Anxiety sensitivity is associated with attentional bias for pain-related information in healthy children and adolescents
This investigation explored the association between anxiety sensitivity and attentional bias for threatening information in children and adolescents (N = 40). Participants completed a pictorial version of the visual-probe task, featuring pain-related, health-threat and general-threat images presented for 500 and 1250 ms. Regression analyses revealed significant associations between anxiety sensitivity and attentional bias towards pain-related images presented for 500 ms and between state anxiety and attentional bias towards general-threat images presented for 1250 ms. These results suggest that in children and adolescents,...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - September 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Schoth, D. E., Golding, L., Johnson, E., Liossi, C. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Does the mortality risk of social isolation depend upon socioeconomic factors?
This study considers whether socioeconomic status influences the impact of social isolation on mortality risk. Using data from the Alameda County Study, Cox proportional hazard models indicate that having a high income worsens the mortality risk of social isolation. Education may offset risk, however, and the specific pattern that emerges depends on which measures for socioeconomic status and social isolation are included. Additionally, lonely people who earn high incomes suffer especially high risk of accidents and suicides as well as cancer. Further research is needed that contextualizes the health risks of social isolat...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - September 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Patterson, A. C. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
A retrospective study of judicial encounters of young adults with congenital heart disease
We report on the judicial encounters of patients in an Adult Congenital Heart unit. Fifteen patients had court appearances and all were male. Seven served jail sentences, including four indigenous adolescents. All had multiple interventions for their cardiac conditions and four are now deceased. The majority of patients had mental health issues and substance misuse. These patients need psychological and medical support, and help with judicial authorities. Recommendations for ongoing care are provided. (Source: Journal of Health Psychology)
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - September 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Malpas, T. M., George, S. M., Kaisar, J. M., Radford, D. J. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Does participation mediate the prospective relationships of impairment, injury severity, and pain to quality of life following burn injury?
We examined the prospective impact of injury severity, functional impairment, and pain on participation in the community and subsequently on life satisfaction and self-rated health of 260 burn survivors 5 years post-discharge. Predictor variables include injury severity and total body surface area burned (assessed during acute care), functional independence (assessed at 12 months post-discharge), pain (assessed at the 24th month), and participation (assessed at the 48th month). Participation predicted life satisfaction and self-rated health. Functional independence and injury severity had significant indirect influences on...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - September 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Elliott, T. R., Berry, J. W., Nguyen, H. M., Williamson, M. L., Kalpinski, R. J., Underhill, A. T., Fine, P. R. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
An assessment of WISC-IIIUK on children with HIV infection
The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – Third Edition UK test was administered to groups of children between the ages of 6 and 12 years with vertically transmitted HIV infection (n = 70) and a control group who were not infected by the virus (n = 70). The study was conducted in India. The two groups were matched for general verbal abilities, age and gender. The children were assessed for Verbal IQ, Performance IQ and Full-Scale IQ. The Verbal Comprehension Index, Perceptual Organization Index and Freedom from Distractibility Index were also obtained. A three-factor analysis of variance disclosed that school-ag...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - September 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: James, A. N., Ittyerah, M. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Multidimensional profiles of health locus of control in Hispanic Americans
Latent profile analysis identified health locus of control profiles among 436 Hispanic Americans who completed the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scales. Results revealed four profiles: Internally Oriented-Weak, -Moderate, -Strong, and Externally Oriented. The profile groups were compared on sociocultural and demographic characteristics, health beliefs and behaviors, and physical and mental health outcomes. The Internally Oriented-Strong group had less cancer fatalism, religiosity, and equity health attributions, and more alcohol consumption than the other three groups; the Externally Oriented group had stronger ...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - September 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Champagne, B. R., Fox, R. S., Mills, S. D., Sadler, G. R., Malcarne, V. L. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Hay fever in childhood, traits Neuroticism and Conscientiousness as independent predictors of the occurrence of hay fever in adulthood
The study investigated the associations between social and psychological factors in childhood and adulthood and the occurrence of adulthood hay fever in a longitudinal birth cohort study. A total of 5780 participants with data on parental social class, childhood hay fever up to age 7 years, childhood cognitive ability at age 11 years, educational qualifications at age 33 years, personality traits, occupational levels and adult hay fever (all measured at age 50 years) were included in the study. Using logistic regression analyses, results showed that childhood hay fever identified by medical doctors and traits Emotional Sta...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - September 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Cheng, H., Deighton, J., Wolpert, M., Chapman, B. P., Kornilaki, E. N., Treglown, L., Furnham, A. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Existential challenges experienced by lymphoma survivors: Results from the 2010 LIVESTRONG Survey
