Journal of Medical Devices, Transactions of the ASME This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Thoracic Volumes Correlated With Pulmonary Function Tests in Adult Scoliosis Patients Following Different Treatments in Adolescence
This study provides an evidence that thoracic volume measurement can be used to infer the pulmonary function for spine deformity patients with moderate to severe scoliosis Cobb angle. Based on the calculation of the thoracic volumes in scoliosis patients, we correlate the parameters in the pulmonary function test to the measured thoracic volume through our software. The findings show the strong correlation between total lung capacity and the thoracic volume, and a significant correlation between the vital capacity/residual volume and the thoracic volume. An interpretation of the findings, limitation, and the future applica...
Source: Journal of Medical Devices, Transactions of the ASME - November 19, 2018 Category: Medical Devices Source Type: research

Using Simulation to Help Specify Design Parameters for Vacuum-Assisted Needle Biopsy Systems
Needle biopsy is a routine medical procedure for examining tissue or biofluids for the presence of disease using standard methods of pathology. The finite element analysis (FEA) methodology can provide guidance for optimizing the geometric parameters. The needle biopsy is simulated and analyzed while varying the needle angle, the aperture size and the slice-push ratio k. The results indicate that tissue reaction force in the axial direction of needle gradually decreases, and the stress and strain are more concentrated at the tip of needle with the increases of tip angle; the tissue reaction force decreases, and the torque ...
Source: Journal of Medical Devices, Transactions of the ASME - November 19, 2018 Category: Medical Devices Source Type: research

Improved Method for the ASTM Platelet and Leukocyte Assay: Use of Minimal Heparinization in a Screening Test for Hemocompatibility of Blood-Contacting Medical Devices
Most blood-contacting medical devices must be assessed for potential thrombogenicity prior to regulatory approval. A common assay for screening and qualifying devices involves monitoring the reduction of platelet and leukocyte (P&L) counts in whole blood exposed to the device. We have validated an improved method for assessing a device's effect on platelet activation and surface adhesion, offering significant improvement over the current ASTM F2888-13 method, which uses blood fully anticoagulated by acidified citrate (known to significantly inhibit platelet responsiveness). Our method uses minimal heparinization (final...
Source: Journal of Medical Devices, Transactions of the ASME - November 19, 2018 Category: Medical Devices Source Type: research

Utilization of Cable Guide Channels for Compact Articulation Within a Dexterous Three Degrees-of-Freedom Surgical Wrist Design
Pin-jointed wrist mechanisms provide compact articulation for surgical robotic applications, but are difficult to miniaturize at scales suitable for small body cavity surgery. Solid surface cable guide channels, which eliminate the need for pulleys and reduce overall length to facilitate miniaturization, were developed within a three-degree-of-freedom cable-driven pin-jointed wrist mechanism. A prototype was 3D printed in steel at 5 mm diameter. Friction generated by the guide channels was experimentally tested to determine increases in cable tension during constant cable velocity conditions. Cable tension increased exp...
Source: Journal of Medical Devices, Transactions of the ASME - November 19, 2018 Category: Medical Devices Source Type: research

A Sensor System to Measure Force Applications of a Brace for Pectus carinatum
Pectus carinatum (PC) presents itself as a protrusion on the chest wall of adolescent individuals. Current treatment for PC is performed with a Pectus carinatum orthosis (PCO) that applies a compressive force to the protrusion. While this treatment is accepted, the magnitude of compressive forces applied remains unknown leading to excessive or deficient compression. Although the need for this quantitative data is recognized, no studies reporting the data or methods are available. The purpose of this study was to design an accurate force measurement system (FMS) that could be incorporated into a PCO with minimal bulk. Compo...
Source: Journal of Medical Devices, Transactions of the ASME - November 5, 2018 Category: Medical Devices Source Type: research

Real-Time Mechanical-Encoding of Needle Shape for Image-Guided Medical and Surgical Interventions
Error and uncertainty in needle placement can drastically impact the clinical outcome of both diagnostic and therapeutic needle-based procedures. In this work, we aim to estimate the shape of a bent needle during insertion and provide a prototype design of a needle whose deflection is tracked in real time. We calculate slope along a needle by measuring the movement of fixed wires running along its length with a compact image-based sensor. Through the use of the Euler –Bernoulli beam theory, we calculate shape and trajectory of a needle. We constructed a prototype needle with two wires fixed along its length and measured ...
Source: Journal of Medical Devices, Transactions of the ASME - November 5, 2018 Category: Medical Devices Source Type: research

Control and Evaluation of a Motorized Attendant Wheelchair With Haptic Interface
Attendant wheelchairs provide a means to transport patients or mobility to people with walking disability. They can be attendant propelled, which are highly maneuverable in confined spaces, but offer no power assistance. Also, they can be electric powered with joystick control interface, which provides power assistance, but not as maneuverable as the attendant propelled wheelchair. With the objective of providing power assistance and having excellent maneuverability, this paper presents a motorized attendant wheelchair with haptic interface. Its control approach is based on virtual/desired dynamics, which is not the true d...
Source: Journal of Medical Devices, Transactions of the ASME - November 5, 2018 Category: Medical Devices Source Type: research

Design and Validation of a Heart Rate and Speed Monitoring Device With Intelligently Controlled Assistive Rehabilitation Elliptical
Cardiovascular assessment and fitness training are often overlooked in physical rehabilitation. Many current rehabilitation exercise devices do not allow for the recording and exportation of variables related to cardiovascular fitness. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to design, prototype, and validate a data logger that measures, records, and exports time, heart rate (HR), and speed data with the commercially available rehabilitation device called the Intelligently Controlled Assistive Rehabilitation Elliptical (ICARE). Validation involved using the data logger device in parallel with devices currently used in rese...
Source: Journal of Medical Devices, Transactions of the ASME - November 5, 2018 Category: Medical Devices Source Type: research

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Mechanical Cavopulmonary Assistance
In this study, we investigate the use of high-resolution cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to visualize the complex fluid flow conditions of mechanical circulatory assist in two patient-specific Fontan anatomies. A three-bladed axial-flow impeller coupled to a supportive cage with a four-bladed diffuser was positioned in the inferior vena cava (IVC) of each Fontan anatomy. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and power efficiency studies were conducted at physiologic relevant parameters with cardiac outputs of 2, 3, and 4 L/min with impeller rotational speeds of 2000 and 4000 rpm. The axial-flow impeller wa...
Source: Journal of Medical Devices, Transactions of the ASME - November 5, 2018 Category: Medical Devices Source Type: research

Investigating the Mechanical Properties of Biological Brain Cells With Atomic Force Microscopy
Characterization of cell mechanical properties plays an important role in disease diagnoses and treatments. This paper uses advanced atomic force microscopy (AFM) to measure the geometrical and mechanical properties of two different human brain normal HNC-2 and cancer U87 MG cells. Based on experimental measurement, it measures the cell deformation and indentation force to characterize cell mechanical properties. A fitting algorithm is developed to generate the force-loading curves from experimental data. An inverse Hertzian method is also established to identify Young's moduli for HNC-2 and U87 MG cells. The results demon...
Source: Journal of Medical Devices, Transactions of the ASME - October 8, 2018 Category: Medical Devices Source Type: research