Journal of Medical Devices, Transactions of the ASME This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Pulsatile Perfusion Bioreactor for Biomimetic Vascular Impedances
Pulsatile waves of blood pressure and flow are continuously augmented by the resistance, compliance, and inertance properties of the vasculature, resulting in unique wave characteristics at distinct anatomical locations. Hemodynamically generated loads, transduced as physical signals into resident vascular cells, are crucial to the maintenance and preservation of a healthy vascular physiology; thus, failure to recreate biomimetic loading in vitro can lead to pathological gene expression and aberrant remodeling. As a generalized approach to improve native and engineered blood vessels, we have designed, built, and tested a p...
Source: Journal of Medical Devices, Transactions of the ASME - September 21, 2018 Category: Medical Devices Source Type: research

A Novel, Needle-Array Dry-Electrode With Stainless Steel Micro-Tips, for Electroencephalography Monitoring
A novel, needle array dry electrode consisting of 10 × 10 array of stainless steel (SS) Microtips was developed for electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring. The developed dry electrode uses commercially available, inexpensive, SS acupuncture needles certified for invasive use, to collect the EEG signal. The microtips of the acupuncture needles p roject out of a flat Teflon base by approximately 150μm. Mechanical failure analysis was carried out, with theoretical calculations for individual needles and experimental measurements with a universal testing machine (UTM). The theoretically calculated critical load for fai...
Source: Journal of Medical Devices, Transactions of the ASME - September 21, 2018 Category: Medical Devices Source Type: research

Organ-on-Chip Devices Toward Applications in Drug Development and Screening
As a necessary pathway to man-made organs, organ-on-chips (OOC), which simulate the activities, mechanics, and physiological responses of real organs, have attracted plenty of attention over the past decade. As the maturity of three-dimensional (3D) cell-culture models and microfluidics advances, the study of OOCs has made significant progress. This review article provides a comprehensive overview and classification of OOC microfluidics. Specifically, the review focuses on OOC systems capable of being used in preclinical drug screening and development. Additionally, the review highlights the strengths and weaknesses of eac...
Source: Journal of Medical Devices, Transactions of the ASME - September 21, 2018 Category: Medical Devices Source Type: research

Special Issue: Microscale Medical Devices
The medical device industry increasingly relies on complex microfluidic, microelectromechanical, and nanoelectromechanical devices as part of modern clinical treatments and diagnostic testing. The benefits of using microdevices are faster results and lower costs. Fundamental and translational research in microscale medical devices has exploded and is rapidly moving toward commercialization in the device, pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and life science industries. Applications for microscale devices include drug discovery, cell growth, disease studies, diagnostics, biologic sensing, mixing, filtration, and many others. For ...
Source: Journal of Medical Devices, Transactions of the ASME - September 21, 2018 Category: Medical Devices Source Type: research

Effect of the Bowl Structure in an Automated Cell-Isolation Device on Stromal Vascular Fraction's Isolation Yield
In this study, we evaluated the efficiency and the reliability of a new automated SVF isolation system in which the bowl was designed in the shape of a radial protrusion at each angle (a top-type bowl). The viability and yield of cells and the residual collagenase activities of SVFs obtained in a top-type bowl were compared with the SVFs obtained in a conventional bowl. We achieved a significantly higher yield of cells and decreased residual collagenase activity in the SVFs obtained from a top-type bowl (18.0 × 105 cells/mL of fat) compared to a conventional bowl (2.3 × 105 cells/mL). There was no significant d...
Source: Journal of Medical Devices, Transactions of the ASME - September 21, 2018 Category: Medical Devices Source Type: research

Electrokinetic Behavior of Heat-Treated Mycobacterium Bacillus Calmette-Gu érin Cells
Dielectrophoresis (DEP) can be an effective tool to show the physiological change of bacterial cells. The behavior of bacterial cells under an electric field is complicated due to the combined effects of electrokinetic phenomena. This paper presents the study of the electrokinetic behavior of heat-treated Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Gu érin (BCG) cells for a cell counting method. Through numerical and experimental study, heat-treated BCG cells are compared with control BCG cells. At various frequencies with the medium conductivity of 0.07 S/m, the equilibrium positions of both control- and heat-treated cells are...
Source: Journal of Medical Devices, Transactions of the ASME - September 21, 2018 Category: Medical Devices Source Type: research

