Relative Importance of Hepatitis B and C Viruses in Hepatocellular Carcinoma in EMRO Countries and the Middle East: A Systematic Review
Conclusions: HBV and HCV are important culprits of HCC in EMRO countries and the Middle East and different nations need different strategies to tackle them accordingly. Countries with high rates of HBV such as Turkey should continue their HBV vaccination and also increase sanitation. Nations with high HCV rates such as Egypt should maintain their blood product monitoring in addition to increased sanitation, especially regarding injection drug users (IDU).,Results: We found 44 studies from 12 countries in EMRO and the Middle East. HCC cases from Iran, Lebanon, Turkey and Yemen were mainly due to HBV, while those of north Af...
Source: Hepatitis Monthly - March 1, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Economic Burden of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Different Stages of Disease: A Report From Southern Iran
Conclusions: Chronic hepatitis C-related liver diseases impose a substantial economic burden on patients, families and the society. The current study provides useful information on cost of treatment and work loss for different disease states, which can be further used in cost-effectiveness evaluations. (Source: Hepatitis Monthly)
Source: Hepatitis Monthly - February 29, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Opioid Drugs in Patients With Liver Disease: A Systematic Review
Conclusions: Pain management in patients with liver dysfunction is always challenging to physicians because of the adverse reactions of drugs, especially opioids. Opioids should be used cautiously since they can cause sedation, constipation and sudden encephalopathy effects. Since the clearance of these drugs in patients with hepatic insufficiency is decreased, the initial dose must be decreased, the intervals between doses should be increased and some patients need to be continuously assessed.,Results: In patients with liver disease, administration of opioid analgesics should be observed, accurately. As a general rule, lo...
Source: Hepatitis Monthly - February 29, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
The Association of Pre-S/S Gene Mutations and Hepatitis B Virus Vertical Transmission
Conclusions: HBV in children due to vaccination failure was resulted from vertical transmission. HBV Pre-S/S gene mutations were prevalent and could occur before or after vaccination. Therefore, simply analyzing mutation frequency of HBV gene was not of value. To advance blocking HBV vertical transmission, future studies should focus on specific mutation sites, potentially associated with vaccination failure.,Results: HBV genotype B was the dominant genotype in the both groups’ mothers. Each mother-child pair in case group had the same HBV genotype. There were no significant differences in mutation frequencies of HBV Pre...
Source: Hepatitis Monthly - February 29, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
The Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Among Municipal Solid Waste Workers: Necessity for Immunization of At-Risk Groups
Conclusions: Greater encouragement for immunization against HBV as well as better education on HBV transmission routes and work safety precautions should be implemented to reduce the prevalence of HBV in MSWWs. (Source: Hepatitis Monthly)
Source: Hepatitis Monthly - February 29, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Safety and Efficacy of Adding Ribavirin to Interferon or Peginterferon in Treatment of Hepatitis C Infection in Patients With Thalassemia: A Systematic Review on Randomized Controlled Trials
Conclusions: Compared with monotherapy, adding ribavirin to treatment is more effective in removing hepatitis C virus from the bloodstream in patients with thalassemia, it is also more effective in reducing the relapse rate after treatment. Except the increase in blood transfusion, there was no significant increase in side effects followed by adding ribavirin. (Source: Hepatitis Monthly)
Source: Hepatitis Monthly - February 29, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
The Correlation Between Interferon Lambda 3 Gene Polymorphisms and Susceptibility to Hepatitis B Virus Infection
Conclusions: Our study showed no correlation between rs12979860 and rs8099917 SNPs and chronic HBV infection. Further studies, with larger sample sizes and different ethnicities, are necessary to validate our findings.,Objectives: This study was carried-out to investigate the association of IFNL3 gene polymorphisms (rs12979860 and rs8099917) with HBV susceptibility, in chronic HBV-infected patients.,Patients and Methods: In this case-control study, we determined IFNL3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs12979860 and rs8099917) in 221 individuals, with chronic HBV infection, and 200 healthy individuals, who were volun...
Source: Hepatitis Monthly - February 29, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Pattern of Hepatitis A Virus Epidemiology in Nursing Students and Adherence to Preventive Measures at Two Training Wards of a University Hospital
Conclusions: The high proportion of susceptible nursing students can contribute to an increase in the risk of nosocomial transmission, especially when specific preventive measures are not completely applied. Nursing education packages, before starting medical internship, should be implemented in order to increase their compliance to preventive measures, especially in wards at higher risk. Vaccination should be considered in wards at higher risk.,Background: Nursing students can be exposed to patients with hepatitis A virus (HAV) and can represent a vehicle of transmission both for health personnel, patients and relatives.,...
