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Mathematical mindsets increase student motivation: Evidence from the EEG
Publication date: Available online 26 March 2019Source: Trends in Neuroscience and EducationAuthor(s): Ian Daly, Jake Bourgaize, Alexei VernitskiAbstractMathematical mindset theory suggests learner motivation in mathematics may be increased by opening problems using a set of recommended ideas. However, very little evidence supports this theory.We explore motivation through self-reports while learners attempt problems formulated according to mindset theory and standard problems. We also explore neural correlates of motivation and felt-affect while participants attempt the problems.Notably, we do not tell participants what m...
Source: Trends in Neuroscience and Education - March 27, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Distributed neural efficiency: intelligence and age modulate adaptive allocation of resources in the brain
Publication date: Available online 19 March 2019Source: Trends in Neuroscience and EducationAuthor(s): Kanchna Ramchandran (Source: Trends in Neuroscience and Education)
Source: Trends in Neuroscience and Education - March 20, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Effects of psychosocial stress on the hormonal and affective response in children with Dyslexia
ConclusionThese results suggest a pattern of hypo-activation of the HPA axis to psychosocial stress in children with dyslexia. (Source: Trends in Neuroscience and Education)
Source: Trends in Neuroscience and Education - March 8, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Whole-brain white matter organization, intelligence, and educational attainment
Publication date: Available online 2 March 2019Source: Trends in Neuroscience and EducationAuthor(s): J. Bathelt, G. Scerif, K. Nobre, D.E. AstleAbstractGeneral cognitive ability, sometimes referred to as intelligence, is associated with educational attainment throughout childhood. Most studies that have explored the neural correlates of intelligence in childhood focus on individual brain regions. This analytical approach is designed to identify restricted sets of voxels that overlap across participants. By contrast, we explored the relationship between white matter connectome organization, intelligence, and education. In ...
Source: Trends in Neuroscience and Education - March 4, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

The neural correlates of academic self-concept in adolescence and the relation to making future-oriented academic choices
This study examined the role of brain regions involved in academic self-evaluation in relation to problems with study orientation. For this purpose, 48 participants between ages 14 - 20 years evaluated themselves on academic traits sentences in an fMRI session. In addition, participants completed an orientation to study choice questionnaire, evaluated the importance of academic traits, and completed a reading and shortened IQ test as an index of cognitive performance. Behavioral results showed that academic self-evaluations were a more important predictor for problems with study orientation compared to subjective academic ...
Source: Trends in Neuroscience and Education - February 28, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Modelling predictors of UK undergraduates’ attitudes towards smart drugs
Conclusions: Interventions to reduce smart drug use should focus on attitudinal beliefs around potential harm and safety, as well as emphasizing the debate around unfairness. (Source: Trends in Neuroscience and Education)
Source: Trends in Neuroscience and Education - February 7, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

The Effects of Arts-Integrated Instruction on Memory for Science Content
Publication date: Available online 7 February 2019Source: Trends in Neuroscience and EducationAuthor(s): Mariale M. Hardiman, Ranjini Mahinda JohnBull, Deborah T. Carran, Amy SheltonAbstractStrong correlational evidence suggests that involvement in the arts improves students’ academic outcomes and memory of learning events [1], [2], [3]. It is unclear whether the improved outcomes are the result of general exposure to the arts, the integration of arts into content instruction, the use of effective instructional practices, or a combination of these factors. Moreover, as a growing number of studies suggest that arts-integr...
Source: Trends in Neuroscience and Education - February 7, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Neurobiological Systems in Dyslexia
Publication date: Available online 15 December 2018Source: Trends in Neuroscience and EducationAuthor(s): John R. KershnerAbstractBiological systems-level principles of the genetic landscape underlying the neurobiology of dyslexia provide a novel and heuristic theoretical framework for a new understanding of the disability. Dyslexia may result from reduced neuroplasticity and earlier peak of maturation of the posterior corpus callosum, temporoparietal region of the left hemisphere reading network, and temporoparietal region of the right hemisphere circuitry of attentional networks. This precocious abridgement of a typicall...
Source: Trends in Neuroscience and Education - December 16, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Attention in the heart of intelligence
ConclusionThis body of evidence advocates for training attention as a strategy to promote people's mental capital. Some data to this respect show very exciting results, however, additional research is needed before we determine the nature of most effective interventions. (Source: Trends in Neuroscience and Education)
Source: Trends in Neuroscience and Education - November 30, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Enhancement of inhibitory control in a sample of preschoolers from poor homes after cognitive training in a kindergarten setting: Cognitive and ERP evidence
ConclusionsThese results show: (a) that the implemented intervention modulated the neural resources related to inhibitory control processes, and (b) it is possible to implement portable neural methodologies in school settings to enhance the evaluation of cognitive training interventions by adding an EEG component. (Source: Trends in Neuroscience and Education)
Source: Trends in Neuroscience and Education - November 25, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Attention in the heart of intelligence: Opinion paper
ConclusionThis body of evidence advocates for training attention as a strategy to promote people's mental capital. Some data to this respect show very exciting results, however, additional research is needed before we determine the nature of most effective interventions. (Source: Trends in Neuroscience and Education)
Source: Trends in Neuroscience and Education - November 23, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Modulation of Striatum Based Non-declarative and Medial Temporal Lobe Based Declarative Memory Predicts Academic Achievement at University Level
ConclusionsThe results confirm that these declarative and non-declarative systems interact competitively and that the extent of this competition may have implications for understanding educational attainment. (Source: Trends in Neuroscience and Education)
Source: Trends in Neuroscience and Education - November 17, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Three Pillars of Educational Neuroscience from Three Decades of Literature
Publication date: Available online 15 November 2018Source: Trends in Neuroscience and EducationAuthor(s): Jacob B. Feiler, Maureen E. StabioAbstractAn on-going challenge for educational neuroscience is in defining the field, particularly in relation to the broader fields of education, psychology and neuroscience. The field is rapidly growing; the number of papers published under search terms “neuroscience and education” has skyrocketed in recent decades with various viewpoints debated. As interest expands to teachers, policymakers, and the popular media, the answer to “What is educational neuroscience?” becomes inc...
Source: Trends in Neuroscience and Education - November 16, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

The differential role of verbal and visuospatial working memory in mathematics and reading
ConclusionsOur findings point to the importance of distinguishing between WM modalities in evaluating the relationship between mathematics and reading. (Source: Trends in Neuroscience and Education)
Source: Trends in Neuroscience and Education - October 11, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Relational memory is associated with academic achievement in preadolescent children
This study tested the association between relational memory performance and academic achievement. Preadolescent participants (N = 181; mean age = 8.7 years; 97 females) completed the Kaufman Test of Educational Achievement, 2nd edition (KTEA-II) along with the Mnemonic Similarity Task (MST) and a task designed to assess both spatial relational memory and the resolution of memory for highly similar studied objects. A subset of participants (n = 40) completed an additional spatial reconstruction relational memory task. While performance on the MST and object memory resolution were not significantly associated with ac...
Source: Trends in Neuroscience and Education - October 4, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research