Getting off on the Right Foot: The Role of Openness to Experience in Fostering Initial Trust Between Culturally Dissimilar Partners
Publication date: Available online 7 March 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Rachel M. Saef, Caitlin M. Porter, Sang Eun Woo, Christopher WieseAbstractCross-cultural partnerships can provide a competitive edge for organizations, but also hinder trust between individuals, and thus the flow of diverse knowledge that facilitates positive organizational outcomes. We investigate whether openness protects against lower trust in cross-cultural partnerships by weakening the effect of cultural diversity on trust formation processes (defined by perceived similarity and trustworthiness, serially). We randomly a...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - March 7, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Rightly crossing the Rubicon: Evaluating goal self-concordance prior to selection helps people choose more intrinsic goals
Publication date: Available online 5 March 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Kennon M. Sheldon, Mike Prentice, Evgeny OsinAbstractWe studied how people “cross the Rubicon” when making personal goal selections. In Studies 1 and 2 participants rated the self-concordance of four candidate goals, two with intrinsic and two with extrinsic content, before selecting two goals to actually pursue. Intrinsic goal content predicted higher self-concordance, as did matching between goal content and participant values and motives. Self-concordance in turn explained participants’ actual goal-selections. In lo...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - March 6, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Agreeable Mothers: How They Manage Adverse Circumstances and Difficult Children
Publication date: Available online 5 March 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Robert H. Bradley, Robert F. CorwynAbstractRelations between two contextual challenges (low household income, difficult child temperament), maternal agreeableness and three aspects of parenting (harshness, sensitivity, stimulation) were examined when children were 6 months, 54 months old and 5th grade. Mothers with higher incomes and more education were more sensitive and provided more stimulation to their children. They also were less harsh. Mothers high in agreeableness were more likely to demonstrate sensitivity and provi...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - March 6, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Personality Traits of High-Risk Sport Participants: A Meta-Analysis
Publication date: Available online 28 February 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Desmond McEwan, Patrick Boudreau, Thomas Curran, Ryan E. RhodesAbstractThe purpose of this meta-analysis was to examine the relationships between personality traits and participation in high-risk sport. A total of 149 effect sizes from 39 eligible articles were obtained wherein the personality traits of high-risk sport participants were compared with either low-risk sport participants or individuals not engaged in any sport. Results revealed significant effect sizes in favor of the high-risk participants for sensation se...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - February 28, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The Social Dynamics of Boys with Callous and unemotional Traits: Uncooperative and Proud of it
This study examined the social dynamics of boys with callous and unemotional (CU) traits when experiencing betrayal by peers and engaging in such betrayal themselves. Participants (n = 90 boys; ages 10-13 years) completed a novel prisoner’s dilemma game in which they could cooperate with, or betray, a computerized co-player. They also reported on their subject experience of emotions during game-play and were provided with bogus feedback regarding the emotions of their co-players. Boys’ CU traits, conduct problems, and anxiety, were indexed independently via parent reports. Higher levels of CU traits were associated wit...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - February 22, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
To Fear or Fly to the Unknown: Tolerance for Ambiguity and Big Five Personality Traits
Publication date: Available online 19 February 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Hayley K. Jach, Luke D. SmillieAbstractThe present study investigated whether ambiguity tolerance relates to personality traits that are theoretically grounded in fear (neuroticism) or attraction (openness to experience; extraversion) for the unknown. Our hypotheses were supported for self-report measures (and openness to experience predicted ambiguity tolerance controlling for intelligence), but behavioral choice measures of ambiguity tolerance demonstrated poor reliability and were unrelated to self-reported ambiguity ...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - February 20, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
What Does it Mean to Have “No Personality” or “A Lot of Personality”? Natural Language Descriptions and Big Five Correlates
Publication date: Available online 20 February 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Jennifer V. Fayard, John Z. Clay, Felicia R. Valdez, Lesley A. HowardAbstractThe current study aimed to discover the meaning behind the common person descriptions “no personality” and “a lot of personality.” Participants provided narrative descriptions of both terms and rated the personalities of two fictional characters, one with “no personality” and one with “a lot of personality,” how much they liked each character, how central each character was in their story, and confidence in their ratings. Qualita...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - February 20, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Old dog, new tricks: Age differences in dog personality traits, associations with human personality traits, and links to important outcomes
