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Potassium channels in the neuronal homeostasis and neurodegenerative pathways underlying Alzheimer’s Disease: an update
Publication date: Available online 17 December 2019Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and DevelopmentAuthor(s): Chiara Villa, Huriye Suphesiz, Romina Combi, Enes AkyuzAbstractWith more than 80 subunits, potassium (K+) channels represent a group of ion channels showing high degree of diversity and ubiquity. They play important role in the control of membrane depolarization and cell excitability in several tissues, including the brain. Controlling the intracellular and extracellular K+ flow in cells, they also modulate the hormone and neurotransmitter release, apoptosis and cell proliferation. It is therefore not surprising that a...
Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development - December 18, 2019 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Frailty index and phenotype frailty score: sex- and age-related differences in 5XFAD transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
Publication date: Available online 16 December 2019Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and DevelopmentAuthor(s): Smilja Todorovic, Natasa Loncarevic-Vasiljkovic, Milena Jovic, Srdjan Sokanovic, Selma Kanazir, Aleksandra Mladenovic DjordjevicAbstractAlzheimer’s disease patients (AD), as well as AD transgenic mice, are characterized by increased frailty. Furthermore, the assessment of frailty status represents a feasible approach for detecting individuals prone to develop more severe form of AD and for measuring the outcome of existing and putative AD therapeutics. The 5xFAD mouse is one of the widely used transgenic animal model...
Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development - December 18, 2019 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Semi-automated quantitation of mitophagy in cells and tissues
Publication date: Available online 13 December 2019Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and DevelopmentAuthor(s): Lambert Montava-Garriga, François Singh, Graeme Ball, Ian G. GanleyAbstractMitophagy is a natural phenomenon and entails the lysosomal degradation of mitochondria by the autophagy pathway. In recent years, the development of fluorescent pH-sensitive mitochondrial reporters has greatly facilitated the monitoring of mitophagy by distinguishing between cytosolic mitochondria or those delivered to acidic lysosomes. We recently published the mito-QC reporter, which consists of a mitochondrial outer membrane-localised tande...
Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development - December 15, 2019 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

The NAD+-mitophagy axis in healthy longevity and in artificial intelligence-based clinical applications
Publication date: Available online 5 December 2019Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and DevelopmentAuthor(s): Yahyah Aman, Johannes Frank, Sofie Hindkjær Lautrup, Adrian Matysek, Zhangming Niu, Guang Yang, Liu Shi, Linda H. Bergersen, Jon Storm-Mathisen, Lene J. Rasmussen, Vilhelm A. Bohr, Hilde Nilsen, Evandro F. FangAbstractNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an important natural molecule involved in fundamental biological processes, including the TCA cycle, OXPHOS, β-oxidation, and is a co-factor for proteins promoting healthy longevity. NAD+ depletion is associated with the hallmarks of ageing and may contribute t...
Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development - December 6, 2019 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Revisiting the effects of menopause on the skin: functional changes, clinical studies, in vitro models and therapeutic alternatives
Publication date: Available online 4 December 2019Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and DevelopmentAuthor(s): Thamile Luciane Reus, Carla Abdo Brohem, Desiree Cigaran Schuck, Marcio LorenciniAbstractMenopause is a stage in a woman’s life characterized by twelve months of amenorrhoea. This transition happens due to changes in ovarian follicular activity, leading to endocrine, biological and clinical modifications. The main hormones related to these changes and symptoms are oestradiol, LH, FSH, AMH, Inhibin B and GnRH. It is important to point out that the skin is very affected by all these hormone changes, leading to a decreas...
Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development - December 6, 2019 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Multi-omics approaches to human biological age estimation
Publication date: Available online 28 November 2019Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and DevelopmentAuthor(s): Ilya Solovev, Mikhail Shaposhnikov, Alexey MoskalevAbstractMulti-omics approach nowadays increasingly applied to molecular research in many fields of life sciences. Biogerontology is not an exception; multi-omics gives possibility to evaluate complex biomarkers (or panels) which consist of quantitative as well as phenotypic ones. It is especially important because of weak understanding of the nature of aging. The difficulty now is distinguishing between causes and effects of aging. The application of the whole set of m...
Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development - November 29, 2019 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Catalytic Antibody (Catabody) Platform for Age-Associated Amyloid Disease: From Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle to the Verge of Medical Interventions
Publication date: Available online 26 November 2019Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and DevelopmentAuthor(s): Stephanie A. Planque, Richard J. Massey, Sudhir PaulAbstractQuantum mechanics-based design of useful catalytic antibodies (catabodies) failed because of the uncertain structure of the dynamic catalyst-substrate complex. The Catabody Platform emerged from discovery of beneficial germline gene catabodies that hydrolyzed self-proteins by transient covalent pairing of the strong catabody nucleophile with a weak target protein electrophile. Catabodies have evolved by Darwinian natural selection for protection against misfol...
Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development - November 26, 2019 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Increased Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Glutamate: Potential Preventive and Therapeutic Targets for Hearing Disorders
Publication date: Available online 22 November 2019Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and DevelopmentAuthor(s): Kadar N. Prasad, Stephen C. BondyAbstractHearing disorders constitute one of the major health concerns in the USA. Decades of basic and clinical studies have identified numerous ototoxic agents and investigated their modes of action on the inner ear, utilizing tissue culture as well as animal and human models. Current preventive and therapeutic approaches are considered unsatisfactory. Therefore, additional modalities should be developed. Many studies suggest that increased levels of oxidative stress, chronic inflammat...
Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development - November 23, 2019 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Telomere length analysis on leukocytes derived from patients with Huntington Disease
This study contributes with current evidence suggesting a potential role of telomere shortening as HD biomarker. (Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development)
Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development - November 23, 2019 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Endurance training improves plasma superoxide dismutase activity in healthy elderly
Publication date: Available online 22 November 2019Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and DevelopmentAuthor(s): Roberta Ceci, Guglielmo Duranti, Ester Sara Di Filippo, Danilo Bondi, Vittore Verratti, Christian Doria, Daniela Caporossi, Stefania Sabatini, Ivan Dimauro, Tiziana PietrangeloAbstractWe aimed to characterize the plasma redox homeostasis as underlying physiological mechanisms of specific training on healthy elderly. 51 healthy volunteers were trained to endurance, resistance, Neuro-Muscular Electrical Stimulation for 12 weeks, 3 sessions/w, all applied to lower limbs. We assessed ex-post quadriceps’ maximal voluntary...
Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development - November 23, 2019 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Publication date: December 2019Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development, Volume 184Author(s): (Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development)
Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development - November 15, 2019 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Ageing-associated changes in the expression of lncRNAs in human tissues reflect a transcriptional modulation in ageing pathways
Publication date: Available online 9 November 2019Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and DevelopmentAuthor(s): Saara Marttila, Kasit Chatsirisupachai, Daniel Palmer, João Pedro de MagalhãesAbstractAgeing-associated changes in the protein coding transcriptome have been extensively characterised, but less attention has been paid to the non-coding portion of the human genome, especially to long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Only a minority of known lncRNAs have been functionally characterised; however, a handful of these lncRNAs have already been linked to ageing-associated processes. To gain more information on the effects of agein...
Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development - November 10, 2019 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Neuroglial patterns are shared by cerebella from prion and prion-like disorder affected patients
Publication date: Available online 2 November 2019Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and DevelopmentAuthor(s): Moisés Garcés, M. Isabel Guijarro, Antonia Vargas, Juan J. Badiola, Marta MonzónAbstractNeurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, are considered prion-like disorders because they are all proteinopathies in which aberrant proteins spread throughout the brain during disease progression. The overall aim of this study is to determine how glial cells are commonly involved in the neurodegeneration progress observed in all these pathologies. The suggestion that they are cell types in which prion d...
Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development - November 4, 2019 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Extracellular vesicles as an emerging tool for the early detection of Alzheimer’s disease
Publication date: Available online 1 November 2019Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and DevelopmentAuthor(s): Tao-Ran Li, Xiao-Ni Wang, Can Sheng, Yu-Xia Li, Frederic Zhen-Tao Li, Yu Sun, Ying HanAbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by a series of interacting pathophysiological cascades, including the aggregation of β-amyloid plaques and the formation of neurofibrillary tangles derived from hyperphosphorylated tau proteins. AD is the cause of approximately 70% of dementia, an irreversible and untreatable syndrome at its late stage. Hence, more efforts should be devoted to identifying at-risk or preclinical AD po...
Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development - November 2, 2019 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Desmoglein-3 acts as a pro-survival protein by suppressing reactive oxygen species and doming whilst augmenting the tight junctions in MDCK cells
In this study, we explored the role of Dsg3 on dome formation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) in MDCK cells, a kidney epithelial cell model widely used to study cell differentiation and tight junction formation and integrity. We show that overexpression of Dsg3 constrained nuclear ROS production and cellular doming in confluent cell cultures and these features coincided with augmented TER and enhanced tight junction integrity. Conversely, cells expressing dominant-negative Dsg3ΔC mutants exhibited heightened ROS production and accelerated doming, accompanied by inc...
Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development - October 31, 2019 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research