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Diastolic function alteration mechanisms in physiologic hypertrophy versus pathologic hypertrophy are elucidated by model-based Doppler E-wave analysis
Publication date: Available online 12 November 2014 Source:Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness Author(s): Simeng Zhu , Thomas Morrell , Astrid Apor , Béla Merkely , Hajnalka Vágó , Attila Tóth , Erina Ghosh , Sándor J. Kovács Athletic training can result in increased left ventricular (LV) wall thickness, termed physiologic hypertrophy (PhH). By contrast, pathologic hypertrophy (PaH) can be due to hypertension, aortic stenosis, or genetic mutation causing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Because morphologic (LV dimension, wall thickness, mass, etc.) and functional index similarities (LV ejectio...
Source: Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness - November 13, 2014 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research

Effects of short-term swimming exercise on bone mineral density, geometry, and microstructural properties in sham and ovariectomized rats
In conclusion, the positive effects of swimming on bone properties in the ovariectomized rats in the present study may suggest that swimming as a non- or low-weight-bearing exercise may be beneficial for enhancing bone health in the postmenopausal population. (Source: Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness)
Source: Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness - November 4, 2014 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research

Acute changes in glycemic homeostasis in response to brief high-intensity intermittent exercise in obese adults
This study investigated the acute changes in glycemic homeostasis in response to brief, high-intensity, intermittent exercise in obese adults. Ten obese adults (age: 25.3±5.1 years; body mass index: 32.0±4.0) volunteered to participate in the study. The time-course changes in blood glucose in response to a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test were examined following: high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIE) of four 30-second all-out cycling efforts interspersed with 4-minute active recovery periods; 24 hours of recovery post-HIE (REC); and no treatment (control, CON). Blood glucose in each trial was measured before, and 30...
Source: Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness - November 3, 2014 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research

The reliability of running economy among trained distance runners and field-based players
Publication date: December 2012 Source:Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness, Volume 10, Issue 2 Author(s): Kenji Doma , Glen B. Deakin , Anthony S. Leicht , Rebecca M. Sealey While the reliability of running economy (RE) has been widely established, limited investigation has been carried out into the reliability of various performance variables during a RE test. Subsequently, the purpose of the current study was to examine the reliability of time-to-exhaustion (TTE) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) during a RE test among trained runners and moderately endurance-trained men. Absolute V ˙ O 2 ...
Source: Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness - November 3, 2014 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research

Reproducibility of shoulder short range of motion in isokinetic and isometric strength testing
Publication date: December 2012 Source:Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness, Volume 10, Issue 2 Author(s): Vedran Hadzic , Eva Ursej , Milos Kalc , Edvin Dervisevic Strength testing of the shoulder external and internal rotators is an important part of the evaluation and follow-up of a patient with a shoulder injury. Several studies have tested the reproducibility of such testing basing their conclusions mainly on intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values. The main goal of our research was to assess fully the reproducibility of isokinetic and isometric strength testing using both absolute (ICC) and r...
Source: Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness - November 3, 2014 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research

Estimation of peak oxygen uptake from peak power output in able-bodied and paraplegic individuals
In conclusion, V ˙ O 2 peak can be predicted with reasonable accuracy from POpeak obtained in GXT using the ACSM equation during arm-cranking exercise in able-bodied and paraplegic individuals. (Source: Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness)
Source: Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness - November 3, 2014 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research

Effects of muscle-damaging exercise on physiological, metabolic, and perceptual responses during two modes of endurance exercise
Publication date: December 2012 Source:Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness, Volume 10, Issue 2 Author(s): Dean Burt , Kevin Lamb , Ceri Nicholas , Craig Twist Research on submaximal endurance exercise after exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) has produced equivocal findings. One possible explanation for this is that the responses are likely to be sensitive to the mode of endurance exercise adopted. Therefore, this study examined the influence of exercise mode (cycling vs. running) after EIMD. Twenty-four and 48 hours after EIMD, 10 male participants were measured for perceived muscle soreness, creatine ...
Source: Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness - November 3, 2014 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research

Effects of supervised exercise training at the intensity of maximal fat oxidation in overweight young women
In conclusion, exercise training at the Fatmax intensity is an evidence-informed and safe exercise prescription for overweight young women. (Source: Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness)
Source: Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness - November 3, 2014 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research

