The Association between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Personality, Emotions and Affect: Does Number and Type of Experiences Matter?
ConclusionACEs are significantly associated with personality, emotions, and affect, with greater effect seen at higher ACE scores and with ACE abuse type, which helps support the cumulative risk hypothesis and our study hypothesis. There is a need for continued research to understand the mechanistic processes and the directionality of the association between ACEs, emotions, and behaviors to help continue to drive biopsychosocial interventions. (Source: Journal of Research in Personality)
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - December 11, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Honesty-Humility and Dictator and Ultimatum Game-Giving in Children
Publication date: Available online 4 December 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Katharina Allgaier, Karolina A. Scigala, Ulrich Trautwein, Benjamin E. Hilbig, Ingo ZettlerAbstractFairness can be affected by personality traits, situational factors, and person-situation interactions. Based on studies with adult samples, the present study investigated elementary school children’s (N = 164) social behavior in versions of the Dictator and the Ultimatum Game with actual incentives. Importantly, the Ultimatum, but not the Dictator Game includes the fear of retaliation for unfair allocation offers. The res...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - December 6, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Do liberals and conservatives use different moral languages? Two replications and six extensions of Graham, Haidt, and Nosek’s (2009) moral text analysis
Publication date: Available online 28 November 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Jeremy A. FrimerAbstractDo liberals and conservatives tend to use different moral languages? The Moral Foundations Hypothesis states that liberals rely more on foundations of care/harm and fairness/cheating whereas conservatives rely more on loyalty/betrayal, authority/subversion, and purity/degradation in their moral functioning. In support, Graham, Haidt, and Nosek (2009; Study 4) showed that sermons delivered by liberal and conservative pastors differed as predicted in their moral word usage, except for the loyalty fo...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - November 29, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The Role of Individual Differences in Emotion Regulation Efficacy
Publication date: Available online 21 November 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Thomas I. Vaughan-Johnston, Robyn A. Jackowich, Chloe C. Hudson, Kalee De France, Tom Hollenstein, Jill A. JacobsonAbstractEmotion regulation (ER) helps to maintain mental health and achieve optimal functioning. Whether people benefit from various ER strategies may depend on individual difference variables. A sample of undergraduates (N = 378, Mage = 18.6) underwent a negative emotion induction and then were assigned to learn about and perform an ER strategy (cognitive reappraisal, acceptance, or distraction). We tested ...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - November 22, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The Intersectionality of Race/Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Status on Social and Emotional Skills
Publication date: Available online 22 November 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Yi-Lung Kuo, Alex Casillas, Kate E. Walton, Jason D. Way, Joann L. MooreAbstractThe intersectionality of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES) in predicting social and emotional (SE) skills was examined for 81,950 6th – 8th graders. At low levels of SES, White students tended to have the lower SE scores. However, as SES increased, they tended to have higher scores relative to minority groups. Across SES levels, Asian students showed higher Academic Discipline and Self-Regulation scores. The SES and SE skill rel...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - November 22, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Having Less, Giving More? Two Preregistered Replications of the Relationship Between Social Class and Prosocial Behavior
Publication date: Available online 19 November 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Angelos Stamos, Florian Lange, Szu-chi Huang, Siegfried DewitteAbstractIn the present report, we describe two planned direct replications of studies on the relationship between social class and prosocial behavior. In the original studies, individuals with higher socioeconomic status have been shown to behave less prosocially across a variety of domains. This finding continues to influence both research and the public debate on the psychological correlates of social class. At the same time, the validity of the original fi...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - November 20, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Hope, Optimism, and Affect as Predictors and Consequences of Expectancies: The Potential Moderating Roles of Perceived Control and Success
This study sought to (1) experimentally test whether hope and optimism differentially predict specific expectancies in controllable versus uncontrollable situations and (2) examine the relative impact of specific expectancies on affect when desired outcomes are (or are not) achieved. A 2x2 independent samples design was used to experimentally manipulate perceived control and situational outcome (i.e., success or failure). Online participants (N= 571) completed self-report measures of hope and optimism before being randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions. Results showed that hope, but not optimism, predicte...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - November 20, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Authenticity and subjective well-being: The mediating role of mindfulness