Analysis of Magnetic Microbead Capture With and Without Bacteria in a Microfluidic Device Under Different Flow Scenarios
Efficient detection of pathogens is essential for the development of a reliable point-of-care diagnostic device. Magnetophoretic separation, a technique used in microfluidic platforms, utilizes magnetic microbeads (mMBs) coated with specific antigens to bind and remove targeted biomolecules using an external magnetic field. In order to assure reliability and accuracy in the device, the efficient capture of these mMBs is extremely important. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of an electroosmotic flow (EOF) switching device on the capture efficiency (CE) of mMBs in a microfluidic device and demonstrate viabilit...
Source: Journal of Medical Devices, Transactions of the ASME - September 21, 2018 Category: Medical Devices Source Type: research

An Inertia-Deformability Hybrid Circulating Tumor Cell Chip: Design, Clinical Test, and Numerical Analysis
Detection and capture of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) with microfluidic chips hold significance in cancer prognosis, diagnosis, and anti-cancer treatment. The counting of CTCs provides potential tools to evaluate cancer stages as well as treatment progress. However, facing the challenge of rareness in blood, the precise enumeration of CTCs is challenging. In the present research, we designed an inertial-deformability hybrid microfluidic chip using a long spiral channel with trapezoid-circular pillars and a capture zone. To clinically validate the device, the microfluidic chip has been tested for the whole blood and lysed...
Source: Journal of Medical Devices, Transactions of the ASME - September 21, 2018 Category: Medical Devices Source Type: research

Electromechanical Model-Based Design and Testing of Fiber Scanners for Endoscopy
Forward-viewing catheters and scopes for diagnosing disease and guiding interventions in small ducts (less than 3 mm diameter) require wide-field high-quality imaging since scope tip bending is difficult and ineffective. A high-fidelity electromechanically coupled finite element (FE) model of a piezoelectric actuated resonant fiber scanner is presented, which enables improvement on the general design of fibe r-optic scanner geometry to increase scan frequency and field of view (FOV). Using the proposed model, parametric sweeps on the specific design variables achieved by acid etching of glass fiber are analyzed to ident...
Source: Journal of Medical Devices, Transactions of the ASME - September 21, 2018 Category: Medical Devices Source Type: research

Tissue Deformation and Insertion Force of Bee-Stinger Inspired Surgical Needles
In this study, honeybee-inspired needle prototypes were proposed and studied to decrease the insertion force and to reduce the tissue deformation. Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology was used to manufacture scaled-up needle prototypes. Needle insertion tests on tissue-mimicking polyvinyl chloride (PVC) gel were performed to measure the insertion force and the tip deflection. Digital image correlation (DIC) study was conducted to determine the tissue deformation during the insertion. It was demonstrated that the bioinspired needles can be utilized to decrease the insertion force by 24% and to minimize the tip deflect...
Source: Journal of Medical Devices, Transactions of the ASME - July 30, 2018 Category: Medical Devices Source Type: research

Variable Geometry Stair Ascent and Descent Controller for a Powered Lower Limb Exoskeleton
This paper describes a control approach for a lower limb exoskeleton intended to enable stair ascent and descent of variable geometry staircases for individuals with paraplegia resulting from spinal cord injury (SCI). To assess the efficacy of ascent and descent functionality provided by the control approach, the controller was implemented in a lower limb exoskeleton and tested in experimental trials on three subjects with motor-complete SCI on three staircases of varying geometry. Results from the assessments indicate that subjects were able to capably ascend and descend step heights varying from 7.6 to 16.5 cm without...
Source: Journal of Medical Devices, Transactions of the ASME - July 30, 2018 Category: Medical Devices Source Type: research