An overview of health fitness studies of Hong Kong residents from 2005 to 2011
Publication date: December 2012 Source:Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness, Volume 10, Issue 2 Author(s): Frank Hookin Fu , Linxuan Guo , Yanpeng Zang The purpose of the present paper was to provide a review of the health fitness studies conducted among Hong Kong residents for the past 7 years (2005–2011) and a better understanding of the historical developments, future trends, and research studies on this topic conducted during the past 27 years. In the 164 articles reviewed, the present paper covers six major areas: obesity, physical fitness, cardiovascular risk factors, physical activity, lifestyle, a...
Source: Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness - November 3, 2014 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research

Joint angle-torque characteristics of the knee extensors following eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage in young, active women
Publication date: June 2013 Source:Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness, Volume 11, Issue 1 Author(s): John R. Jakeman , Roger G. Eston Functional disruption following eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage is characterized by an immediate and prolonged loss in force-generating capacity, a disproportionate loss of strength at short muscle lengths, and a rightward shift in muscle length-tension relationship, in favor of a longer muscle length for optimal force generation. The purpose of this study was to examine progressive changes in muscle joint angle-torque characteristics following strenuous eccentric e...
Source: Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness - November 3, 2014 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research

Affective change as a function of exercise intensity in a group aerobics class
This study examined, in a naturalistic setting, affective changes in 15 women. Measurements were obtained presession, postsession, and at 10-minute intervals during three aerobics sessions that were conducted at high (HI), low (LI) and self-selected (SS) intensities. The intensity was manipulated via changes in music tempo and movement size. Scores on the Feeling Scale (FS) and the Felt Arousal Scale (FAS) were subjected to two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Circumplex models were constructed to display the path followed by the affective changes throughout the course of each exercise session. A main ef...
Source: Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness - November 3, 2014 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research

Effects of heat and different humidity levels on aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance in athletes
Publication date: June 2013 Source:Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness, Volume 11, Issue 1 Author(s): Jiexiu Zhao , Santiago Lorenzo , Nan An , Wenping Feng , Lili Lai , Shuqiang Cui Previous studies suggest that the maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) and the Wingate anaerobic test performances are decreased in hot environments, but it is unknown whether humidity changes in a hot environment further affect the results of the VO2max and Wingate anaerobic test. Nine male athletes performed VO2max and Wingate anaerobic tests under three environmental conditions: (1) 21 °C/20% relative humidity (R.H.) (contro...
Source: Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness - November 3, 2014 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research

Diastolic function in Olympic athletes versus controls: Stiffness-based and relaxation-based echocardiographic comparisons
Publication date: June 2013 Source:Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness, Volume 11, Issue 1 Author(s): Astrid Apor , Béla Merkely , Thomas Morrell , Simeng Zhu , Erina Ghosh , Hajnalka Vágó , Péter Andrássy , Sándor J. Kovács Physiologic hypertrophy of the athlete heart, compared to the heart of nonathletic controls, is characterized by an increase in the left ventricular (LV) chamber dimension, mass, and wall thickness. Comparisons of the diastolic function (DF) between athletes and controls have employed conventional echocardiographic transmitral flow (Doppler E-wave)-derived indexes such as t...
Source: Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness - November 3, 2014 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research

Determination of biomechanical differences between elite and novice San Shou female athletes
Publication date: June 2013 Source:Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness, Volume 11, Issue 1 Author(s): Chuanyin Jiang , Michael W. Olson , Li Li Determining the key factors in athletic performance is important for developing the technique and strength of athletes. Many martial arts forms have been studied, but a relatively new form of martial arts competition, San Shou, has not been analyzed. The purpose of this study was to determine key attributes necessary in the development of the San Shou athlete, particularly in female participants. Six elite and six novice competitors performed 30 continuous repetiti...
Source: Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness - November 3, 2014 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research

Overall and differentiated session ratings of perceived exertion at different time points following a circuit weight training workout
In this study we investigated the ability of SRPE to assess exercise strain in a circuit weight training (CWT) workout and the influence of time lag to report SRPE. Ten healthy male volunteers (22.3 ± 2.8 years, 72.5 ± 6.5 kg, and 175 ± 5 cm) completed a CWT session involving three circuits of five multiple joint exercises with single sets of 20 repetitions at 30% one repetition maximum (1-RM). Heart rate [63.7–75.0% maximum heart rate (%HRmax)], blood lactate (5.6–7.6 mM) as well as overall, chest, and active muscle RPE increased significantly (p < 0.05) throughout the CWT, but no significant diff...
Source: Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness - November 3, 2014 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research