Direct and indirect relationship between locus of control and depression
This study examined the mediating effect of self-esteem on the relationship between locus of control and depression among Chinese university students. In all, 457 students (232 men and 225 women) completed measures of locus of control, self-esteem, and depression. Correlational analyses indicated that external locus of control was related to self-esteem and depression, and self-esteem was related to depression. Structural equation modeling analysis showed that self-esteem partially mediated the influence of locus of control on depression. The significance of the results is discussed. (Source: Journal of Health Psychology)
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - June 27, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Yu, X., Fan, G. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Masculinity impediments: Internalized masculinity contributes to healthcare avoidance in men and women
This article models healthcare avoidance related to masculine contingencies of self-worth in men and women. Nested path modelling tested relationships between social role beliefs, masculine contingencies of self-worth, barriers to help seeking and avoidance of health care in university and non-university-student adult samples. Results indicated social role beliefs predicted masculine contingencies of self-worth in men but not in women. Regardless of gender, masculine contingencies of self-worth predicted barriers to help seeking, which predicted healthcare avoidance in both men and women. Thus, masculine contingencies of s...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - June 27, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Himmelstein, M. S., Sanchez, D. T. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Patient communication self-efficacy, self-reported illness symptoms, physician communication style and mental health and illness in hospital outpatients
In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the associations between patient communication self-efficacy and self-reported symptoms in doctor–patient communication, as perceived by patients, and the mental health and illness of hospital outpatients. Using data from a sample of 74 outpatients (mean age = 37.58 years, standard deviation = 12.54), a structural equation model was calculated. The results showed that communication self-efficacy and respectful behaviour were associated with mental health and illness. Furthermore, self-reported symptoms were correlated with mental illness. Gender and educational differenc...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - June 27, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Capone, V. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Tanning and beauty: Mother and teenage daughters in discussion
Tanning increases dramatically through the teenage years, but the family context of this health risk behavior is relatively unstudied. We conducted videotaped conversations between teenage girls (10th and 11th grade) and their mothers. We developed a coding system for discussion content and highlight findings including inadequate knowledge concerning the harms of tanning and positive views of outdoor tanning over indoor tanning, yet agreement that all tans are attractive. Many teens believed that indoor tanning is sometimes necessary to achieve the tanned look. These findings can usefully guide intervention development reg...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - June 27, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Hay, J. L., Geller, A. C., Schoenhammer, M., Gordon, M., Bishop, M., Shuk, E., Oliveria, S., Halpern, A. C. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Mental health treatment after major surgery among Vietnam-era Veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder
The purpose of this study was to examine mental health treatment use among Vietnam Veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder and determine whether undergoing major surgery interrupted mental health treatment or increased the risk of psychiatric hospitalization. Using retrospective data from Veterans Health Administration’s electronic medical record system, a total of 3320 Vietnam-era surgery patients with preoperative posttraumatic stress disorder were identified and matched 1:4 with non-surgical patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. The receipt of surgery was associated with a decline in overall mental heal...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - June 27, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Tsan, J. Y., Stock, E. M., Greenawalt, D. S., Zeber, J. E., Copeland, L. A. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
An educational programme for parents on the body image of preschool-aged boys
This study was designed to increase parents’ awareness of their role in their preschool child’s body image and increase positive body image attitudes. In total, 118 parents (54 intervention, 64 control) of boys aged –3–6 years completed a two-session educational workshop. At post-test and the 3 months’ follow-up, parents in the intervention group compared to the control group reported a greater level of perceived knowledge on how they may influence their son’s body image and a greater level of body appreciation. These results indicate that educational workshops are effective in improving...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - June 27, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: McCabe, M. P., Mellor, D., Mealey, A. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Exploring the psychological impact of Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome on young women: An interpretative phenomenological analysis
This study explored five young women’s experiences of living with Mayer–Rokitansky–Küster–Hauser to offer a unique insight into the social challenges of Mayer–Rokitansky–Küster–Hauser in the transition to adulthood. Non-directive semi-structured interviews took place within the National Health Service settings, and transcripts were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Four inter-related themes were identified: hindering independence, a sensitivity to difference, managing intimacy and managing threat to identity. The women managed their presentati...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - June 27, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Patterson, C. J., Crawford, R., Jahoda, A. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Effects of psychotherapy in combination with pharmacotherapy, when compared to pharmacotherapy only on blood pressure, depression, and anxiety in female patients with hypertension