We sought to examine the existential challenges that cancer survivors may experience as they strive to make meaning, regain their self-identity, cope with fear of recurrence, and experience feelings of grief and guilt. Lymphoma survivors (n = 429) completed the 2010 LIVESTRONG survey and provided responses about meaning, cancer worry, security, identity, grief, guilt, and perceived functional impairment due to these concerns. Most survivors (73%–86%) endorsed existential concerns, with 30–39 percent reporting related perceived functional impairment. Concerns were associated with being female, younger, unmarried...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - September 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Posluszny, D. M., Dew, M. A., Beckjord, E., Bovbjerg, D. H., Schmidt, J. E., Low, C. A., Lowery, A., Nutt, S. A., Arvey, S. R., Rechis, R. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Dietary and exercise change following acute cardiac syndrome onset: A latent class growth modelling analysis
The present study aim determine sub-group trajectories of change on measures of diet and exercise following acute coronary syndrome. 150 participants were assessed in hospital, 1 month and 6 months subsequently on measures including physical activity, diet, illness beliefs, coping and mood. Change trajectories were measured using latent class growth modelling. Multinomial logistic regression was used to predict class membership. These analyses revealed changes in exercise were confined to a sub-group of participants already reporting relatively high exercise levels; those eating less healthily evidenced modest dietary impr...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - September 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Bennett, P., Gruszczynska, E., Marke, V. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Why do workaholics experience depression? A study with Chinese University teachers
This study focuses on the relationships of workaholism to job burnout and depression of university teachers. The direct and indirect (via job burnout) effects of workaholism on depression were investigated in 412 Chinese university teachers. Structural equation modeling and bootstrap method were used. Results revealed that workaholism, job burnout, and depression significantly correlated with each other. Structural equation modeling and bootstrap test indicated the partial mediation role of job burnout on the relationship between workaholism and depression. The findings shed some light on how workaholism influenced depress...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - September 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Nie, Y., Sun, H. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
The five-factor model of personality and self-reported versus biomarker diabetic control
Five-factor personality was examined as an element of self-report diabetic control accuracy versus biomarker control (HbA1c) for 1474 diabetics in the 2006 and 2008 Health and Retirement Study. Correlations of extraversion and self-reported control (r = –.06, p < .01), and extraversion and HbA1c (r = .03, non-significant), were significantly different (t = 2.87, p < .01). Correlations of openness and self-reported control (r = –.05, p < .05), and openness and HbA1c (r = .01, non-significant), were significantly different (t = 1.91, p < .05). Associations were found between self-reported control and ...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - September 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Phillips, A. S., Guarnaccia, C. A. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Granting wishes of seriously ill children: Effects on parents well-being
We investigated whether a positive intervention (i.e. granting a wish) in children with a chronic illness could promote positive psychological responses in their parents. Hospitalized children were randomly assigned to either the wish group or to a waiting-list control group. Mothers and fathers’ responses (N = 86 and 38, respectively) were studied. Parents from the wish group showed higher levels of positive emotions and beliefs in a benevolent world than the control group. Mothers from the wish group reported higher benefit finding, gratitude, and love than those in the control group. Given that the child’s i...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - September 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Chaves, C., Hervas, G., Vazquez, C. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Caregivers interest in using smokeless tobacco products: Novel methods that may reduce childrens exposure to secondhand smoke
The study examined caregivers’ interest in using potentially reduced exposure tobacco products for smoking cessation, reduction, and to help them not smoke in places such as around their child, as all three methods would potentially lead to reduced secondhand smoke exposure for their children. A sample of 136 caregivers completed carbon monoxide testing to assess smoking status and a brief survey. Few caregivers had ever used potentially reduced exposure tobacco products (<1%), but a majority were interested in trying them as means of smoking reduction (54%), to quit/stay quit from smoking (51%), and to help them ...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - September 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Wagener, T. L., Tackett, A. P., Borrelli, B. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Development and validation of the Eating Maturity Questionnaire: Preliminary findings
This article describes the development of the Eating Maturity Questionnaire, a self-reported measurement of eating maturity that initiates and gives direction to human eating behaviors. The Eating Maturity Questionnaire was designed to study individuals’ biological and psychosocial motives for eating. The Eating Maturity Questionnaire is a 21-item tool with satisfactory psychometric values (Cronbach’s α coefficients between 0.83 and 0.88) consisting of two subscales: Rational Eating and Psychosocial Maturity. Eating Maturity Questionnaire results may be used to design programs that target eating behaviors...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - September 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Potocka, A., Najder, A. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Associations between individual and relationship characteristics and genital herpes disclosure
This study explores determinants of genital herpes disclosure with one’s most recent sexual partner using an online questionnaire (n = 93). The majority of participants reported (80.4%) disclosure. Among non-disclosers, fear of negative partner reactions was the primary reason for non-disclosure. Age, relationship commitment, time in relationship, and expectations of partner’s reaction were statistically significant predictors at the bivariate level. Reaction expectations and relationship commitment remained significant in the multivariate logistic regression model. Findings indicate that future disclosure rese...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - September 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Myers, J. L., Buhi, E. R., Marhefka, S., Daley, E., Dedrick, R. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