Source: Hepatitis Monthly - February 17, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Association Between IL-10 Gene Promoter Polymorphisms (-592 A/C, -819 T/C, -1082 A/G) and Susceptibility to HBV Infection in an Iranian Population
Conclusions: These results suggest that polymorphisms in interleukin-10 gene promoter influence clinical outcome of HBV infection and susceptibility to HBV infection. (Source: Hepatitis Monthly)
Source: Hepatitis Monthly - February 16, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Diagnostic Estimation of Noninvasive Tests for Hepatic Fibrosis in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Without a Gold Standard
Conclusions: FIB-4 confirmed the best value for diagnosis of significant fibrosis. APRI had a sub-optimal diagnosis accuracy for significant fibrosis. LSM showed the most balance diagnosis value for cirrhosis with the highest sensitivity and moderate specificity.,Results: The latent class model with random effect permitted to conciliate the observed data and estimates of test performances. For significant fibrosis, the specificity/sensitivity were 83.24%/91.59% (APRI), 90.05%/95.57% (FIB-4), 75.11%/66.01% (LSM) and 71.13%/98.33% (GP), respectively. For cirrhosis, the specificity/sensitivity were 84.04%/17.91% (APRI), 89.86...
Source: Hepatitis Monthly - February 15, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
A Patient With Primary Biliary Cirrhosis Accompanied by Wilson’s Disease
Conclusions: Co-occurrence of PBC with WD is rare, which can cause diffusely intrahepatic copper deposition. Early liver biopsy and genetic testing are necessary for the diagnosis. The combination of ursodeoxycholic acid with zinc and sodium dimercaptopropane sulfonate is effective.,Case Presentation: Here we report a case of PBC with WD in a 55-year-old Chinese male. In addition to the typical pathological characteristics of PBC and a large number of copper depositions in the liver, the patient showed WD ATP7B gene mutations.,Introduction: Both primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and Wilson’s disease (WD) can cause copper r...
Source: Hepatitis Monthly - February 15, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
How Hepatitis C Virus Leads to Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Network-Based Study
Conclusions: Our results revealed the possible crucial genes and miRNAs involved in the initiation and progression of HCC cells infected with HCV.,Results: Based on the topological analysis of miRNA-Hubgene network, we identified the key hub miRNAs. In order to identify the most important common sub-network, we aligned two PPI networks using NETAL tool. The c-Jun gene was identified as the most important hub gene in both HCV and HCC networks. Furthermore, the hsa-miR-34a, hsa-miR-155, hsa-miR-24, hsa-miR-744 and hsa-miR-92a were recognized as the most important hub miRNAs with positive correlation in the chronic HCV and HC...
Source: Hepatitis Monthly - February 11, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
The ITPA and C20orf194 Polymorphisms and Hematological Changes During Treatment With Pegylated-Interferon Plus Ribavirin in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C
Conclusions: In patients with CHC, who were treated with PEG-IFN plus RBV, Hb-decline was affected by rs1127354 and HCV genotypes. However, Plt-decline may be altered by rs1127354 and baseline HCV RNA levels.,Results: In univariate analysis, rs1127354 and HCV genotypes were found to influence the Hb-decline at week 4 of the treatment. In multivariate analysis, rs1127354 CA + AA and HCV genotype-3 were found to have a great role on prevention of Hb-decline. Furthermore, rs1127354 and HCV RNA levels were found to influence the Plt-decline at week 4 of the treatment in the univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, rs1127...
Source: Hepatitis Monthly - February 11, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
A Novel Hydrodynamic Injection Mouse Model of HBV Genotype C for the Study of HBV Biology and the Anti-Viral Activity of Lamivudine
Conclusions: In conclusion, our observations indicated that pcDNA3.1 (+)-HBV1.3C was superior to AAV/HBV plasmid for establishment of persistent HBV infection by HI, in vivo, and this mouse model could be useful for studies of hepatitis virology and for the development of innovatory treatments for HBV infections.,Results: In 60% of the mice injected with pcDNA3.1 (+)-HBV1.3C, HBsAg, HBeAg, HBcAg and HBV DNA persisted for > 20 weeks in liver, post-injection, with no HBsAb appearance. Meanwhile, no significant inflammation was observed in these mice. Compared with pAAV-HBV1.2A and pAAV-HBV1.3C, pcDNA3.1 (+)-HBV1.3C admini...
Source: Hepatitis Monthly - February 11, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Immune Responses to Single-Dose Versus Double-Dose Hepatitis B Vaccines in Healthcare Workers not Responding to the Primary Vaccine Series: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Conclusions: Both the single- and double-dose HB vaccines were adequately immunogenic, and the double-dose HB vaccine was not significantly more immunogenic than the single-dose vaccine in terms of the seroconversion rates of HCWs who had not responded to the primary vaccine series.,Results: The seroconversion rates were 93.2% and 87.2% after the first booster doses of the double-dose and single-dose HB vaccines, respectively (P = 0.64). In the double-dose HB vaccine group, the seroconversion rate was 97.8% compared with 89.6% in the single-dose group following the second vaccine dose (P = 0.83). All of the participants in...
Source: Hepatitis Monthly - February 10, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
