Modulation of innate immunity and gene expressions in white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei following long-term starvation and re-feeding
Publication date: 2012 Source:Results in Immunology, Volume 2 Author(s): Yong-Chin Lin , Jiann-Chu Chen , Siti Nursafura C. Man , Wan Zabidii W. Morni , Awangku Shahrir N.A. Suhaili , Sha-Yen Cheng , Chih-Hung Hsu The survival rate, weight loss, immune parameters, resistance against Vibrio alginolyticus and white-spot syndrome virus (WSSV), and expressions of lipopolysaccharide- and ß-glucan-binding protein (LGBP), peroxinectin (PX), prophenoloxidase-activating enzyme (ppA), prophenoloxidase (proPO) I, proPO II, α2-macroglobulin (α2-M), integrin ß, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), cytosolic manganese superoxid...
Source: Results in Immunology - November 6, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Impaired immunomodulatory ability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on CD4+ T cells in aplastic anemia
Publication date: 2012 Source:Results in Immunology, Volume 2 Author(s): Jianping Li , Shihong Lu , Shaoguang Yang , Wen Xing , Jianming Feng , Wenqian Li , Qinjun Zhao , Hao Wu , Meili Ge , Fengxia Ma , Hui Zhao , Bin Liu , Lei Zhang , Yizhou Zheng , Zhong Chao Han Aplastic anemia (AA) is a marrow failure syndrome mediated by aberrant T-cell subsets. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an important role in maintaining immune homeostasis through modulating a variety of immune cells. However, little is known about the immunomodulation potential of bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs) in AA. Here, we reported that BM...
Source: Results in Immunology - November 6, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Detection and characterization of natural and inducible lectins in human serum
This study was performed to detect and characterise the possible occurrence of natural and inducible lectins in human serum by hemagglutination method, wherein, the serum was treated using exogenous elicitors, namely, proteases and detergents. Natural and inducible lectins were detected and characterised in human serum. Untreated serum agglutinated buffalo and rabbit RBC, while serum treated with pronase, trypsin, α-chymotrypsin or SDS for the very first time, agglutinated hen/hen and sheep RBC within 15min in a dosimetric manner. Cross adsorption test revealed that both trypsin and α-chymotrypsin-treated serum showed si...
Source: Results in Immunology - November 6, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Phenotypic and environmental factors associated with elevated autoantibodies at clinical onset of paediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus
Publication date: 2012 Source:Results in Immunology, Volume 2 Author(s): Anne-Louise Ponsonby , Angela Pezic , Fergus J. Cameron , Christine Rodda , Justine A. Ellis , Andrew S. Kemp , John Carlin , Terence Dwyer To examine possible determinants of autoantibody levels at type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) onset. We assessed levels of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 islet cell antigen (GADA) and anti-insulin antibodies (IAA) in 247 incident T1DM cases presenting <15 years of age in Melbourne from 1st March 2008 to 30th June 2010. 58.9% (142/241) of cases were GADA seropositive and 42.3% (94/222) were IAA sero...
Source: Results in Immunology - November 6, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Identification of a histone derived, putative antimicrobial peptide Himanturin from round whip ray Himantura pastinacoides and its phylogenetic significance
Publication date: 2012 Source:Results in Immunology, Volume 2 Author(s): Naveen Sathyan , Rosamma Philip , E.R. Chaithanya , P.R. Anil Kumar , Swapna P. Antony Histone H2A participates in host defense responses by producing antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). The present study deals with identification of a putative antimicrobial sequence, Himanturin from the histone H2A of Round Whip Ray, Himantura pastinacoides. A 204bp fragment encoding 68 amino acid residues was amplified from cDNA of Round Whip Ray, H. pastinacoides. Himanturin exhibited high similarity to previously reported histone H2A derived AMPs indicating th...
Source: Results in Immunology - November 6, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Fas/FasL and perforin–granzyme pathways mediated T cell cytotoxic responses in infectious bursal disease virus infected chickens
In this study, we evaluated the cytotoxic T cell responses involving two independently functioning but complementary mechanisms: Fas–Fas ligand and perforin–granzyme pathways in IBDV-infected chickens. As demonstrated previously, infection of chickens with IBDV was accompanied by influx of CD8+ T cells in the bursa and spleen. There was an upregulation in the gene expression of cytolytic molecules: Fas and Fas ligand (FasL), perforin (PFN) and granzyme-A (Gzm-A) in bursal and in the splenic tissues of IBDV inoculated chickens. Additionally, for the first time, we detected Fas, Fas ligand, Caspase-3 and PFN producing CD...
Source: Results in Immunology - November 6, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
IL-31 does not induce normal human ciliated epithelial cells to differentiate into a phenotype consistent with the pathophysiology of asthma
Conclusions IL-31RA receptor is present on well-differentiated paediatric bronchial epithelial cells. IL-31 does not exhibit any detrimental effects on mucociliary differentiation. IL-31 does not appear to have a synergistic effect when combined in culture with IL-13, in the differentiation process. (Source: Results in Immunology)
Source: Results in Immunology - November 6, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Pre-feeding of a glycolipid binding protein LEC-8 from Caenorhabditis elegans revealed enhanced tolerance to Cry1Ac toxin in Helicoverpa armigera
Publication date: 2012 Source:Results in Immunology, Volume 2 Author(s): Gang Ma , Otto Schmidt , Mike Keller Crystal toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis bind to glycolipids and glycoproteins using two different lectin domains in the toxin protein. Our previous observations suggested that the sequestration of crystal toxin depends on the functional interaction of a toxin lectin with glycolipids. Given the finding that competition of a galectin LEC-8 with Cry5B for binding to glycolipids resulting in reduced Bt toxicity in nematode, it is interesting to explore the role of LEC-8 in insects. Here, we reported that the ...
