Editorial Board
Publication date: December 2019Source: Harmful Algae, Volume 90Author(s): (Source: Harmful Algae)
Source: Harmful Algae - December 2, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Is San Francisco Bay resistant to Pseudo-nitzschia and domoic acid?
Publication date: Available online 26 November 2019Source: Harmful AlgaeAuthor(s): Raphael M. Kudela, Kendra Hayashi, Cristian Garrido CaceresAbstractSan Francisco Bay (SFB), California, USA is the largest estuary in the western United States and is home to more than 7 million people in nine counties and 101 cities. It is highly nutrient enriched and is directly connected to the Gulf of the Farallones and coastal Pacific ocean through the Golden Gate strait. The Gulf of the Farallones is one of several “hotspots” for the neurotoxin domoic acid, produced by members of the genus Pseudo-nitzschia. Despite the close proxim...
Source: Harmful Algae - November 28, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Application of the μAqua microarray for pathogenic organisms across a marine/freshwater interface
In this study, we tested the suitability of a phylochip (microarray for species detection) developed for freshwater pathogenic organisms to be applied to samples taken across a marine/freshwater interface at monthly intervals for two years. Toxic cyanobacteria and pathogenic protozoa were more numerous in a coastal lagoon than at the freshwater or marine site, indicating that this microarray can be used to detect the presence of these pathogens across a marine/freshwater interface and thus the potential for toxicity to occur within the entire watershed. (Source: Harmful Algae)
Source: Harmful Algae - November 28, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Is Karenia brevis really a low-light-adapted species?
Publication date: Available online 25 November 2019Source: Harmful AlgaeAuthor(s): Charles L. Tilney, Sugandha Shankar, Katherine A. Hubbard, Alina A. CorcoranAbstractDespite nearly annual blooms of the neurotoxic dinoflagellate Karenia brevis (Davis) G. Hansen and Moestrup in the Gulf of Mexico, defining the suite of biological traits that explain its proliferation has remained challenging. Studies have described K. brevis as a low-light-adapted species, incapable of sustaining growth under high light, which is at odds with observed surface aggregations sometimes within centimeters of the sea surface and also with short-t...
Source: Harmful Algae - November 26, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Abundance of the benthic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum and the diversity, distribution, and diarrhetic shellfish toxin production of Prorocentrum lima complex and P. caipirignum in Japan
Publication date: Available online 25 November 2019Source: Harmful AlgaeAuthor(s): Tomohiro Nishimura, Hajime Uchida, Ryoko Noguchi, Hiroshi Oikawa, Toshiyuki Suzuki, Hiroshi Funaki, Chiho Ihara, Kyoko Hagino, Shingo Arimitsu, Yuta Tanii, Shota Abe, Kana Hashimoto, Katsuya Mimura, Kouki Tanaka, Ippei Yanagida, Masao AdachiAbstractIn the present study, the abundance of Prorocentrum and the molecular phylogeny, distribution, and DST production of P. lima complex and P. caipirignum in Japan were investigated. First, the cell densities of Prorocentrum were assessed from the temperate to subtropical zones in Japan between 2014 ...
Source: Harmful Algae - November 26, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Subtropical freshwater phytoplankton show a greater response to increased temperature than to increased pCO2
This study examined two chlorophytes (Monoraphidium and Staurastrum), and two strains of the cyanobacterium Raphidiopsis raciborskii (straight S07 and coiled C03), to determine how the combination of higher temperature and CO2 levels will affect their growth and maximum cell concentrations. Continuous cultures were used to compare the steady state cell concentrations at 28 °C and 30 °C, and CO2 partial pressures (pCO2), 400 and 750 ppm for all cultures, and in addition 1000 ppm at 28 °C for R. raciborskii strains. This study showed that, for all species, water temperature had a greater effect than higher pCO2 ...
Source: Harmful Algae - November 23, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Occurrence of epibenthic dinoflagellates in relation to biotic substrates and to environmental factors in Southern Mediterranean (Bizerte Bay and Lagoon, Tunisia): An emphasis on the harmful Ostreopsis spp., Prorocentrum lima and Coolia monotis
Publication date: Available online 21 November 2019Source: Harmful AlgaeAuthor(s): Hela Ben Gharbia, Mohamed Laabir, Abdelouahed Ben Mhamed, Sonia Khadija Maïté Gueroun, Mohamed Néjib Daly Yahia, Habiba Nouri, Charaf M’Rabet, Abdessalem Shili, Ons Kéfi-Daly YahiaAbstractHarmful events associated with epibenthic dinoflagellates, have been reported more frequently over the last decades. Occurrence of potentially toxic benthic dinoflagellates, on the leaves of two magnoliophytes (Cymodocea nodosa and Zostera noltei) and thalli of the macroalgae (Ulva rigida), was monitored over one year (From May 2015 to April 2016) in ...
