Person-culture fit boosts national pride: A cross-cultural study among 78 countries
Publication date: Available online 25 May 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Hongfei Du, Anli Chen, Peilian Chi, Ronnel B. KingAbstractIndividuals whose personal values match the values of the culture to which they belong to have a better evaluation of themselves. However, whether individuals who experience person-culture fit endorse more positive evaluations of the cultures they belong to (e.g., nationality) remains an open question. We tested whether person-culture fit in terms of values (i.e., value congruence) would be associated with national pride (N = 171,528). Response surface analyses showed ...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - May 25, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Gender associations in the twentieth-century English-language literature
Publication date: Available online 24 May 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Daniel Schulz, Štěpán BahníkAbstractGender associations may be partly learned from print media, including literature. Using Google Books Ngram corpus, we explored the depiction of male and female characters in the twentieth-century English-language fiction. By analyzing adjective-noun bigrams, we examined adjectives used in association with “man”, “woman”, “boy”, and “girl”. Men were described in more positive terms than women. Girls were depicted more positively than boys at the beginning of the twentieth...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - May 25, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Differentiating Conscientious from Indiscriminate Responders in Existing NEO-Five Factor Inventory-3 Data
Publication date: Available online 21 May 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Zdravko Marjanovic, Ronald R. HoldenAbstractThe mean Inter-Item Standard Deviation (M-ISD; i.e., the mean of several single-scale ISDs) is a post-hoc validity index that statistically differentiates conscientious responders (CRs) from indiscriminate responders (IRs) in psychological questionnaire data. We compared the M-ISD’s effectiveness against four other post-hoc indexes and an embeddable validity scale in three sets of NEO-Five-Factor Inventory-3 data. Results showed the M-ISD has superior classification ability over a...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - May 22, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Inequality in personality and temporal discounting across socioeconomic status? Assessing the evidence
Publication date: Available online 18 May 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Rita M. Ludwig, John C. Flournoy, Elliot T. BerkmanAbstractPersonality traits such as conscientiousness and impulsivity correlate with temporal discounting, the degree to which individuals discount the value of future relative to present rewards. These variables have, in turn, been hypothesized to relate to income inequality in the United States. A key but untested assumption of this hypothesis is that the association among these variables is distinct across socioeconomic classes. The purpose of the present research is to tes...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - May 19, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The Joint Structure of Maladaptive Personality Traits and Psychopathology
We examined the joint structure of symptoms/syndromes of psychopathology (MMPI-2 Restructured-Clinical Scales; MMPI-2-RC; Tellegen et al., 2003) and maladaptive personality traits (Schedule for Nonadaptive and Adaptive Personality; SNAP-2; Clark, Simms, Wu, & Casillas, 2014) via a series of top-down factor analyses—Goldberg (2006) “bass-ackwards approach”—in a sample of 419 mental-health outpatients and 567 military veterans. A three-factor solution consisting of Negative Affectivity (including Oddity), Low Positive Affectivity, and Disinhibition-versus-Constraint best represented the joint symptom-trait structure,...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - May 19, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology Across Development: Associations With Personality
Publication date: Available online 17 May 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Holly F. Levin-Aspenson, Shereen Khoo, Yuliya KotelnikovaAbstractNormal-range personality provides a framework for the hierarchical organization of psychopathology. However, little is known about how personality-psychopathology associations differentiate across this hierarchy. The developmental aspects of this hierarchy and its personality framework are also understudied. We used National Comorbidity Survey data to construct bass-ackwards comorbidity models in age groups ranging from adolescence to middle adulthood and relate...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - May 19, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Punishment under threat: The role of personality in costly punishment
In this study, we examined to what extent people engage in costly punishment of third parties in response to a perceived punishment threat rather than due to prosocial reasons. Using a modified public goods game with a punishment stage, we show that personality plays an important role in determining which of these processes drive costly punishment. We found that Honesty-Humility, which is related to prosociality, facilitates costly punishment independent of expected punishment to oneself, while Emotionality, which is related to fearfulness, facilitates punishment that is mediated by expected punishment. Agreeableness, whic...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - May 16, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The Five Factor Model of Personality and Social Support: A Meta-Analysis
