Association between prior somatic disease and 5-year relapse risk among 11,856 incident patients with schizophrenia
ConclusionSomatic diseases and health seeking patterns might have an impact on the course of schizophrenia, where severe somatic comorbidity, specifically during the year before first-time schizophrenia diagnosis, seem to negatively affect early treatment course, whereas previous somatic medication use may indicate a better compliance and help-seeking behavior. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - April 12, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Effects of stimulant drug use on the dopaminergic system: A systematic review and meta-analysis of in vivo neuroimaging studies
ConclusionThis meta-analysis provides evidence that there are ongoing changes in the dopaminergic system associated with the use of stimulants. Especially the results of cocaine, methamphetamine and amphetamine use mainly showed a downregulation. In addition, this meta-analysis is the first to include nicotine. This subset of studies showed evidence for a decreased receptor and DAT availability but no significant results were found in the metaanalyses. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - April 12, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Editorial board
Publication date: April 2019Source: European Psychiatry, Volume 57Author(s): (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - March 17, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Electroconvulsive therapy against the natural will: Some concerns
Publication date: May 2019Source: European Psychiatry, Volume 58Author(s): Laura Marianne Lenzen, Michael GrözingerAbstractIn recent years, the scientific interest in “Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) against the patient’s natural” will has grown. Several publications have reported mostly positive outcomes in cases, where ECT has been implemented against the patient’s natural will. The author’s findings primarily indicate the effectiveness of ECT in non-consenting patients, which confirms earlier findings. All author’s overall presumption turned out to be mainly positive. Within the discussion on involuntary EC...
Source: European Psychiatry - March 17, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Short clinically-based prediction model to forecast transition to psychosis in individuals at clinical high risk state
ConclusionsThe clinical prediction model developed, and internally validated, herein to predict transition from a CHR-P to psychosis may be a promising tool for use in clinical settings. It has been incorporated into an online tool available at: https://link.konsta.com.pl/psychosis. Future external replication studies are needed. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - March 14, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Differences in cognitive performance and cognitive decline across European regions: a population-based prospective cohort study
DiscussionThere are substantial differences in cognitive performance as well as rates of cognitive decline among the elderly throughout European regions. This might be explained by differing levels of cognitive reserve. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - March 14, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Not recognized enough: The effects and associations of trauma and intellectual disability in severely mentally ill outpatients
ConclusionsSignificantly more SMI outpatients who screened positive for MID/BIF reported having experienced traumatic events than those who screened negative. Rates of all trauma categories were significantly higher in the screen-positive group, who were also more likely to have PTSD. Sexual abuse occurred more in all females but the SCIL positive women are even more often victim. Clinical practice has to pay more attention to all of these issues, especially when they occur together in a single patient. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - March 4, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
The optical-coenaesthetic disproportion in feeding and eating disorders
Publication date: May 2019Source: European Psychiatry, Volume 58Author(s): Giovanni Stanghellini (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - March 4, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
A systematic review on sleep alterations anticipating the onset of bipolar disorder
ConclusionsSleep alterations frequently appear long before the onset of BD, and appear to be related specifically to the polarity of the index episode. The detection and treatment of sleep alterations in special high risk populations may help achieving an earlier detection of the illness. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - February 27, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Rehabilitative compensatory mechanism of hierarchical subnetworks in major depressive disorder: A longitudinal study across multi-sites
ConclusionAlthough pathological lesion on MDD relied on abnormal core organization, disease remission was association with the compensation from non-core organization. These results suggested that the dysfunctions arising from hierarchical subnetworks are compensated by increased information interactions between core brain regions and functionally diverse regions. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - February 27, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
High BDNF serum levels are associated to good cognitive functioning in bipolar disorder
ConclusionsOf all the peripheral neurobiological factors analysed, BDNF was the only one significantly associated with cognitive dysfunction in bipolar disorder individuals. This study emphasizes the role of BDNF not only across mood phases but also in cognitive functioning. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - February 25, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Direct medical costs of ADHD and its comorbid conditions on basis of a claims data analysis
ConclusionsMedical costs for ADHD are substantial, in part through frequently occurring comorbid conditions, and particularly in adulthood, and are likely to further accelerate in the coming years. A gap of care was found, starting with the transition age group of patients over 17 years, as indicated by reduced costs per person during young adulthood, as well as an overall strong drop in administrative prevalence. In the future, approaches to improve the situation of care and reduce costs at the same time, i.e. through managed care programmes, should be implemented and benefit from detailed knowledge on age and gender-spec...
Source: European Psychiatry - February 23, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Duration of untreated illness and response to SRI treatment in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
ConclusionsOur results, although preliminary, seem to suggest that a longer duration of untreated illness in OCD is associated with poorer outcome in terms of response to SRI treatments. It is imperative to do all the possible to shorten the DUI, both by improving access to mental health services, improving the ability of primary care physicians and mental health professionals to recognize OCD, and disseminate best-practice prescription guidelines. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - February 13, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Illness representations among parents of children and adults with serious mental disorders: A systematic review and theoretical model
ConclusionParents struggle to make meaning of their child’s illness, often holding stigmatizing ideas about the illness and blaming themselves for its existence. More longitudinal studies that include both of the child’s parents, as well as interventional studies, are needed to expand our knowledge of ways to help parents construct more beneficial representations of their children’s illnesses. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - February 13, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Child maltreatment is mediating long-term consequences of household dysfunction in a population representative sample
Conclusions: ACEs linked to household dysfunction are associated with an increased risk for all subtypes of child maltreatment. The assessed widespread consequences of household dysfunction are mediated by child maltreatment. This underlines the role of prevention of child maltreatment in families with household dysfunction and implies child protection as a priority in any interventions. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - February 11, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