Source: Harmful Algae - November 22, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Ocean acidification increases domoic acid contents during a spring to summer succession of coastal phytoplankton
Publication date: Available online 21 November 2019Source: Harmful AlgaeAuthor(s): Sylke Wohlrab, Uwe John, Kerstin Klemm, Tim Eberlein, Anna Maria Forsberg Grivogiannis, Bernd Krock, Stephan Frickenhaus, Lennart T. Bach, Björn Rost, Ulf Riebesell, Dedmer B. Van de WaalAbstractEnrichment of the oceans with CO2 may be beneficial for some marine phytoplankton, including harmful algae. Numerous laboratory experiments provided valuable insights into the effects of elevated pCO2 on the growth and physiology of harmful algal species, including the production of phycotoxins. Experiments close to natural conditions are the next s...
Source: Harmful Algae - November 22, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
First record of the dynamics of domoic acid producing Pseudo-nitzschia spp. in Indonesian waters as a function of environmental variability
This study represents the first successful investigation of the presence and variability of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. and its neurotoxin DA in Indonesian waters. (Source: Harmful Algae)
Source: Harmful Algae - November 22, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Emerging Lyngbya wollei toxins: A new high resolution mass spectrometry method to elucidate a potential environmental threat
Publication date: Available online 20 November 2019Source: Harmful AlgaeAuthor(s): Meagan L. Smith, Danielle C. Westerman, Samuel P. Putnam, Susan D. Richardson, John L. FerryAbstractMass spectrometric methods for the quantitative and qualitative analyses of algal biotoxins are often complicated by co-eluting compounds that present analytically as interferences. This issue is particularly critical for organic polyamines, where co-eluting materials can suppress the formation of cations during electrospray ionization. Here we present an extraction procedure designed specifically to overcome matrix-derived ion suppression of ...
Source: Harmful Algae - November 21, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
A review of karenia mikimotoi: Bloom events, physiology, toxicity and toxic mechanism
Publication date: Available online 20 November 2019Source: Harmful AlgaeAuthor(s): Xiaodong Li, Tian Yan, Rencheng Yu, Mingjiang ZhouAbstractKarenia mikimotoi is a worldwide bloom-forming dinoflagellate in the genus Karenia. Blooms of this alga have been observed since the 1930s and have caused mass mortalities of fish, shellfish, and other invertebrates in the coastal waters of many countries, including Japan, Norway, Ireland, and New Zealand. This species has frequently bloomed in China, causing great financial losses (more than 2 billion yuan, Fujian Province, 2012). K. mikimotoi can adapt to various light, temperature,...
Source: Harmful Algae - November 20, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Combination of ocean acidification and warming enhances the competitive advantage of Skeletonema costatum over a green tide alga, Ulva linza
In this study, we cultured the red tide alga Skeletonema costatum and the green tide alga Ulva linza under ambient (400 ppm) and future CO2 (1000 ppm) levels and three temperatures (12, 18, 24 °C) in both monoculture and coculture systems. Coculture did not affect the growth rate of U. linza but significantly decreased it for S. costatum. Elevated CO2 relieved the inhibitory effect of U. linza on the growth of S. costatum, particularly for higher temperatures. At elevated CO2, higher temperature increased the growth rate of S. costatum but reduced it for U. linza. Coculture with U. linza reduced the net photosynthetic r...
Source: Harmful Algae - November 16, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Characterization of Microcystis morphotypes: Implications for colony formation and intraspecific variation
In this study, we tested the cell adhesion effect, an important pathway for colony formation, among Microcystis colonies of different morphotypes, and examined the potential linkage between cell properties and morphological plasticity. Results showed that cell adhesion significantly contributed to the aggregation of Microcystis colonies, but such adhesion only occurred in colonies belonging to the same morphotype. This suggests that Microcystis cannot form large colonies through a direct adhesion effect among different morphotypes, possibly due to substantial differences in the chemical structures and compositions of their...
Source: Harmful Algae - November 13, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Red tide at morning, tourists take warning? County-level economic effects of HABS on tourism dependent sectors
Publication date: Available online 11 November 2019Source: Harmful AlgaeAuthor(s): Andrew BechardAbstractA tourism dependent state such as Florida relies on its environment and climate to attract visitors and generate revenue. HABs can certainly have an impact on the coastal waters of the Gulf, but does this necessarily drive away tourist related activity? To determine not only if the impact of HABs is significant, but also at what magnitude, a time series econometric model was used to study effects of persistent and severe blooms on counties in Southwestern Florida, particularly Sarasota County, hit hardest by blooms in 2...
Source: Harmful Algae - November 13, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Interaction between cyanophage MaMV-DC and eight Microcystis strains, revealed by genetic defense systems
Publication date: Available online 8 November 2019Source: Harmful AlgaeAuthor(s): Juanping Wang, Peng Bai, Qi Li, Yan Lin, Da Huo, Fei Ke, Qiya Zhang, Tao Li, Jindong ZhaoAbstractCyanophage MaMV-DC is a member of Myoviridae that was reported to specifically infect and lyse Microcystis aeruginosa FACHB-524 among 21 selected cyanobacterial strains. We reidentified the infection specificity of MaMV-DC among seven other Microcystis strains of different species. In our experiments, MaMV-DC infected three Microcystis strains but did not form plaque in Microcystis lawns. This indicated that MaMV-DC is at least a genus- rather tha...
Source: Harmful Algae - November 9, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
