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Editorial Board
Publication date: November 2018Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology, Volume 27Author(s): (Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology)
Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology - November 6, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Publication date: August 2018Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology, Volume 26Author(s): (Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology)
Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology - November 2, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

A Spatial Analysis of Giardiasis and Cryptosporidiosis in Relation to Public Water Supply Distribution in North West England
Publication date: Available online 13 October 2018Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal EpidemiologyAuthor(s): N.F. Reeve, P.J. Diggle, K. Lamden, T. KeeganAbstractGiardia and Cryptosporidium are both waterborne parasites and leading causes of gastroenteritis. Although specimens from diarrhoeic patients are routinely examined for Cryptosporidium, they are often not examined for Giardia so many cases go undiagnosed. Since 2002, all faecal specimens in Central Lancashire have been tested for infection with Giardia and Cryptosporidium. The aim of this paper is to gain insight into the factors contributing to giardiasis and cryp...
Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology - October 14, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Spatial Analysis of the Relative Risk of Suicide for Virginia Counties Incorporating Uncertainty of Variable Estimates
ConclusionsAccounting for uncertainty in parameter estimates achieved better model fit. Efficient allocation of resources for suicide prevention can be attained by targeting clusters of counties with elevated risk. (Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology)
Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology - October 14, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Integration of animal health and public health surveillance sources to exhaustively inform the risk of zoonosis: An application to visceral leishmaniasis data in Brazil
Publication date: Available online 23 September 2018Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal EpidemiologyAuthor(s): R Boaz III, A Corberán-Vallet, A Lawson, FE de Ferreira Lima Junior, L Edel Donato, R Vieira Alves, G Machado, Freire de Carvalho M, Julio Pompei, VJ Del Rio VilasAbstractVisceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a parasitic disease that is endemic in more than 80 countries, and leads to high fatality rates when left untreated. We investigate the relationship of VL cases in dogs and human cases, specifically for evidence of VL in dogs leading to excess cases in humans. We use surveillance data for dogs and humans for the ye...
Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology - October 5, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Distance to HIV care and treatment adherence: Adjusting for socio-demographic and geographical heterogeneity
This study aims to examine the relationship between distance to antiretroviral therapy (ART) prescribing physician and adherence to HIV treatment in British Columbia, Canada. Only participants who provided highly accurate locational data for both place of residence and their physician were used in the analysis. Using logistic regression, a multivariable confounder model was created to assess the association between distance and adherence. A geographically weighted logistic regression was also performed to adjust for spatial dependency. There were 1528 participants in the analysis, for a median distance of 17.85km. The fina...
Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology - September 2, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Using Spatiotemporal Models to Generate Synthetic Data for Public Use
Publication date: Available online 31 August 2018Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal EpidemiologyAuthor(s): Harrison Quick, Lance A. WallerAbstractSummary. When agencies release public-use data, they must be cognizant of the potential risk of disclosure associated with making their data publicly available. This issue is particularly pertinent in disease mapping, where small counts pose both inferential challenges and potential disclosure risks. While the small area estimation, disease mapping, and statistical disclosure limitation literatures are individually robust, there have been few intersections between them. Here, we...
Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology - September 1, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Risk maps for cities: Incorporating streets into geostatistical models
We describe a methodology to transform spatial point data to incorporate permeable barriers, by distorting the map to widen streets, with one additional parameter. We use Gaussian Field models to estimate this additional parameter, and develop risk maps incorporating streets as permeable barriers. We demonstrate our method on simulated datasets and apply it to data on Triatoma infestans, a vector of Chagas disease in Arequipa, Peru. We found that the transformed landscape that best fit the observed pattern of Triatoma infestans infestation, approximately doubled the true Euclidean distance between neighboring houses on dif...
Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology - August 30, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Deep learning for supervised classification of spatial epidemics
Publication date: Available online 29 August 2018Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal EpidemiologyAuthor(s): Carolyn Augusta, Rob Deardonb, Graham TaylorAbstractIn an emerging epidemic, public health officials must move quickly to contain the spread. Information obtained from statistical disease transmission models often informs the development of containment strategies. Inference procedures such as Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo allow researchers to estimate parameters of such models, but are computationally expensive. In this work, we explore supervised statistical and machine learning methods for fast inference via su...
Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology - August 29, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Distance to HIV Care & Treatment Adherence: Adjusting for Socio-Demographic and Geographical Heterogeneity
This study aims to examine the relationship between distance to antiretroviral therapy (ART) prescribing physician and adherence to HIV treatment in British Columbia, Canada. Only participants who provided highly accurate locational data for both place of residence and their physician were used in the analysis. Using logistic regression, a multivariable confounder model was created to assess the association between distance and adherence. A geographically weighted logistic regression was also performed to adjust for spatial dependency. There were 1,528 participants in the analysis, for a median distance of 17.85 km. The fi...
Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology - August 23, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Detecting spatiotemporal clusters of dementia mortality in the United States, 2000–2010
Publication date: November 2018Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology, Volume 27Author(s): Wei Xu, Changshan WuAbstractBased on national death certificate data during 2000 and 2010, we employed the space-time scan statistic to identify spatiotemporal clusters of dementia mortality in the contiguous United States. Results revealed that, for both Alzheimer's disease and all-cause dementia mortality in the total population, the most likely clusters occurred in the Northeast region, with lower than average relative risk. The most likely excess mortality clusters were in the Pacific Northwest and Ohio River Valley and...
Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology - August 9, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Pure spatial and space-time clusters of self-harm in Kwai Tsing 2004 to 2012
Publication date: November 2018Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology, Volume 27Author(s): Ming Leung, Chun-Bong Chow, Pak-Keung Patrick Ip, Siu-Fai Paul Yip (Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology)
Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology - August 4, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Pure Spatial and Space -Time Clusters of Self-harm in Kwai Tsing 2004 to 2012
Publication date: Available online 24 July 2018Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal EpidemiologyAuthor(s): Ming Leung, Chun Bong Chow, Pak-Keung Patrick Ip, Siu-Fai Paul Yip (Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology)
Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology - July 24, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Detecting spatiotemporal clusters of dementia mortality in the United States, 2000-2010
Publication date: Available online 19 July 2018Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal EpidemiologyAuthor(s): Wei Xu, Changshan WuAbstractBased on national death certificate data during 2000 and 2010, we employed the space-time scan statistic to identify spatiotemporal clusters of dementia mortality in the contiguous United States. Results revealed that, for both Alzheimer's disease and all-cause dementia mortality in the total population, the most likely clusters occurred in the Northeast region, with lower than average relative risk. The most likely excess mortality clusters were in the Pacific Northwest and Ohio River Valle...
Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology - July 19, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Longitudinal Impacts of Two Causal Drivers of Alcohol Demand on Outlet Concentrations within Community Settings: Population Size and Income Effects
Publication date: Available online 17 July 2018Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal EpidemiologyAuthor(s): Zhuxuan Jin, Howard H. Chang, William R. Ponicki, Andrew Gaidus, Lance A. Waller, Chris Morrison, Paul J. GruenewaldAbstractWe analyzed counts of licensed bars, restaurants and off-premise alcohol outlets within 53 California cities from 2000-2013. Poisson models were used to assess overall space-time associations between outlet numbers and population size and median household income in local and spatially adjacent block groups. We then separated covariate effects into distinct spatial and temporal components (“decom...
Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology - July 18, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research