: research

Milt Shore: Editor and advocate.
This editorial pays tribute to former editor, Milton F. Shore, who has for many years been one of Ortho’s most dedicated members. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry)
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - December 29, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Melton, Gary B. Source Type: research

Editing on the edge in Denver, New Orleans, and Williamston—and soon in Dallas and Lincoln, too.
This editorial provides a farewell from the coeditors of the American Journal of Orthopsychiatry. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry)
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - December 29, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Barbarin, Oscar; Melton, Gary B. Source Type: research

Personality disorders in previously detained adolescent females: A prospective study.
This longitudinal study investigated the predictive value of trauma and mental health problems for the development of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) in previously detained women. The participants were 229 detained adolescent females who were assessed for traumatic experiences and mental health problems (mean age = 15.5 years). Three to 6 years later (M = 4.5; SD = 0.6), ASPD and BPD were diagnosed with a semistructured interview. Forty percent of the women had a personality disorder (i.e., ASPD 15.8%, BPD 9.2%, or both ASPD and BPD 15.2%). Posttraumatic stress, depressive s...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - November 24, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Krabbendam, Anne A.; Colins, Olivier F.; Doreleijers, Theo A. H.; van der Molen, Elsa; Beekman, Aartjan T. F.; Vermeiren, Robert R. J. M. Source Type: research

A culturally adapted depression intervention for African American adults experiencing depression: Oh Happy Day.
The purpose of this article is to describe development of a culturally adapted depression intervention (Oh Happy Day Class, OHDC) designed for African American adults experiencing major depressive disorder (MDD). This project included 2 pilot studies testing the feasibility and acceptability of the OHDC and examining short-term effects of the OHDC in reducing symptoms of MDD. The OHDC is a 2.5-hr weekly, culturally specific, cognitive behavioral, group counseling intervention for 12 weeks. Cultural adaptations of the OHDC are based on the ecological validity and culturally sensitive framework, along with an Afrocentric par...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - November 24, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Ward, Earlise C.; Brown, Roger L. Source Type: research

Regional and national differences in stressful life events: The role of cultural factors, economic development, and gender.
The study analyzed differences in the risk of experiencing stressful life events (SLE) according to cultural factors, the level of economic development of the region inhabited, and gender. Information was gathered on the number and nature of SLE experienced by a sample of 604 undergraduates from 3 regions with very different levels of economic development: Madrid (Spain), León (Nicaragua), and Bilwi (Nicaragua). The results indicated a greater risk of experiencing SLE among undergraduates from Nicaragua, but few differences attributed to the undergraduates’ gender or the level of economic development in the region they ...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - October 20, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Vázquez, José Juan; Panadero, Sonia; Martín, Rosa M. Source Type: research

Adoption and guardianship: A moderated mediation analysis of predictors of post-permanency continuity.
This study examined the mediating effects of caregivers’ thoughts about ending an adoption or guardianship, and how this mechanism may be contingent on primordial and bureaucratic factors that child welfare agencies rely on to ensure family continuity after legal permanence. In 2006, a sample of 346 Illinois caregivers who finalized an adoption or guardianship between 1998 and 2002 completed surveys about child behavior problems, the adequacy of financial assistance, and thoughts about maintaining the permanency relationship. Responses were linked to administrative data that tracked continuity of care through 2012. Simpl...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - October 20, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Testa, Mark F.; Snyder, Susan M.; Wu, Qi; Rolock, Nancy; Liao, Minli Source Type: research

Ethnic identity, perceived support, and depressive symptoms among racial minority immigrant-origin adolescents.
Although racial minority immigrant-origin adolescents compose a rapidly growing sector of the U.S. population, few studies have examined the role of contextual factors in mental health among these youth. The present study examined the relationship between ethnic identity and depressive symptoms, the relationship between perceived social support and depressive symptoms, and the relationship between sociodemographic factors (ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status) and depressive symptoms, among a culturally diverse group of adolescents. In addition, the potential moderating role of nativity status (U.S. born vs. foreign...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - October 20, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Tummala-Narra, Pratyusha Source Type: research

Sense of coherence mediates the effect of trauma on the social and emotional functioning of Palestinian health providers.
Palestinian health providers are widely recognized to be at risk of developing trauma. Research has examined the role of sense of coherence (SOC) as a determinant or component of psychological distress in emergency workers. In the current study, we expected that SOC would mediate the relationship between individual health providers’ primary responses to the traumatic environment (as assessed using intrusion and avoidance measures) and the secondary effects suffered in terms of general psychological distress as reflected in levels of anxiety, social dysfunction, and loss of confidence. Participants (N = 218) were recruite...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - September 29, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Veronese, Guido; Pepe, Alessandro Source Type: research

Dialogue as skill: Training a health professions workforce that can talk about race and racism.
We present evidence establishing the need to go beyond training in interview skills that efficiently “extract” relevant cultural and clinical information from patients. This evidence includes concepts from social psychology that include implicit bias, explicit bias, and aversive racism. Aiming to connect the dots of diverse literatures, we believe health professions educators and institutional leaders can play a pivotal role in reducing racial disparities in health care encounters by actively promoting, nurturing, and participating in this dialogue, modeling its value as an indispensable skill and institutional priorit...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - September 29, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Murray-García, Jann L.; Harrell, Steven; García, Jorge A.; Gizzi, Elio; Simms-Mackey, Pamela Source Type: research

Disorganized and controlling patterns of attachment, role reversal, and caregiving helplessness: Links to adolescents’ externalizing problems.
The aim of this study was to investigate longitudinal associations between attachment at early school age and the development of externalizing symptoms in adolescence. The mediating roles of maternal helplessness and role reversal were also examined. Attachment classifications of 136 children (63 boys and 73 girls) and quality of mother–child interactions (role reversal) were observed at ages 5–6 using the separation–reunion procedure (Main & Cassidy, 1988). At age 13, externalizing problems reported by both the adolescent and the mother (Youth Self-Report; Achenbach, 1991), and caregiving helplessness reported by th...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - September 29, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Lecompte, Vanessa; Moss, Ellen Source Type: research