Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Membrane Proteome Analysis of Glioblastoma Cell Invasion
Abstract: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tumor invasion is facilitated by cell migration and degradation of the extracellular matrix. Invadopodia are actin-rich structures that protrude from the plasma membrane in direct contact with the extracellular matrix and are proposed to participate in epithelial-mesenchymal transition. We characterized the invasiveness of 9 established GBM cell lines using an invadopodia assay and performed quantitative mass spectrometry–based proteomic analyses on enriched membrane fractions. All GBM cells produced invadopodia, with a 65% difference between the most invasive cell line (U87MG) and...
Source: Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology - April 15, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Regulation of Smooth Muscle Contractility by Competing Endogenous mRNAs in Intracranial Aneurysms
This study presents guidelines for the prediction and validation of the IA regulator MYOCD in competitive endogenous RNA networks and facilitates the development of novel therapeutic and diagnostic tools for IAs. (Source: Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology)
Source: Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology - April 15, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Neuropathologic Features of Suicide Victims Who Presented With Acute Poststroke Depression: Significance of Association With Neurodegenerative Disorders
Abstract: To investigate the neuropathologic characteristics of poststroke depression (PSD) leading to suicide, we retrospectively selected deceased subjects who had been diagnosed as having early PSD. Cases were divided into subjects who had committed suicide and those who had not. Neuropathologic examinations, including immunohistochemistry, were conducted. Twenty-four subjects fulfilled criteria for early PSD; 11 of these had committed suicide, and the other 13 had not. Lesion type, size of stroke, and location of stroke were variable but did not differ significantly between the groups. Alzheimer disease–related patho...
Source: Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology - April 15, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Increase in Both CD14-Positive and CD15-Positive Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell Subpopulations in the Blood of Patients With Glioma But Predominance of CD15-Positive Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Glioma Tissue
Abstract: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), defined as CD33-positive major histocompatibility complex class II–negative cells, are increased in a variety of human tumors and are associated with immunosuppression. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells can be further subdivided into CD14-positive monocytic MDSC and CD15-positive granulocytic MDSC (polymorphonuclear MDSC) subpopulations. Here we analyzed MDSC subsets in the blood and tumor tissue of patients with glioma, including the most malignant variant, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). CD33-positive major histocompatibility complex class II–negative MDSCs in blood f...
Source: Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology - April 15, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
In This Issue
No abstract available (Source: Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology)
Source: Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology - April 15, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: In This Issue Source Type: research
Drosha Inclusions Are New Components of Dipeptide-Repeat Protein Aggregates in FTLD-TDP and ALS C9orf72 Expansion Cases
Abstract: Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are 2 neurodegenerative disorders that share clinical, genetic, and neuropathologic features. The presence of abnormal expansions of GGGGCC repeats (G4C2 repeats) in a noncoding region of the Chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9orf72) gene is the major genetic cause of both FTLD and ALS. Transcribed G4C2 repeats can form nuclear RNA foci and recruit RNA-binding proteins, thereby inhibiting their normal function. Moreover, through a repeat-associated non-ATG translation mechanism, G4C2 repeats translation leads to dipeptide-repeat p...
Source: Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology - March 20, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Familial Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia Associated With Astrocyte-Predominant Tauopathy
Abstract: A familial behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia associated with astrocyte-predominant tauopathy is described in 2 sisters born from consanguineous parents. The neuropathologic examination revealed massive accumulation of abnormally hyperphosphorylated, conformational, truncated tau at aspartic acid 421, ubiquitinated and nitrated tau at Tyr29 in cortical astrocyte (including their perivascular foot processes), and Bergmann glia. Smaller amounts of abnormal tau were observed in neurons and rarely in oligodendrocytes. There was decreased expression of glial glutamate transporter in the majority of tau-positiv...
Source: Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology - March 20, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Expression of Regulatory Proteins in Choroid Plexus Changes in Early Stages of Alzheimer Disease
Abstract: Recent studies indicate that the choroid plexus has important physiologic and pathologic roles in Alzheimer disease (AD). To obtain additional insight on choroid plexus function, we performed a proteomic analysis of choroid plexus samples from patients with AD stages I to II (n = 16), III to IV (n = 16), and V to VI (n = 11) and 7 age-matched control subjects. We used 2-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry to generate a complete picture of changes in choroid plexus protein expression occurring in AD patients. We identified 6 proteins: 14-3-3 β/α, 14-3-3 ε, moesin, proteas...
