Development of loop-mediated isothermal amplification combined with a chromatographic lateral-flow dipstick for rapid detection of Chattonella marina
In this study, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence was used as the target gene for molecular detection of C. marina. First, four loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) primers were designed based on the six regions of ITS, and the LAMP reaction system was established using these primers. Next, a probe was designed to detect the LAMP products by lateral-flow dipstick (LFD). Finally, a new method for rapid and sensitive detection of C. marina that is referred to as LAMP-LFD was established. The LAMP reaction system, amplification time, and amplification temperature were particularly optimized. The optimal p...
Source: Harmful Algae - September 24, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
The effect of temperature and salinity on growth rate and azaspiracid cell quotas in two strains of Azadinium poporum (Dinophyceae) from Puget Sound, Washington State
Publication date: November 2019Source: Harmful Algae, Volume 89Author(s): Xinfeng Dai, Brian D. Bill, Nicolaus G. Adams, Urban Tillmann, Catherine Sloan, Douding Lu, Vera L. TrainerAbstractAzaspiracids (AZA) are novel lipophilic polyether marine biotoxins associated with azaspiracid shellfish poisoning (AZP). Azaspiracid-59 (AZA-59) is a new AZA that was recently detected in strains of Azadinium poporum from Puget Sound, Washington State. In order to understand how environmental factors affect AZA abundances in Puget Sound, a laboratory experiment was conducted with two local strains of A. poporum to estimate the growth ra...
Source: Harmful Algae - September 24, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Multi-species okadaic acid contamination and human poisoning during a massive bloom of Dinophysis acuminata complex in southern Brazil
Publication date: November 2019Source: Harmful Algae, Volume 89Author(s): L.L. Mafra, P.K.W. Nolli, L.E. Mota, C. Domit, M. Soeth, L.F.G. Luz, B.F. Sobrinho, J.G. Leal, M. Di DomenicoAbstractOn June 2016, a major bloom of Dinophysis acuminata complex was noticed over the coast of Paraná State (PR), southern Brazil, an area unprotected by any official monitoring program. Here we report the results of an extensive sampling effort that ultimately led PR authorities to issue the first State shellfish-harvesting ban due to multi-species okadaic acid (OA) contamination. During its peak, the bloom covered an area of 201 km2 (â...
Source: Harmful Algae - September 21, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Differential strain response in alkaline phosphatase activity to available phosphorus in Microcoleus autumnalis
Publication date: November 2019Source: Harmful Algae, Volume 89Author(s): Laura T. Kelly, Ken G. Ryan, Susanna A. WoodAbstractToxic, benthic cyanobacterial proliferations have increased in frequency and severity globally and can have negative impacts on aquatic ecosystems, recreation and human health. Microcoleus autumnalis has been associated with numerous animal fatalities and is causing increasing concern. It tends to grow in systems with moderate dissolved inorganic nitrogen and very low dissolved reactive phosphorus. Acquisition of nutrients, particularly phosphorus, from organic sources may explain how M. autumnalis ...
Source: Harmful Algae - September 18, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Monitoring of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella in Osaka Bay, Japan using a massively parallel sequencing (MPS)-based technique
Publication date: November 2019Source: Harmful Algae, Volume 89Author(s): Satoshi Nagai, Hungyen Chen, Yoko Kawakami, Keigo Yamamoto, Sirje Sildever, Nanako Kanno, Hiroshi Oikawa, Motoshige Yasuike, Yoji Nakamura, Yuki Hongo, Atushi Fujiwara, Takanori Kobayashi, Takashi GojoboriAbstractSince 2002, blooms of Alexandrium catenella sensu Fraga et al. (2015) and paralytic shellfish toxicity events have occurred almost yearly in Osaka Bay, Japan. To better understand the triggers for reoccurring A. catenella blooms in Osaka Bay, phytoplankton community was monitored during the spring seasons of 2012–2015. Monitoring was perfo...
Source: Harmful Algae - September 13, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Distribution and genetic diversity of the parasitic dinoflagellate Amoebophrya in coastal waters of China
Publication date: November 2019Source: Harmful Algae, Volume 89Author(s): Tiantian Chen, Jie Xiao, Yun Liu, Shuqun Song, Caiwen LiAbstractAmoebophrya is an obligate endoparasite infecting wide ranges of marine organisms in coastal and oceanic waters. The parasitoid has received growing attention, due to its enormous genetic diversity in seawaters and suppressive effects on the growth of host dinoflagellates. Harmful algal blooms (HABs) caused by planktonic dinoflagellates have significantly impacted the coastal environment and mariculture in China. Series of studies have been conducted to reveal the occurrence mechanism an...
Source: Harmful Algae - September 7, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Environmental drivers of paralytic shellfish toxin producing Alexandrium catenella blooms in a fjord system of northern Southeast Alaska
Publication date: September 2019Source: Harmful Algae, Volume 88Author(s): Elizabeth D. Tobin, Chelsea L. Wallace, Cody Crumpton, Genevieve Johnson, Ginny L. EckertAbstractParalytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) is a persistent problem that threatens human health and the availability of shellfish resources in Alaska. Regular outbreaks of marine dinoflagellates in the genus Alexandrium produce paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) that make shellfish consumption unsafe, and impose economic hardships on Alaska’s shellfish industry. Phytoplankton and environmental monitoring spanning 2008–2016, and a pilot benthic cyst survey in ...
