The contribution of behavioural science to nutrition: Appetite control
Abstract
Behaviour and nutrition are inextricably linked. The behaviour of eating is the agency through which nutrients enter the body and exert their effects on physiology, metabolism and health. It is therefore inevitable that the study of eating behaviour (or appetite in general) is essential to an understanding of the discipline of nutrition and therefore to describing the ways in which nutrients can begin to exert their effects. The fact that humans are omnivores, with the potential to eat a huge diversity of foods, clearly denotes the importance of behaviour for nutrition. The roles of culture and biology in determin...
Source: Nutrition Bulletin - August 15, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: J. E. Blundell Tags: Review Source Type: research
The role of polyphenols in modern nutrition
Abstract
Polyphenols are found in plant‐based foods and beverages, notably apples, berries, citrus fruit, plums, broccoli, cocoa, tea and coffee and many others. There is substantial epidemiological evidence that a diet high in polyphenol‐rich fruit, vegetables, cocoa and beverages protects against developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The absorption and metabolism of these compounds have been well described and, for many, the gut microbiota play a critical role in absorption; taking into consideration the parent compound and the metabolites from colon bacteria catabolism, more than 80% of a dose can b...
Source: Nutrition Bulletin - August 15, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: G. Williamson Tags: Review Source Type: research
Preventing childhood obesity: Early ‐life messages from epidemiology
Abstract
The high rates of overweight and obesity, currently seen in young children, underline the urgent need for preventive strategies in early life, before excess weight is gained. However, alongside such practical considerations, a body of epidemiological evidence now links experience in fetal and early postnatal life to an individual's later risk of obesity – pointing to the importance and role of ‘developmental influences’, such as maternal obesity, excess gestational weight gain and short duration of breastfeeding, in the aetiology of childhood obesity. Differences in early experience are linked to lifelong di...
Source: Nutrition Bulletin - August 15, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: S. M. Robinson Tags: Review Source Type: research
The contribution of epidemiology to nutrition science
Abstract
Epidemiology is the study of the distribution of the occurrence and causes of disease. The non‐random distribution of the incidence of diseases, and factors associated with them, gives clues both to their causation and to possibilities of prevention. While an understanding of the biological processes that underpin associations can be useful in ascribing causality, it is not essential, nor necessary for developing preventive options. Epidemiology is essentially an observational discipline and therefore does not have the advantages of randomised experimental studies of avoiding confounding and other problems relat...
Source: Nutrition Bulletin - August 15, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: M. Wiseman Tags: Review Source Type: research
75 years of Family Food, 50 years of the British Nutrition Foundation
Abstract
The Family Food survey recently published its 75th consecutive year of estimates. It has been monitoring household expenditure, purchases and derived nutritional intake since 1940. The story of its inception involves some significant names in the history of nutrition, some of whom were also important figures in the early years of the British Nutrition Foundation. This paper recounts the history of the survey from 1940 to the present day and comments on some selected long‐term nutritional trends the data reveal. (Source: Nutrition Bulletin)
Source: Nutrition Bulletin - August 15, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: D. Lee, I. Worth Tags: Review Source Type: research
The contribution of food composition resources to nutrition science methodology
Abstract
Advances in nutrition science methods and tools have underpinned better understanding of the complex interactions between diet, nutrition and health. One example is the development of food composition tables, which provide detailed information about the energy and nutrient content of foods. They are important in many fields, including clinical practice and research, and are used in a variety of ways; for example, to assess national population‐level programmes and surveys, formulate emergency food supplies and develop therapeutic diets. In recent years, food composition tables have widened in scope and accessibil...
Source: Nutrition Bulletin - August 15, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: P. Finglas, M. Roe, H. Pinchen, S. Astley Tags: Review Source Type: research
The British Nutrition Foundation: 50 years of making nutrition science accessible to all
(Source: Nutrition Bulletin)
Source: Nutrition Bulletin - August 15, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: J. L. Buttriss, R. Ballam, S. Stanner Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Nutrition science past and future: Celebrating a multidisciplined approach
(Source: Nutrition Bulletin)
Source: Nutrition Bulletin - August 15, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: C. M. Williams Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Issue Information
(Source: Nutrition Bulletin)
Source: Nutrition Bulletin - August 15, 2017 Category: Nutrition Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research
Conference Diary
(Source: Nutrition Bulletin)
Source: Nutrition Bulletin - May 8, 2017 Category: Nutrition Tags: Conference Diary Source Type: research
Dr Janice Irene Harland, RNutr FAfN (1954 –2017)
(Source: Nutrition Bulletin)
Source: Nutrition Bulletin - May 8, 2017 Category: Nutrition Tags: Obituary Source Type: research
Tackling the increasing problem of malnutrition in older persons: The Malnutrition in the Elderly (MaNuEL) Knowledge Hub
Abstract
In order to tackle the increasing problem of malnutrition (i.e. protein‐energy malnutrition) in the older population, the Joint Action Malnutrition in the Elderly (MaNuEL) Knowledge Hub has been recently launched as part of the Strategic Research Agenda of the Joint Programming Initiative (JPI) A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life (HDHL). This paper introduces this new European initiative and describes its objectives and design. The MaNuEL consortium consists of 22 research groups from seven countries (Austria, France, Germany, Ireland, Spain, The Netherlands and New Zealand). The Consortium aims to extend scientif...
Source: Nutrition Bulletin - May 8, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: M. Visser, D. Volkert, C. Corish, C. Geisler, L. C. Groot, A. J. Cruz ‐Jentoft, C. Lohrmann, E. M. O'Connor, K. Schindler, M. A. Schueren, Tags: News from EU Research Source Type: research
Sweet sensing, homeostasis and hedonics in the human gut –brain axis
Abstract
Consumption of added sugars has been associated with excessive energy intake, obesity and its comorbidities, while non‐nutritive sweeteners offer caloric‐free sweet taste and might be helpful in decreasing energy intake. The importance of gut–brain nutrient signalling in the regulation of food intake has recently become a field of extensive research; however, understanding about how nutritive and non‐nutritive sweet tastants affect gut–brain crosstalk is limited. Much of the research has focused on the effects of non‐nutritive sweeteners on gut function, especially after the demonstration that sweet ta...
Source: Nutrition Bulletin - May 8, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: N. S. Stamataki, J. T. McLaughlin Tags: News from the Research Council Source Type: research
Professional nutrition journals from Arabic ‐speaking countries: A regional status
Abstract
The Arabic‐speaking region is affected by a public health nutrition crisis characterised by both under‐ and overnutrition. Previous studies have described the full spectrum of medical, biomedical and public health journals within the Arabic‐speaking region. The aim of this brief communication is to highlight the current status of professional nutrition journals in the Arabic‐speaking region and demonstrate a gap between need and availability. An electronic search examined five databases to identify nutrition journals published in the Arabic‐speaking region. Journal sites were evaluated for primary scope,...
Source: Nutrition Bulletin - May 8, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: B. H. Aboul ‐Enein, J. Bernstein, J. Kruk Tags: News and Views Source Type: research
Eatwell Guide – the bare facts
Abstract
In March 2016, the UK government's new Eatwell Guide was published following work to identify food‐based dietary guidelines consistent with the new UK fibre and free sugars recommendations adopted in 2015. The revised proportions of the model were developed using a technique known as optimisation modelling, which finds a combination of foods that meet a set of nutritional recommendations while deviating as little as possible from current dietary habits. This paper focuses on two recently published papers, one that describes the scientific rationale for the new proportions of the Guide and a second paper from the...
Source: Nutrition Bulletin - May 8, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: J. L. Buttriss Tags: News and Views Source Type: research