We investigated effects of metacognitive detached mindfulness therapy and stress management training on hypertension and symptoms of depression and anxiety, as compared to a control condition. A total of 45 female patients (mean age: M = 36.49 years) were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: metacognitive detached mindfulness therapy, stress management training, and the control condition. Blood pressure and symptoms of depression and anxiety decreased from baseline to post-test, to follow-up. Group comparisons showed that blood pressure and symptoms of depression and anxiety decreased more in psychotherapeutic gro...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - June 27, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ahmadpanah, M., Paghale, S. J., Bakhtyari, A., Kaikhavani, S., Aghaei, E., Nazaribadie, M., Holsboer-Trachsler, E., Brand, S. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Development and validation of the Communicating with Family about Brain Death Scale
This study reports development of a scale assessing communication with family about brain-dead organ donation. Two cross-sectional studies demonstrated scale validity. Tests of internal, external, and predictive validity were conducted using confirmatory factor analysis. In both studies, the same 6 items were shown to be unidimensional with acceptable reliability. Parallelism was shown between the Brain Death Scale and a measure of communication with family. Predictive validity was exhibited between participants’ donor status and the Brain Death Scale. The scale was associated with knowledge about brain death confirm...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - June 27, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Bresnahan, M., Zhuang, J. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Vita tua, mors mea: The experience of family caregivers of patients in a vegetative state
This study aims to understand whether, and possibly how, caregivers of patients in a vegetative state experience an emotional paradox between life and death. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with 24 (19 females and 5 males) caregivers of vegetative state patients living in northern Italy. Data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Caregivers felt they were the only ones able to understand and give answer to patients’ needs, but neglected their own lives in their total commitment to the patient. The findings highlight the importance for vegetative state caregivers in conside...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - June 27, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Cipolletta, S., Pasi, M., Avesani, R. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Processing coping methods in expressive essays about stressful experiences: Predictors of health benefit
This study distinguished constructive (e.g. planning/problem-solving) and unconstructive (e.g. worry) processing in expressive essays and their impact on depressive symptoms, healthcare visits, and physical symptoms. Affect labeling, achievement orientation, and insight utilization were examined as mediators. Essays from 43 medical students were coded; mediators were identified through linguistic text analysis. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and 3 months. Constructive processing predicted declining depressive symptoms (β = –.33, p < .05) and healthcare visits (β = –.61, p < .01). Unconstruct...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - June 9, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Hoyt, M. A., Austenfeld, J., Stanton, A. L. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
A snapshot of the lives of women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A photovoice investigation
Polycystic ovary syndrome affects 6 percent of women. Symptoms include hirsutism, acne, and infertility. This research explores the impact of polycystic ovary syndrome on women’s lives using photovoice. Nine participants photographed objects related to their quality of life and made diary entries explaining each photograph. Three themes emerged from thematic analysis of the diaries: control (of symptoms and polycystic ovary syndrome controlling their lives), perception (of self, others, and their situation), and support (from relationships, health care systems, and education). These findings illuminate positive aspe...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - June 9, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Williams, S., Sheffield, D., Knibb, R. C. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
A randomized controlled trial of cognitive behaviour therapy to improve glycaemic control and psychosocial wellbeing in adolescents with type 1 diabetes
We evaluated a cognitive behaviour therapy–based programme to improve glycaemic control and psychosocial wellbeing in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. A total of 147 adolescents aged 13–16 years were randomized to the intervention (n = 73) or standard care (n = 74). The primary outcome was glycaemic control at 3 and 12 months post randomization, and secondary measures were stress, self-efficacy and quality of life. Mixed-effects regression models were used to assess differences in means between groups at each time point. There was little evidence of differences in glycaemic control between groups. However, psy...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - June 9, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Serlachius, A. S., Scratch, S. E., Northam, E. A., Frydenberg, E., Lee, K. J., Cameron, F. J. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Predictors of psychological distress and interest in mental health services in individuals with cancer
This article presents predictors of psychological distress in a large heterogeneous sample of cancer patients. In total, 836 patients were enrolled in a large randomized control trial and completed computerized psychosocial assessments Mental Health Assessment and Dynamic Referral for Oncology. Multivariate regressions examined predictors of distress and interest in mental health services. Final models suggest that psychological distress was related to six variables, and interest in mental health services was related to previous history of mental health counseling, total number of cancer-related symptoms, and race/ethnicit...
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - June 9, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: OHea, E. L., Monahan, B. R., Cutillo, A., Person, S. D., Grissom, G., Boudreaux, E. D. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Intergeneration social support affects the subjective well-being of the elderly: Mediator roles of self-esteem and loneliness
This study investigated the effect of intergeneration social support on the subjective well-being of 429 elderly participants. Results suggested that intergeneration social support, self-esteem, and loneliness were significantly correlated to subjective well-being. Structural equation modeling indicated that self-esteem and loneliness partially mediated the effect of intergeneration social support on subjective well-being. These findings provided insights into the effect of intergeneration social support on the subjective well-being of the elderly. (Source: Journal of Health Psychology)
Source: Journal of Health Psychology - June 9, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Tian, Q. Tags: Articles Source Type: research