Source: Harmful Algae - September 1, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Trends in Dinophysis abundance and diarrhetic shellfish toxin levels in California mussels (Mytilus californianus) from Monterey Bay, California
This study describes a four-year time series (2013–2016) of Dinophysis concentration and DST level in California mussels (Mytilus californianus) from Santa Cruz Municipal Wharf (SCMW) in Monterey Bay, California. Results show a maximum Dinophysis concentration of 9404 cells/L during this study and suggest Dinophysis persists as a member of the background phytoplankton community throughout the year. In California mussels, DSTs were found at persistent low levels throughout the course of this study, and exceeded the FDA guidance level of 160 ng/g 19 out of 192 weeks sampled. Concentrations of Dinophysis alone are a posit...
Source: Harmful Algae - August 20, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Revisiting the taxonomy of the “Dinophysis acuminata complex’’ (Dinophyta)’
Publication date: September 2019Source: Harmful Algae, Volume 88Author(s): Jeong Ha Park, Miran Kim, Hae Jin Jeong, Myung Gil ParkAbstractMarine dinoflagellates of the genus Dinophysis are well known for producing diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins and/or pectenotoxins which have a significant impact on public health as well as on marine aquaculture. Out of more than 80 Dinophysis species recorded so far, D. cf. acuminata is the most commonly observed in coastal areas worldwide. Due to their highly similar morphological features, however, an accurate discrimination of the various D. cf. acuminata species such as D...
Source: Harmful Algae - August 20, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Light as a possible regulator of MIB-producing Planktothrix in source water reservoir, mechanism and in-situ verification
Publication date: September 2019Source: Harmful Algae, Volume 88Author(s): Zeyu Jia, Ming Su, Tingting Liu, Qingyuan Guo, Qi Wang, Michael Burch, Jianwei Yu, Min YangAbstractThe typical musty/earthy odor-causing compound, 2-methylisoborneol (MIB), is usually associated with the occurrence and proliferation of benthic/subsurface-living cyanobacteria in source water. Control of MIB-producing cyanobacteria in source water may greatly reduce the processing burden for drinking water treatment plants. We explored the mechanism and feasibility of restricting the growth of subsurface-living Planktothrix sp. by reducing underwater ...
Source: Harmful Algae - August 20, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Pseudo-nitzschia bloom dynamics in the Gulf of Maine: 2012–2016
Publication date: September 2019Source: Harmful Algae, Volume 88Author(s): Suzanna Clark, Katherine A. Hubbard, Donald M. Anderson, Dennis J. McGillicuddy, David K. Ralston, David W. TownsendAbstractThe toxic diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia is a growing presence in the Gulf of Maine (GOM), where regionally unprecedented levels of domoic acid (DA) in 2016 led to the first Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning closures in the region. However, factors driving GOM Pseudo-nitzschia dynamics, DA concentrations, and the 2016 event are unclear. Water samples were collected at the surface and at depth in offshore transects in summer 2012, 2014...
Source: Harmful Algae - August 19, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
The effect of pre-industrial and predicted atmospheric CO2 concentrations on the development of diazotrophic and non-diazotrophic cyanobacterium: Dolichospermum circinale and Microcystis aeruginosa
In this study, we cultured two cyanobacteria taxa (Dolichospermum circinale and Microcystis aeruginosa) within controlled atmospheric CO2 chambers at pre-industrial, and post-industrial concentrations. Biovolume and chlorophyll a (Chl-a) differed as a consequence of the adjusted CO2 gradients. Significantly higher biovolume measurements were observed in the elevated CO2 treatment for the diazotrophic species in the initial experiment. However, a follow-up experiment, with a corrected culture replenishment regime showed Chl-a measurements were greater for the diazotrophic and non-diazotrophic species in the elevated CO2 tre...
Source: Harmful Algae - August 15, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Occurrence and distribution of Amphidomataceae (Dinophyceae) in Danish coastal waters of the North Sea, the Limfjord and the Kattegat/Belt area
In conclusion, AZA-producing microalgae and their respective toxins were low in abundance but widely present in the area, and thus might be considered in local monitoring programs to preserve seafood safety in Danish coastal waters. (Source: Harmful Algae)
Source: Harmful Algae - July 28, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Importance of messenger RNA stability of toxin synthetase genes for monitoring toxic cyanobacterial bloom
Publication date: September 2019Source: Harmful Algae, Volume 88Author(s): Xi Li, Donghua Qiu, Sheng Chen, Chao Luo, Dong Hu, Jie Zeng, Hui Chen, Shuai Li, Xin YuAbstractToxic cyanobacterial blooms, occurring frequently worldwide, have posed serious threats to human health and aquatic ecosystem. RNA-based quantitative PCR, which could detect potential toxin-producing cyanobacteria that are actively transcribing toxin genes, is a more reliable method, compared to DNA-based qPCR. However, single-stranded mRNA is labile, and their degradation may lead to an underestimate of gene expression level, even misleading toxic risk ma...
Source: Harmful Algae - July 26, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
An automated 3D-printed smartphone platform integrated with optoelectrowetting (OEW) microfluidic chip for on-site monitoring of viable algae in water
In this study, we developed a three-dimensional (3D)-printed smartphone platform integrated with a light-driven microfluidic chip operated by optoelectrowetting (OEW). This OEW-driven microfluidic chip not only allows multiplexed drop-wise functions such as droplet transportation, merging, mixing, immobilization on a detection zone, for on-chip water sample preparation but also fluorescent detection and counting of target algae cells using a commercially-available smartphone. Two freshwater algae (C. reinhardtii and M. aeruginosa) and two marine water algae (Amphiprora sp and C. closterium) were employed to validate the 3D...
Source: Harmful Algae - July 25, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
