Fruits, vegetables, 100% juices, and cognitive function
Nutrition Reviews,Volume 72, Issue 12, Page 774-789, December 2014. (Source: Nutrition Reviews)
Source: Nutrition Reviews - November 14, 2014 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
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Nutrition Reviews,Volume 72, Issue 12, Page 790-802, December 2014. (Source: Nutrition Reviews)
Source: Nutrition Reviews - November 14, 2014 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
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Nutrition Reviews,Volume 72, Issue 12, Page 774-789, December 2014. (Source: Nutrition Reviews)
Source: Nutrition Reviews - November 14, 2014 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Fruits, vegetables, 100% juices, and cognitive function
Conclusions regarding an optimum dietary intake for fruits, vegetables, and juices are difficult to quantify because of substantial heterogeneity in the categorization of consumption of these foods. (Source: Nutrition Reviews)
Source: Nutrition Reviews - November 14, 2014 Category: Nutrition Authors: Daniel J Lamport, Caroline Saunders, Laurie T Butler, Jeremy PE Spencer Tags: Lead Article Source Type: research
Erratum
(Source: Nutrition Reviews)
Source: Nutrition Reviews - November 5, 2014 Category: Nutrition Tags: Erratum Source Type: research
Associations between food and beverage groups and major diet‐related chronic diseases: an exhaustive review of pooled/meta‐analyses and systematic reviews
The objectives of this review were to aggregate PMASRs to obtain an overview of the associations between food and beverage groups (n = 17) and DRCDs (n = 10) and to establish new directions for future research needs. The present review of 304 PMASRs published between 1950 and 2013 confirmed that plant food groups are more protective than animal food groups against DRCDs. Within plant food groups, grain products are more protective than fruits and vegetables. Among animal food groups, dairy/milk products have a neutral effect on the risk of DRCDs, while red/processed meats tend to increase the risk. Among beverages,...
Source: Nutrition Reviews - November 1, 2014 Category: Nutrition Authors: Anthony Fardet, Yves Boirie Tags: Lead Article Source Type: research
Acute effects of dietary constituents on motor skill and cognitive performance in athletes
Performance in many sports is at least partially dependent on motor control, coordination, decision‐making, and other cognitive tasks. This review summarizes available evidence about the ingestion of selected nutrients or isolated compounds (dietary constituents) and potential acute effects on motor skill and/or cognitive performance in athletes. Dietary constituents discussed include branched‐chain amino acids, caffeine, carbohydrate, cocoa flavanols, Gingko biloba, ginseng, guarana, Rhodiola rosea, sage, L‐theanine, theobromine, and tyrosine. Although this is not an exhaustive list, these are perhaps the most resea...
Source: Nutrition Reviews - November 1, 2014 Category: Nutrition Authors: Lindsay B Baker, Ryan P Nuccio, Asker E Jeukendrup Tags: Special Article Source Type: research
Molecular and physiological actions of quercetin: need for clinical trials to assess its benefits in human disease
There is a growing realization that natural products such as phytochemicals can be used in diets or as supplements to prevent or treat human disease. The disciplines of epidemiology, pharmacognosy, and molecular biology have provided evidence that certain dietary constituents decrease blood pressure, influence immune and neuronal function, affect the incidence of cancer, and ameliorate the abnormal properties of cancer cells. Molecular studies have uncovered the interesting feature that most phytochemicals have multiple modes of action. This review focuses on the flavonoid phytochemical quercetin and describes the myriad o...
Source: Nutrition Reviews - October 16, 2014 Category: Nutrition Authors: Sarah L Miles, Margaret McFarland, Richard M Niles Tags: Special Article Source Type: research
Critical review of economic evaluation studies of interventions promoting low‐fat diets
Various national and local policies encouraging healthy eating have recently been proposed. The present review aims to summarize and critically assess nutrition‐economic evaluation studies of direct (e.g., diet counseling) and indirect (e.g., food labeling) interventions aimed at improving dietary habits. A systematic literature review was performed by searching 5 databases (PubMed, Ovid Medline, EconLit, Agricola, and Embase) using a combination of diet‐related (fat, diet, intake, nutrition) and economics‐related (cost‐effectiveness, cost‐benefit, cost‐utility, health economics, economic evaluation) key words....