Publication date: Available online 15 February 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): William J. Chopik, Jonathan R. WeaverAbstractWork examining dog personality is relatively new, so the degree to which dog personality differs by age, predicts important dog outcomes, and is correlated with human personality is unclear. In a sample of 1,681 dogs (Mage = 6.44 years, SD = 3.82; 46.2% Female; 50% purebred) and their owners, older dogs were less active/excitable compared to younger dogs. Aggression toward people, responsiveness to training, and aggression toward other animals was highest among 6 to 8 year old...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - February 16, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Recognising faces but not traits: Accurate personality judgment from faces is unrelated to superior face memory
Publication date: Available online 13 February 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Liam Paul Satchell, Josh P Davis, Eglantine Julle-Danière, Nina Tupper, Paul MarshmanAbstractIt is suggested that accurate personality judgments of faces are driven by a morphological ‘kernel of truth’ from face shape. We hypothesised that this relationship could lead to those with better face identification ability being better at personality judgments. We investigated the relationship between face memory, face matching, Big Five personality traits, and accuracy in recognising Big Five personality traits from 50 ph...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - February 14, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Editorial Board
Publication date: February 2019Source: Journal of Research in Personality, Volume 78Author(s): (Source: Journal of Research in Personality)
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - February 11, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Adult Playfulness and Relationship Satisfaction: An APIM Analysis of Romantic Couples
Publication date: Available online 8 February 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): René T. Proyer, Kay Brauer, Annegret Wolf, Garry ChickAbstractPrevious research has shown that adult playfulness contributes to relationship satisfaction (RS). Using 211 heterosexual romantic couples we test the association between four facets of playfulness (Other-directed, Lighthearted, Intellectual, and Whimsical; OLIW) and indicators of RS in an Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM)-design. The four OLIW components are differentially associated with indicators of RS. Out of the OLIW facets, predominantly Other-d...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - February 9, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Pressing the rewarding button: The relationship between impulsivity, fatigue, and reward sensitivity
This study suggested that when depleted, people prone to instant gratification will work harder than their less impulsive counterparts to earn rewards. To examine the reliability of these findings, we then did a high-powered, direct replication of this study (n=782). In the replication, we found null results. This pre-registered, well-powered study suggests the findings of study one were a type I error. The findings of study 2 suggest no effect of self-regulatory attention on tasks related to earning points. (Source: Journal of Research in Personality)
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - February 1, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Evidence for a general factor of behavioral activation system sensitivity
Publication date: Available online 30 January 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Nicholas J. Kelley, Amanda M. Kramer, Katherine S. Young, Aileen M. Echiverri-Cohen, Iris Ka-Yi Chat, Susan Y. Bookheimer, Robin Nusslock, Michelle G. Craske, Richard E. ZinbargAbstractIndividual differences in one’s propensity to engage the behavioral activation system (BAS) and behavioral inhibition system (BIS) have primarily been studied with Caver and White’s (1994) BIS/BAS scale. Whereas, Carver and White identified the BIS as a unidimensional scale, they identified three separable BAS group factors - drive, fun...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - January 31, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Does self-acceptance captured by life narratives and self-report predict mental health? A longitudinal multi-method approach
Publication date: Available online 30 January 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Ana N. Tibubos, Christin Köber, Tilmann Habermas, Sonja RohrmannAbstractWe aimed to investigate the validity of different self-acceptance measures to predict mental health. Self-acceptance and negative life events, assessed via self-report and rated from life narratives (N=149), served as predictors of mental health at baseline (T1) and four years later (T2). Path models showed distinguishable, complementary effects of self-reports and other-ratings. A moderate congruence of self- and other-ratings of self-acceptance was...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - January 31, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Accuracy and Confidence in Perceptions of Targets’ Attachment to Former Partners: Do Judges Vary as a Function of Individual Differences in Attachment Orientation?
This study builds on prior research by examining the degree to which individual differences in judges’ attachment orientations predict their accuracy and confidence in rating targets’ ongoing attachment to ex-partners. Targets were recently separated/divorced adults (N=132) who described their separation experiences. Naïve judges (NStudy 1 = 93, NStudy 2 = 296) read transcripts of targets’ separation narratives and rated targets’ strength of ongoing attachment to their ex-partners. Judges’ high accuracy did not vary by judges’ attachment orientations. However, greater judge avoidance was associated with lower ...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - January 18, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