Source: Results in Immunology - November 6, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Testing for HLA/peptide tetramer-binding to the T cell receptor complex on human T lymphocytes
Publication date: 2012 Source:Results in Immunology, Volume 2 Author(s): Pauline Weder , Ton N.M. Schumacher , Hergen Spits , Rosalie M. Luiten HLA/peptide tetramers are frequently used for ex vivo monitoring of disease- or vaccine-induced T cell immune responses and for T cell epitope identification. However, when low-levels HLA/peptide tetramer-positive T cell populations are encountered, it is difficult to ascertain whether this represents a true T cell receptor (TCR)-mediated interaction or background signal. To address this issue, we have developed a method for both HLA class I and class II tetramer assays to ...
Source: Results in Immunology - November 6, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Expression of RAS-like family members, c-jun and c-myc mRNA levels in neoplastic hemocytes of soft-shell clams Mya arenaria using microsphere-based 8-plex branched DNA assay
This study aims at quantifying Rho-like GTPase, RAS-Rho, RAS-related C3 botulinum (RAS C3), c-jun as well as c-myc transcript levels in clams sampled at North River (Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada). The transcripts were quantified using multiplex gene analysis (Quantigene® 2 Plex, Affymetrix) in 3 groups of clams: (1) Group C (healthy clams considered as control) with a low percentage of tetraploid hemocytes (<10%); (2) Group D (disease in development): individuals presenting a percentage of tetraploid cells ranging between 10% and 50%; (3) Group E (established disease): clams with a high percentage of...
Source: Results in Immunology - November 6, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Antimicrobial peptide gene induction, involvement of Toll and IMD pathways and defense against bacteria in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum
Publication date: 2012 Source:Results in Immunology, Volume 2 Author(s): Kakeru Yokoi , Hiroaki Koyama , Chieka Minakuchi , Toshiharu Tanaka , Ken Miura Using Tribolium castaneum, we quantitatively investigated the induction of nine antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes by live gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Enterobacter cloacae), gram-positive bacteria (Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus subtilis) and the budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Then, five representative AMP genes were selected, and the involvement of the Toll and IMD pathways in their induction by E. coli, M. luteus and S. cerevisiae was...
Source: Results in Immunology - November 6, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Rondonin an antifungal peptide from spider (Acanthoscurria rondoniae) haemolymph
Publication date: 2012 Source:Results in Immunology, Volume 2 Author(s): K.C.T. Riciluca , R.S.R. Sayegh , R.L. Melo , P.I. Silva Jr. Antimicrobial activities were detected in the haemolymph of the spider Acanthoscurrria rondoniae. A novel antifungal peptide, rondonin, was purified by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Rondonin has an amino acid sequence of IIIQYEGHKH and a molecular mass of 1236.776Da. This peptide has identity to a C-terminal fragment of the “d” subunit of haemocyanin from the spiders Eurypelma californicum and Acanthoscurria gomesiana. A synthetic peptide mimicki...
Source: Results in Immunology - November 6, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Hemocyte–hemocyte adhesion and nodulation reactions of the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella are influenced by cholera toxin and its B-subunit
Publication date: 2012 Source:Results in Immunology, Volume 2 Author(s): Jason F. Lapointe , Gary B. Dunphy , Craig A. Mandato Nodulation, the lepidopteran insect immune response to large numbers of microbes in the blood (hemolymph) consists of the coordination of the blood cell (hemocyte) types the granular cells and plasmatocytes in terms of granular cell–bacteria adhesion and hemocyte–hemocyte adhesion (microaggregation). Hemocyte–microbe adhesion is influenced by the secondary messenger, cAMP, and cAMP-dependent protein kinase A. In the present study, cholera toxin, an AB5 protein known to indirectly stimu...
Source: Results in Immunology - November 6, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Leukocyte transcriptome from chickens infected with avian pathogenic Escherichia coli identifies pathways associated with resistance
This study investigated the transcriptomic differences in host responses associated with mild vs. severe pathology, in addition to the effects of vaccination and challenge, thus revealing genes and networks associated with response to APEC and providing a foundation for future studies on, and genetic selection for, genetic resistance to APEC. (Source: Results in Immunology)
Source: Results in Immunology - November 6, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Molecular cloning, sequence analysis and expression of Fein-Penaeidin from the haemocytes of Indian white shrimp Fenneropenaeus indicus
Publication date: 2012 Source:Results in Immunology, Volume 2 Author(s): Baskaralingam Vaseeharan , Sathappan Shanthi , Jiann-Chu Chen , Montserrat Espiñeira Penaeidins are members of a special family of antimicrobial peptide existing in penaeid shrimp and play an important role in the immunological defense of shrimp. Here, we report a penaeidin sequence cloned from the Indian white shrimp Fenneropenaus indicus (Fein-Penaeidin). The Fein-Penaeidin open reading frame encodes a 77 amino acid peptide including a 19 amino acid signal peptide. The deduced amino acid sequences of Fein-Penaeidin include a proline rich N-...
Source: Results in Immunology - November 6, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
