American Journal of Orthopsychiatry This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

The School Readiness of Children Born to Low‐Income, Adolescent Latinas in Miami
Although studies show teenage parenting and low socioeconomic status predict poor child academic performance, limited research has examined relations between teen parenting and children's school readiness within low‐income Latina mothers. In the context of the Miami School Readiness Project, low‐income preschoolers (N = 3,023) attending subsidized child‐care programs were assessed on cognitive, language, and fine motor skills, and parents and teachers reported on children's social skills and behavior concerns. Maternal teenage status at time of birth, maternal education, child attachment, child immigrant generation...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - July 29, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Ana‐Carolina Loyola Briceno, Jessica J. Feyter, Adam Winsler Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

The Normative Environment for Substance Use Among American Indian Students and White Students Attending Schools On or Near Reservations
American Indian and White students who attended the same schools located on or near reservations were surveyed to determine the comparative normative environment for substance use. Descriptive norms increased and student injunctive norms decreased across grade in school. Female students reported higher levels of descriptive norms compared to male students. For marijuana use, a substantial decrease in student injunctive norms occurred between grades 8 and 10. Adult injunctive norms were perceived by female students to be higher than those perceived by male students, particularly among American Indian females. Somewhat surpr...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - July 29, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Randall C. Swaim, Linda R. Stanley, Fred Beauvais Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Children's Adjustment Following Hurricane Katrina: The Role of Primary Caregivers
Hurricane Katrina severely disrupted the lives of many children and families in the central Gulf Coast of the United States. Face‐to‐face interviews with child–caregiver dyads were conducted at approximately 1 year posthurricane (T1) and 6–10 months later (T2). The contribution of several factors—caregiver's self‐reported symptomatology and coping advice and child perceptions of caregiver distress, unavailability, warmth, and caregiver–child conflict—to child‐reported posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and depressive symptoms was examined. Findings provide partial support for the importance of the car...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - July 29, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Virginia Gil‐Rivas, Ryan P. Kilmer Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Trajectories of Psychological Distress Among Low‐Income, Female Survivors of Hurricane Katrina
The purpose of this study was to investigate trajectories of psychological distress among low‐income, primarily unmarried and African American women who survived Hurricane Katrina (N = 386). Data were collected in the year prior to the hurricane as well as approximately 1 and 3 years thereafter. Using Latent Class Growth Analysis (LCGA), we detected 6 distinct trajectory groups. Over half of the participants fit into a trajectory consistent with resilience; that is, they maintained low levels of psychological distress over the course of the study, but experienced an elevation in symptoms at the first predisaster time ...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - July 29, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Sarah R. Lowe, Jean E. Rhodes Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Depression in African American Men: A Review of What We Know and Where We Need to Go From Here
We examined and summarized published research focusing on depression among African American men with the goal of identifying prevalence of depression, risk factors, treatment‐seeking behaviors, and treatment‐seeking barriers. In the use of a systematic review, inclusion criteria were studies focused on depression among African American or Black men, separated analysis by race and gender, and conducted in the United States. Each study was critically reviewed to identify depression prevalence, risk factors, treatment‐seeking behaviors, and barriers. Only 19 empirical studies focusing on depression among African America...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - July 29, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Earlise Ward, Maigenete Mengesha Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

A Meta‐Analytic Study: The Relationship Between Acculturation and Depression Among Asian Americans
Acculturation is an important and popular cultural research variable among specific ethnic populations that is used to explain the process of assimilating into the host culture. Acculturation has often been used to account for psychosocial changes and health outcomes and has been used to explain health disparities among ethnic groups. Using Asian Americans as an illustrative ethnic group, the authors see that researchers have highlighted the influence of acculturation on health outcomes. Some researchers suggest that this relationship is positive, whereas others postulate that the opposite is true. Because of the highly co...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - July 29, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Arpana Gupta, Frederick Leong, Jeffrey C. Valentine, Dericka D. Canada Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Disentangling Immigrant Status in Mental Health: Psychological Protective and Risk Factors Among Latino and Asian American Immigrants
This study aimed to disentangle the psychological mechanisms underlying immigrant status by testing a model of psychological protective and risk factors to predict the mental health prevalence rates among Latino and Asian American immigrants based on secondary analysis of the National Latino and Asian American Study. The first research question examined differences on the set of protective and risk factors between immigrants and their U.S.‐born counterparts and found that immigrants reported higher levels of ethnic identity, family cohesion, native language proficiency, and limited English proficiency than their U.S.‐b...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - July 29, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Frederick Leong, Yong S. Park, Zornitsa Kalibatseva Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Health for All: The Promise of the Affordable Health Care Act for Racially and Ethnically Diverse Populations
(Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry)
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - July 29, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Robin J. Kimbrough‐Melton Tags: The Community Source Type: research

