Vehicle and Cargo Scanning for Contraband
Publication date: 2017 Source:Physics Procedia, Volume 90 Author(s): Joseph Bendahan There is a need to inspect vehicles and their contents for Special Nuclear Material (SNM) and general contraband. The most widely used technology for scanning vehicles, ranging from vans and trucks to railcars, is gamma-ray and X-ray radiography. New technologies are required for higher penetration to reduce insufficient penetration alarms, for improved image quality and material discrimination to increase detection at high throughput and to enable scanning fast-moving trains. In most cases, the scanning footprint, which includes the ra...
Source: Physics Procedia - October 26, 2017 Category: Physics Source Type: research
Background-Source Cosmic-Photon Elevation Scaling and Cosmic-Neutron/Photon Date Scaling in MCNP6
Publication date: 2017 Source:Physics Procedia, Volume 90 Author(s): J. Tutt, C. Anderson, G. McKinney Cosmic neutron and photon fluxes are known to scale exponentially with elevation. Consequently, cosmic neutron elevation scaling was implemented for use with the background-source option shortly after its introduction into MCNP6, whereby the neutron flux weight factor was adjusted by the elevation scaling factor when the user-specified elevation differed from the selected background.dat grid-point elevation. At the same time, an elevation scaling factor was suggested for the cosmic photon flux, however, cosmic photon...
Source: Physics Procedia - October 26, 2017 Category: Physics Source Type: research
Delta-ray Production in MCNP 6.2.0
Publication date: 2017 Source:Physics Procedia, Volume 90 Author(s): C. Anderson, G. McKinney, J. Tutt, M. James Secondary electrons in the form of delta-rays, also referred to as knock-on electrons, have been a feature of MCNP for electron and positron transport for over 20 years. While MCNP6 now includes transport for a suite of heavy-ions and charged particles from its integration with MCNPX, the production of delta-rays was still limited to electron and positron transport. In the newest release of MCNP6, version 6.2.0, delta-ray production has now been extended for all energetic charged particles. The basis of th...
Source: Physics Procedia - October 26, 2017 Category: Physics Source Type: research
New Beam Scanning Device for Active Beam Delivery System (BDS) in Proton Therapy
Publication date: 2017 Source:Physics Procedia, Volume 90 Author(s): V. Variale, M. Mastromarco, F. Colamaria, D. Colella A new Beam Delivery System (BDS) has been studied in the framework of a new proton therapy project, called AMIDERHA. It is characterized by an active scanning system for target irradiation with a pencil beam. The project is based on the use of a Linac with variable final energy and the Robotized Patient Positioning System instead of the traditional gantry. As a consequence, in the active BDS of AMIDERHA a pencil beam scanning system with a relatively long Source to Axis Distance (SAD) can be used....
Source: Physics Procedia - October 26, 2017 Category: Physics Source Type: research
A Low-cost Beam Profiler Based On Cerium-doped Silica Fibers
Publication date: 2017 Source:Physics Procedia, Volume 90 Author(s): David Edward Potkins, Saverio Braccini, Konrad Pawel Nesteruk, Tommaso Stefano Carzaniga, Anna Vedda, Norberto Chiodini, Jacob Timmermans, Stephane Melanson, Morgan Patrick Dehnel A beam profiler called the Universal Beam Monitor (UniBEaM) has been developed by D-Pace Inc. (Canada) and the Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics, University of Bern (Switzerland). The device is based on passing 100 to 600 micron cerium-doped optical fibers through a particle beam. Visible scintillation light from the se...
Source: Physics Procedia - October 26, 2017 Category: Physics Source Type: research
Results from a Prototype Proton-CT Head Scanner
Publication date: 2017 Source:Physics Procedia, Volume 90 Author(s): R.P. Johnson, V.A. Bashkirov, G. Coutrakon, V. Giacometti, P. Karbasi, N.T. Karonis, C.E. Ordoñez, M. Pankuch, H.F.-W. Sadrozinski, K.E. Schubert, R.W. Schulte We are exploring low-dose proton radiography and computed tomography (pCT) as techniques to improve the accuracy of proton treatment planning and to provide artifact-free images for verification and adaptive therapy at the time of treatment. Here we report on comprehensive beam test results with our prototype pCT head scanner. The detector system and data acquisition attain a sustaine...
Source: Physics Procedia - October 26, 2017 Category: Physics Source Type: research
Medical Isotope Production at TRIUMF – from Imaging to Treatment
Publication date: 2017 Source:Physics Procedia, Volume 90 Author(s): C. Hoehr, F. Bénard, K. Buckley, J. Crawford, A. Gottberg, V. Hanemaayer, P. Kunz, K. Ladouceur, V. Radchenko, C. Ramogida, A. Robertson, T. Ruth, N. Zacchia, S. Zeisler, P. Schaffer TRIUMF has a long history of medical isotope production. For more than 40 years, the Life Sciences Division at TRIUMF has produced isotopes for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) for the local hospitals. Recently, the division has taken on the challenge to expand the facility's isotope repertoire to isotopes for imaging to treatment. At the smallest cyclotro...
Source: Physics Procedia - October 26, 2017 Category: Physics Source Type: research
A Real-time Image Reconstruction System for Particle Treatment Planning Using Proton Computed Tomography (pCT)
Publication date: 2017 Source:Physics Procedia, Volume 90 Author(s): Caesar E. Ordoñez, Nicholas Karonis, Kirk Duffin, George Coutrakon, Reinhard Schulte, Robert Johnson, Mark Pankuch Proton computed tomography (pCT) is a novel medical imaging modality for mapping the distribution of proton relative stopping power (RSP) in medical objects of interest. Compared to conventional X-ray computed tomography, where range uncertainty margins are around 3.5%, pCT has the potential to provide more accurate measurements to within 1%. This improved efficiency will be beneficial to proton-therapy planning and pre-treatment ve...