Publication date: Available online 20 November 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Shaofeng Zheng, Shasha Sun, Cheng Huang, Zhimin ZouAbstractAuthenticity is generally indicated to be an important predictor to subjective well-being. However, remarkably few empirical researches investigated possible psychological mechanism underlying the process. The purpose of the current research is to explore whether mindfulness can explain one pathway between authenticity and subjective well-being. By conducting a cross-sectional study and a time-lagged study, we verified that higher authenticity associated higher s...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - November 20, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Examining the Relationship Between Trait Self-Control and Stress: Evidence on Generalizability and Outcome Variability
Publication date: Available online 17 November 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Kristian S. Nielsen, Jan M. Bauer, Wilhelm HofmannAbstractTrait self-control has in several studies been found negatively linked to stress. These studies have, however, mostly relied on student and/or one-country samples. Study 1 investigated the generalizability of the relationship between trait self-control and stress through a four-country survey (N = 4,097). The results showed consistently strong and negative relationships between trait self-control and stress across the four countries. Study 2 investigated the relat...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - November 19, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Editorial Board
Publication date: December 2019Source: Journal of Research in Personality, Volume 83Author(s): (Source: Journal of Research in Personality)
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - November 16, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Core Self-Evaluation Moderates Distinctive Similarity Preference in Ideal Partner’s Personality
Publication date: Available online 11 November 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Jie Liu, Ville-Juhani IlmarinenAbstractThis research investigated the moderation effects of core self-evaluation (CSE) on singles’ ideal partner preference, concerning distinctive similarity in personality. The data were collected from singles from three countries (i.e., China, Denmark, and US), and modelled in a multilevel profile analysis. The results show that CSE moderated distinctive profile similarity preference in that people high in CSE preferred higher distinctive profile similarity with their ideal partner. I...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - November 13, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Self-Absorbed and Socially (Network) Engaged: Narcissistic Traits and Social Networking Site Use
Publication date: Available online 11 November 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Kaitlyn Burnell, Robert A. Ackerman, Diana J. Meter, Samuel E. Ehrenreich, Marion K. UnderwoodAbstractAcross two studies, the current research investigated how different dimensions of narcissism (grandiosity/agentic extraversion, entitlement/self-centered antagonism, vulnerability/narcissistic neuroticism) relate to social networking site (SNS) use and behaviors. Study 1 employed a community sample of young adults, whereas Study 2 examined college students. Participants completed assessments of narcissism and SNS use thr...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - November 13, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Tailoring Emotions in Romantic Relationships: A Person-Centered Approach
Publication date: Available online 9 November 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Alex J. Benson, Justin Cavallo, Kabir N DaljeetAbstractAdapting the concept of emotional labor to romantic relationships, we examined how people tailor their emotions based on beliefs about partner expectations. Participants (N = 521) completed measures of faking one’s felt emotions (surface acting) and attempting to change felt emotions (deep acting) in response to four contexts. Using latent profile analysis, we identified five profiles (non-actors, deep-actors, moderates, actors, and extreme regulators), and evaluate...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - November 10, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Relationships between Personality Facets and Accident Involvement among Truck Drivers
We examined the association between personality characteristics and accidents among professional truck drivers at the facet level of personality using company records of accidents over time. Analyses suggested that more empathetic individuals had lower rates of accident involvement, whereas more anxious, guilt-prone, exhibitionistic, and risk-taking individuals had higher rates. We discuss implications for decreasing rates of accidents involving truck driving accidents, the selection of drivers, and use in other industries where physical safety is a concern. (Source: Journal of Research in Personality)
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - November 8, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The vibrant intersection of personality and psychopathology research: A special issue of the Journal of Research in Personality
Publication date: Available online 6 November 2019Source: Journal of Research in PersonalityAuthor(s): Robert F. Krueger, David Watson, Thomas A. WidigerAbstractPersonality and psychopathological variation are closely linked, both conceptually and empirically. In this introduction, we provide a brief overview of a new special issue of the Journal of Research in Personality focused on links between personality and psychopathology. Contemplating this corpus of work, we conclude that the nexus of personality and psychopathology constitutes a vibrant and active area of inquiry. Psychopathology research informed by personality ...
Source: Journal of Research in Personality - November 7, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