Can Policy Facilitate Human Capital Development? The Critical Role of Student and Family Engagement in Schools
(Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry)
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - July 29, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Liepa V. Boberiene Tags: The Community Source Type: research

When Agnes Met Alzheimer: The Elderly—A Growing Minority in America
(Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry)
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - July 29, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Adeline G. Levine, Murray Levine Tags: The Community Source Type: research

Does Neighborhood Belonging Matter? Examining School and Neighborhood Belonging as Protective Factors for Latino Adolescents
Across many investigations, school belonging has been linked to several positive outcomes among adolescents, including academic success and psychological well‐being. Based on an ecological framework of child development, this study expands on existing research to explore factors that contribute to adolescents' sense of neighborhood as well as school belonging and investigates how belonging in both contexts is related to Latino adolescents' academic and psychological functioning. Participants consisted of 202 Latino adolescents residing in low‐income, urban neighborhoods. Structural equation modeling demonstrated that n...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - July 29, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Laura K. Maurizi, Rosario Ceballo, Quyen Epstein‐Ngo, Kai S. Cortina Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Getting Them Enrolled Is Only Half the Battle: College Success as a Function of Race or Ethnicity, Gender, and Class
This study examines the gender and racial or ethnic gaps in college grades and graduation of a 1999 freshman cohort of students attending 24 selective predominantly White institutions (PWIs) and the factors that account for observed gaps. The study is guided by the question of whether gender, race or ethnicity, and socioeconomic status combine to affect college outcomes or whether they interact so that outcomes are more positive or adverse for one group than another. Gender gaps were observed for Black and Latino students. For Black students, the gender gap in degree attainment widened once sociodemographic factors were co...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - July 29, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Micere Keels Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Contributions of Family Environment and Parenting Processes to Sexual Risk and Substance Use of Rural African American Males: A 4‐Year Longitudinal Analysis
This study sought to identify factors that forecast sexual risk and alcohol or other substance use patterns among 411 rural African American males as they transitioned from middle childhood to late adolescence. In addition, an exploration was undertaken to examine the contribution of both risk and protective factors in distinguishing rural African American males at highest risk for engaging in risky sexual behavior and elevated substance use from those with relatively low risk of engaging in these behaviors. Findings revealed that exposure to negative life events during middle childhood has prognostic significance for rura...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - July 29, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Velma M. Murry, Ronald L. Simons, Leslie G. Simons, Frederick X. Gibbons Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Stress Mitigation to Promote Development of Prosocial Values and School Engagement of Inner‐City Urban African American and Latino Youth
This study tests a developmental–ecological framework of positive and risky development among a sample of young men of color growing up in high‐risk urban environments. African American and Latino adolescent males (148 African American, 193 Latino) were followed from early to late adolescence. Stress in early adolescence was related to school engagement and prosocial values as well as depressive symptoms and problems assessed 2 years later. The role of family and individual protective factors as direct effects and as mitigating the stress–outcome relation were also tested. Stress predicted problem outcomes but not p...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - July 29, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Patrick Tolan, Peter Lovegrove, Eren Clark Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Promotive Peer Contexts of Academic and Social Adjustment Among Rural African American Early Adolescent Boys
This study investigated the social network system of African American early adolescents (N = 237) in rural, low‐wealth schools, specifically in terms of networks with norms strongly favoring effort and achievement. Networks with norms favoring effort and achievement were more likely to be central to the social system at the end of the school year. Subsequent analyses focused on boys (n = 103) and the effects of affiliation in networks with norms that strongly favored effort and achievement. Twenty‐four percent of boys sustained membership in these networks and experienced greater school valuing and likeability, but...
Source: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry - July 29, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Jill V. Hamm, Kerrylin Lambert, Charlotte A. Agger, Thomas W. Farmer Tags: Original Article Source Type: research