Source: Physics Procedia - October 26, 2017 Category: Physics Source Type: research
Integrated Linear-processing Ion-beam Sputtering System Using a Meter-scale Ribbon-beam
We present a system capable of performing linear PVD processing by DC ion beam sputtering, suitable for reactive or high-vacuum deposition of dielectrics, metals, or magnetic materials onto conductive, insulating, or magnetic substrates. This equipment can be installed on a single vacuum flange for mounting on a variety of vacuum systems, but linear flow systems are preferred. Our recently developed ion source can generate ribbon ion beams of high current and low divergence over a wide range of energies, but is optimized for about 1 to 5 keV, and high ion currents of up to 1A per meter breadth; breadths of several meters a...
Source: Physics Procedia - October 26, 2017 Category: Physics Source Type: research
Measuring Surface Bulk Elemental Composition on Venus
Publication date: 2017 Source:Physics Procedia, Volume 90 Author(s): Jeffrey S. Schweitzer, Ann M. Parsons, Jim Grau, David J. Lawrence, Timothy P. McClanahan, Jeffrey Miles, Patrick Peplowski, Luke Perkins, Richard Starr Bulk elemental composition measurements of the subsurface of Venus are challenging because of the extreme surface environment (462 ˚C, 93 bars pressure). Instruments provided by landed probes on the surface of Venus must therefore be enclosed in a pressure vessel. The high surface temperatures require a thermal control system that keeps the instrumentation and electronics within their operatin...
Source: Physics Procedia - October 26, 2017 Category: Physics Source Type: research
Superconducting RF Linacs Driving Subcritical Reactors for Profitable Disposition of Surplus Weapons-grade Plutonium
Publication date: 2017 Source:Physics Procedia, Volume 90 Author(s): Mary Anne Cummings, Rolland Johnson Acceptable capital and operating costs of high-power proton accelerators suitable for profitable commercial electric-power and process-heat applications have been demonstrated. However, studies have pointed out that even a few hundred trips of an accelerator lasting a few seconds would lead to unacceptable thermal stresses as each trip causes fission to be turned off in solid fuel structures found in conventional reactors. The newest designs based on the GEM*STAR concept take such trips in stride by using molten-sal...
Source: Physics Procedia - October 26, 2017 Category: Physics Source Type: research
Characterization of a 6 MeV Accelerator Driven Mixed Neutron/Photon Source
This study was concerned with the determination of photon and neutron fluxes generated by the interaction of a 6 MeV linear electron accelerator driven photon beam with a beryllium photoneutron converter. The double step procedure of an (e,γ) reaction followed by an (γ,n) emission results in a mixed radiation environment. The optimal converter geometry was determined by comparison of the computed neutron fluxes for each converter position. Computational results have shown that photon fluxes up to 1011 photons/cm2/s and neutron fluxes up to 107 neutrons/cm2/s are achievable with the optimal setup. This paper is focused on...
Source: Physics Procedia - October 26, 2017 Category: Physics Source Type: research
Terbium Radionuclides for Theranostics Applications: A Focus On MEDICIS-PROMED
Publication date: 2017 Source:Physics Procedia, Volume 90 Author(s): R. Formento Cavaier, F. Haddad, T. Sounalet, T. Stora, I. Zahi A new facility, named CERN-MEDICIS, is under construction at CERN to produce radionuclides for medical applications. In parallel, the MEDICIS-PROMED, a Marie Sklodowska-Curie innovative training network of the Horizon 2020 European Commission‘s program, is being coordinated by CERN to train young scientists on the production and use of innovative radionuclides and develop a network of experts within Europe. One program within MEDICIS-PROMED is to determine the feasibility of producing...
Source: Physics Procedia - October 26, 2017 Category: Physics Source Type: research
X-ray Scattering in the Shielding of Industrial Irradiation Facilities
Publication date: 2017 Source:Physics Procedia, Volume 90 Author(s): Marshall R. Cleland, Richard A. Galloway, Dylan F. Brown When high-energy X-ray photons impinge on thick shields, most of the incident energy is absorbed in the shielding material, but some of it is deflected sideways or backward into the treatment room. This effect is important in facilities that have openings in the shields to allow the passage of products through the irradiation zone or mazes to provide access into this zone for operating personnel. Multiple scattering events in these openings can reduce the energies of the photons and the dose ra...
Source: Physics Procedia - October 26, 2017 Category: Physics Source Type: research
Main Magnets and Correctors for the CBETA and eRHIC Projects, and Hadron Facilities
Publication date: 2017 Source:Physics Procedia, Volume 90 Author(s): N. Tsoupas, S. Brooks, A. Jain, G. Mahler, F. Méot, V. Ptitsyn, D. Trbojevic The CBETA (Cornell Brookhaven Experimental Test Accelerator) project described in reference C. Mayes (2015) is a prototype electron accelerator for the proposed eRHIC (electron Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider) project, described in reference E. C. Aschenauer (2014). An Energy Recovery Linac (ERL) in combination with a recirculating beam line which is based on the Fixed Field Alternating Gradient (FFAG) principle constitute the electron accelerator. The FFAG beam line of...
Source: Physics Procedia - October 26, 2017 Category: Physics Source Type: research