ConclusionThe study extends current knowledge on the associations between personality traits and social support. (Source: Journal of Research in Personality)
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - May 16, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Trait Anhedonia is a Transdiagnostic Correlate of Internalizing Problems during Adolescence
Publication date: Available online 15 May 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Christopher C. Conway, Y. Irina Li, Lisa R. StarrAbstractDevelopmental research documents that anhedonia, or diminished interest in usual activities, is associated with a diverse array of emotion problems in childhood and adolescence. Meanwhile, official nosologies imply that anhedonia is a more specific characteristic of major depressive disorder. Using a quantitative model of the internalizing domain, we compared the strength of transdiagnostic versus diagnosis-specific pathways from anhedonia to major depression (and other...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - May 16, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The Two Faces of Fearless Dominance and Their Relations to Vocational Success
Publication date: Available online 11 May 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Gerhard Blickle, Hanna A. GenauAbstractWe tested Lykken’s (1995) theory that the personality trait of fearless dominance (FD) can result in positive or negative life outcomes depending on whether the socialization process was successful or not. We tested FD’s predictive and moderated relations with vocational success over a time interval of 4 years. We found that the relations between FD and change in income were moderated by level of education. When educational level was high (low), there was a positive (negative) relati...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - May 11, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Big-Five Personality and Political Orientation: Results From Four Panel Studies With Representative German Samples
Publication date: Available online 29 April 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Florian Krieger, Nicolas Becker, Samuel Greiff, Frank M. SpinathAbstractThe aim of this brief report was to replicate the meta-analytic findings concerning the relationship between Big-Five personality and political orientation reported in Sibley, Osborne, and Duckitt (2012) in a sample of N = 29,015 participants from four panels involving representative German samples. We replicated the expected significant correlations for Openness to Experience (r = -.07; 95% CI [−.10, −.05]) and Conscientiousness (r = .06, 95% CI [....
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - April 30, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Extraversion and Psychopathology: A Multilevel Hierarchical Review
Publication date: Available online 26 April 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): David Watson, Kasey Stanton, Shereen Khoo, Stephanie Ellickson-Larew, Sara M. Stasik-O'BrienAbstractWe examine relations between extraversion and psychopathology, using a four-level hierarchical structure in which the general domain is divided into two aspects (Communal Extraversion, Agentic Extraversion), four consensual facets (Sociability, Liveliness, Venturesomeness, Dominance), and six NEO facets (Gregariousness, Warmth, Positive Emotions, Activity, Excitement-Seeking, Assertiveness). Our review indicates that extraver...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - April 27, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Validity of Evaluative Factors from Big Five and HEXACO questionnaires
Publication date: Available online 26 April 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Michael D. Biderman, Samuel T. McAbee, Nhung T. Hendy, Zhuo Job Chen (Source: Journal of Research in Personality)
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - April 27, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Sleep: A Pathway Linking Personality to Mortality Risk
Publication date: Available online 26 April 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Shantel K. Spears, Hawley E. Montgomery-Downs, Shari Steinman, Katherine Duggan, Nicholas A. TurianoAbstractPersonality and sleep predict longevity; however, no investigation has tested whether sleep mediates this association. Thus, we tested this effect across a 20-year follow-up (N = 3,759) in the Midlife Development in the United States cohort (baseline Mage = 47.15) using proportional hazards in a structural equation modeling framework. Lower conscientiousness predicted increased death risk via the direct, indirect, and...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - April 27, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
HiTOP Thought Disorder, DSM-5 Psychoticism, and Five Factor Model Openness
Publication date: Available online 26 April 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Thomas A. Widiger, Cristina CregoAbstractHiTOP internalizing, detachment, antagonistic externalizing, and disinhibited externalizing align comfortably with respective domains of the Five-Factor Model (FFM) of general personality. The alignment of HiTOP thought disorder and DSM-5 Section III psychoticism with FFM openness though has been disputed, with the existing research obtaining weak and/or inconsistent results. The purpose of the current paper is to discuss possible reasons for this problematic alignment. The strength ...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - April 27, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