Source: Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology - March 20, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Hippocampal Endosomal, Lysosomal, and Autophagic Dysregulation in Mild Cognitive Impairment: Correlation With Aβ and Tau Pathology
Abstract: Endosomal-lysosomal and autophagic dysregulation occurs in the hippocampus in prodromal Alzheimer disease (AD), but its relationship with β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau pathology remains unclear. To investigate this issue, we performed immunoblot analysis of hippocampal homogenates from cases with an antemortem clinical diagnosis of no cognitive impairment, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and AD. Western blot analysis revealed significant increases in the acid hydrolase cathepsin D and early endosome marker rabaptin5 in the MCI group compared with AD, whereas levels of phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin prot...
Source: Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology - March 20, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Neuroinflammatory Signals in Alzheimer Disease and APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice: Correlations With Plaques, Tangles, and Oligomeric Species
Abstract: To understand neuroinflammation-related gene regulation during normal aging and in sporadic Alzheimer disease (sAD), we performed functional genomics analysis and analyzed messenger RNA (mRNA) expression by quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction of 22 genes involved in neuroinflammation-like responses in the cerebral cortex of wild-type and APP/PS1 transgenic mice. For direct comparisons, mRNA expression of 18 of the same genes was then analyzed in the entorhinal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and frontal cortex area 8 of middle-aged human subjects lacking Alzheimer disease–related pathol...
Source: Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology - March 20, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Critical Contribution of Adenosine A2A Receptors in Bone Marrow–Derived Cells to White Matter Lesions Induced by Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion
Abstract: Adenosine A2A receptors (A2ARs) in distinct cellular types may exert different and even opposite effects on many neurologic disorders; A2ARs in bone marrow–derived cells (BMDCs) have been shown to play important roles in various brain injuries. We previously showed that global A2AR inactivation aggravates chronic cerebral hypoperfusion–induced white matter lesions (WMLs); however, the specific cell populations responsible for A2AR-mediated signaling remain unknown. In the present study, we developed chimeric mice in which A2ARs were either selectively inactivated or reconstituted in BMDCs by transplanting bon...
Source: Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology - March 20, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
TIMP-1 Overexpression in Lung Carcinoma Enhances Tumor Kinetics and Angiogenesis in Brain Metastasis
We examined the potential roles of TIMP-1 in H2009 lung adenocarcinoma cells and in cells transfected with a human TIMP-1–overexpressing vector (HB-6 and HB-1). Tumors resulting from the implantation of parental cell lines and transfected HB-1 cells into the brains of nude mice had a typical carcinoma profile, but human TIMP-1–overexpressing tumors showed enhanced tumor kinetics and focally more infiltrative features; vessel density assessed with anti-CD31 immunohistochemistry was also greater within HB-1 tumor implants. Similar effects on HB-6 and HB-1 cells versus parental cell lines and empty vector clones were obse...
Source: Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology - March 20, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor in Cowden Syndrome: A First Report
We describe a previously healthy 48-year-old man who was diagnosed as having a high-grade malignant neoplasm involving the facial nerve in the right petrous canal after a 4-year history of deafness. The tumor was resected; histologic appearance and immunophenotype, including patchy but strong positivity for S100 protein, indicated a diagnosis of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. A PTEN mutation, c.1003C>T p.(Arg335Ter), was subsequently identified as the cause of Cowden syndrome in another family member (a nephew) with dysplastic gangliocytoma of the cerebellum (Lhermitte-Duclos disease), and genetic testing in the ...
Source: Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology - March 20, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research
In This Issue
No abstract available (Source: Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology)
Source: Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology - March 20, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: In This Issue Source Type: research
Cellular Mechanisms of Toll-Like Receptor-3 Activation in the Thalamus Are Associated With White Matter Injury in the Developing Brain
Abstract: Toll-like receptor-3 (TLR3) has been identified in a variety of intracellular structures (e.g. endosomes and endoplasmic reticulum); it detects viral molecular patterns and damage-associated molecular patterns. We hypothesized that, after white matter injury (WMI) has occurred, localization and activation of TLR3 are altered in gray matter structures in response to damage-associated molecular patterns and activated glia. Therefore, we investigated the subcellular localization of TLR3 and its downstream signaling pathway in postmortem brain sections from preterm infants with and without WMI (7 patients each). We a...
Source: Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology - February 14, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
