The Value of Cell ‐free DNA for Molecular Pathology
Abstract
Over the past decade, advances in molecular biology and genomics techniques have revolutionized the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. The technological advances in tissue profiling have also been applied to the study of cell‐free nucleic acids, an area of increasing interest for molecular pathology. Cell‐free nucleic acids are released from tumour cells into the surrounding body fluids and can be assayed non‐invasively. The repertoire of genomic alterations in circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) is reflective of primary tumours as well as distant metastatic sites and can be sampled multiple times, thereby overco...
Source: The Journal of Pathology - January 30, 2018 Category: Pathology Authors: Caitlin M Stewart, Prachi D Kothari, Florent Mouliere, Richard Mair, Saira Somnay, Ryma Benayed, Ahmet Zehir, Britta Weigelt, Sarah ‐Jane Dawson, Maria E Arcila, Michael F Berger, Dana WY Tsui Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research
Ultraviolet light and melanoma
The Journal of Pathology,Volume 244, Issue 5, Page 578-585, April 2018. (Source: The Journal of Pathology)
Source: The Journal of Pathology - January 30, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
The value of cell ‐free DNA for molecular pathology
The Journal of Pathology,Volume 244, Issue 5, Page 616-627, April 2018. (Source: The Journal of Pathology)
Source: The Journal of Pathology - January 30, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Ultraviolet light and melanoma
Abstract
Melanoma is a clinically heterogeneous disease and current treatment strategies of the primary tumour are based on pathological criteria alone. In the recent past, several DNA and RNA sequencing studies of primary and advanced melanoma samples have identified unique relationships between somatic mutations, genomic aberrations and the genetic fingerprint of ultraviolet light radiation (UVR). The recurrent patterns of genomic alterations reveal different disease pathways, drug targets and mechanisms limiting drug response. Here we examine the known associations between the molecular categories of melanoma and the mu...
Source: The Journal of Pathology - January 30, 2018 Category: Pathology Authors: Sarah Craig, Charles H. Earnshaw, Amaya Vir ós Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research
Is high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) a reliable precursor for prostate carcinoma? Implications for clonal evolution and early detection strategies
Abstract
High‐grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) is a documented putative precursor lesion for invasive prostate adenocarcinoma. However, the precise mechanisms of the carcinoma's development from HGPIN are unclear. Many studies have attempted a comparative molecular genetic characterisation of HGPIN and its corresponding carcinoma to study this transformation. However, to date, some HGPIN mimickers, such as intraductal carcinoma, which can engage in retrograde colonisation of the prostatic acini in an HGPIN‐like manner, have been described. In this work, we hypothesise that the lesion formerly known as ...
Source: The Journal of Pathology - January 29, 2018 Category: Pathology Authors: Yuri Tolkach, Glen Kristiansen Tags: Perspective Source Type: research
Critical role of rabphilin ‐3A in the pathophysiology of experimental lymphocytic neurohypophysitis
The Journal of Pathology,Volume 244, Issue 4, Page 469-478, April 2018. (Source: The Journal of Pathology)
Source: The Journal of Pathology - January 29, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Is high ‐grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) a reliable precursor for prostate carcinoma? Implications for clonal evolution and early detection strategies
The Journal of Pathology,Volume 244, Issue 4, Page 389-393, April 2018. (Source: The Journal of Pathology)
Source: The Journal of Pathology - January 29, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Critical role of rabphilin ‐3A in the pathophysiology of experimental lymphocytic neurohypophysitis
In conclusion, we suggest that rabphilin‐3A is a pathogenic antigen and that T cells specific for rabphilin‐3A are involved in the pathogenesis of neurohypophysitis in mice. (Source: The Journal of Pathology)
Source: The Journal of Pathology - January 29, 2018 Category: Pathology Authors: Yoshinori Yasuda, Shintaro Iwama, Atsushi Kiyota, Hisakazu Izumida, Kohtaro Nakashima, Naoko Iwata, Yoshihiro Ito, Yoshiaki Morishita, Motomitsu Goto, Hidetaka Suga, Ryoichi Banno, Atsushi Enomoto, Masahide Takahashi, Hiroshi Arima, Yoshihisa Sugimura Tags: Original Paper Source Type: research
The microbiome and cancer
Abstract
Humans coexist with a vast bacterial, fungal, and viral microbiome with which we have coevolved for billions of years. The oncogenic mechanisms of particular bacteria with longstanding epidemiological relationships are increasingly understood at the molecular level. At the same time the arrival of next generation sequencing technology has permitted a thorough exploration of microbiomes such as that of human gut, enabling observation of taxonomic and metabolomic relationships between the microbiome and cancer. These studies have revealed causal mechanisms for both microbes within tumors and microbes in other host n...