Source: Nutrition Reviews - October 16, 2014 Category: Nutrition Authors: Giovanni Fattore, Francesca Ferrè, Michela Meregaglia, Elena Fattore, Carlo Agostoni Tags: Special Article Source Type: research
Consideration of nutrient levels in studies of cognitive decline
The objective of this review was to identify levels of intake or markers of nutrient insufficiency that define at‐risk older adult populations to determine whether these populations will benefit from nutritional intervention. This review examines evidence from interventional and prospective observational studies that evaluated the effects of folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin E on cognitive decline in older populations. The studies suggest that supplementation may protect against cognitive decline when serum folate is <12 nmol/L or vitamin E intake is <6.1 mg/day. The literature is inadequate to define a level fo...
Source: Nutrition Reviews - October 16, 2014 Category: Nutrition Authors: Jennifer L Barnes, Min Tian, Neile K Edens, Martha Clare Morris Tags: Special Article Source Type: research
Single‐nucleotide polymorphisms and DNA methylation markers associated with central obesity and regulation of body weight
Visceral fat is strongly associated with the development of specific obesity‐related metabolic alterations. Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms seem to be involved in the development of obesity and visceral adiposity. The aims of this review are to identify the single‐nucleotide polymorphisms related to central obesity and to summarize the main findings on DNA methylation and obesity. A search of the MEDLINE database was conducted to identify genome‐wide association studies, meta‐analyses of genome‐wide association studies, and gene‐diet interaction studies related to central obesity, and, in addition, studies th...
Source: Nutrition Reviews - October 16, 2014 Category: Nutrition Authors: Leticia Goni, Fermín I Milagro, Marta Cuervo, J Alfredo Martínez Tags: Lead Article Source Type: research
Molecular and physiological actions of quercetin: the need for clinical trials to assess its benefits in human disease
There is a growing realization that natural products such as phytochemicals can be used in diets or as supplements to prevent or treat human disease. The disciplines of epidemiology, pharmacognosy, and molecular biology have provided evidence that certain dietary constituents decrease blood pressure, influence immune and neuronal function, affect the incidence of cancer, and ameliorate the abnormal properties of cancer cells. Molecular studies have uncovered the interesting feature that most phytochemicals have multiple modes of action. This review focuses on the flavonoid phytochemical quercetin and describes the myriad o...
Source: Nutrition Reviews - October 1, 2014 Category: Nutrition Authors: Sarah L Miles, Margaret McFarland, Richard M Niles Tags: Special Article Source Type: research
Effect of advanced glycation end product intake on inflammation and aging: a systematic review
Aging is associated with a chronic low‐grade inflammatory status that contributes to chronic diseases such as age‐related muscle wasting, kidney disease, and diabetes mellitus. Since advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are known to be proinflammatory, this systematic review examined the relation between the dietary intake of AGEs and inflammatory processes. The PubMed and Web of Science databases were screened systematically. Seventeen relevant studies in humans or animals were included. The intervention studies in humans showed mainly a decrease in inflammation in subjects on a low‐AGE diet, while an increase in ...
Source: Nutrition Reviews - September 17, 2014 Category: Nutrition Authors: Katrien Van Puyvelde, Tony Mets, Rose Njemini, Ingo Beyer, Ivan Bautmans Tags: Special Article Source Type: research
Efficacy of polyunsaturated fatty acids for dry eye syndrome: a meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
The objective of this study was to clarify the effects of PUFAs on DES through meta‐analysis of all relevant RCTs. To do so, a comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Science, and unpublished data was conducted. The changes in clinical and laboratory examinations, symptomatic scores, and rates of relevant symptoms were analyzed. Nine RCTs were included in the current meta‐analysis. Compared with placebo, PUFA supplementation was not related to changes in tear film break‐up time (weighted mean difference [WMD], 0.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], −0.05 to 0.72), Schirmer's test score...
Source: Nutrition Reviews - September 1, 2014 Category: Nutrition Authors: Wei Zhu, Yan Wu, Guigang Li, Juan Wang, Xinyu Li Tags: Nutrition in Clinical Care Source Type: research
Recent population adherence to and knowledge of United States federal nutrition guides, 1992–2013: a systematic review
The Dietary Guidelines for Americans dictates the federal nutrition programs, policies, and recommendations of the United States. Corresponding nutrition guides have been established to help educate the public about the dietary intake patterns recommended in these guidelines as well as to ameliorate the US obesity epidemic and its health‐related outcomes. The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize population adherence to and knowledge of these guiding US nutrition guides issued since 1992, including the Food Guide Pyramid, MyPyramid, and MyPlate. Of the 31 studies included in the review, 22 examined adherence...
Source: Nutrition Reviews - September 1, 2014 Category: Nutrition Authors: Sarah A Haack, Carmen J Byker Tags: Lead Article Source Type: research