Source: The Journal of Pathology - January 27, 2018 Category: Pathology Authors: Brian Goodman, Humphrey Gardner Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research
The microbiome and cancer
The Journal of Pathology,Volume 244, Issue 5, Page 667-676, April 2018. (Source: The Journal of Pathology)
Source: The Journal of Pathology - January 27, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Resident cell lineages are preserved in pulmonary vascular remodeling
Abstract
Pulmonary vascular remodeling is the main pathological hallmark of pulmonary hypertension disease. We undertook a comprehensive and multilevel approach to investigate the origin of smooth muscle actin‐expressing cells in remodeled vessels. Transgenic mice that allow for specific, inducible and permanent labeling of endothelial (Cdh5‐tdTomato), smooth muscle (Acta2‐, Myh11‐tdTomato), pericyte (Cspg4‐tdTomato) and fibroblast (Pdgfra‐tdTomato) lineages were used to delineate the cellular origins of pulmonary vascular remodeling. Mapping the fate of major lung resident cell types revealed smooth muscle cel...
Source: The Journal of Pathology - January 23, 2018 Category: Pathology Authors: Slaven Crnkovic, Leigh M. Marsh, Elie El Agha, Robert Voswinckel, Bahil Ghanim, Walter Klepetko, Elvira Stacher ‐Priehse, Horst Olschewski, Wilhelm Bloch, Saverio Bellusci, Andrea Olschewski, Grazyna Kwapiszewska Tags: Original Paper Source Type: research
Resident cell lineages are preserved in pulmonary vascular remodeling
The Journal of Pathology,Volume 244, Issue 4, Page 485-498, April 2018. (Source: The Journal of Pathology)
Source: The Journal of Pathology - January 23, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Novel insights into the disease dynamics of B ‐cell lymphomas in the Genomics Era
The Journal of Pathology,Volume 244, Issue 5, Page 598-609, April 2018. (Source: The Journal of Pathology)
Source: The Journal of Pathology - January 23, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Disruption of mammalian SWI/SNF and polycomb complexes in human sarcomas: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities
The Journal of Pathology,Volume 244, Issue 5, Page 638-649, April 2018. (Source: The Journal of Pathology)
Source: The Journal of Pathology - January 23, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Disruption of mammalian SWI/SNF and Polycomb complexes in human sarcomas: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities
Abstract
Soft‐tissue sarcomas are increasingly characterized and subclassified by genetic abnormalities that represent underlying drivers of their pathology. Hallmark tumor suppressor gene mutations and pathognomonic gene fusions collectively account for approximately one‐third of all sarcomas. These genetic abnormalities most often result in global transcriptional misregulation via disruption of protein regulatory complexes which govern chromatin architecture. Specifically, alterations to mammalian SWI/SNF (mSWI/SNF or BAF) ATP‐dependent chromatin remodeling complexes and Polycomb repressive complexes cause disease...
Source: The Journal of Pathology - January 23, 2018 Category: Pathology Authors: Matthew J. McBride, Cigall Kadoch Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research
