Revised manual for the Global Assessment of Functioning scale
Publication date: June 2018 Source:European Psychiatry, Volume 51 Author(s): G. Pedersen, Ø. Urnes, B. Hummelen, T. Wilberg, E.H. Kvarstein Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) is a single measure of overall psychosocial impairment caused by mental factors, constituting Axis V of the Diagnostic and Statistical manual of Mental disorders, third and fourth versions. Despite its widespread use, several challenges and shortcomings have been discussed the last three decades. The current article describes some of the more serious challenges of the GAF manual, and presents a revised version more in accordance with the n...
Source: European Psychiatry - March 4, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Altered anatomical connections of associative and limbic cortico-basal-ganglia circuits in obsessive-compulsive disorder
Conclusion These quantitative and qualitative differences of anatomical connections go beyond the current model of a reduced cortical control of automatic behaviour stored in the basal ganglia. The hyper-segregation in OCD could also impair the integration of cortical information in the thalamus and striatum and distort the subsequent behavioural selection process. This provides new working hypotheses for functional and behavioural studies on OCD. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - March 4, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
The reciprocal relationship between physical activity and depression: Does age matter?
Conclusions Age did not moderate the impact of PA on depressive disorder remission. Only in younger adults, sufficient PA independently predicts improvement of depressive symptom severity after two-year follow-up. Level of PA rarely changed over time, and none of the determinants tested predicted change in PA, independent of age. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - March 4, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
The tetrapartite synapse: a key concept in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia
Publication date: Available online 2 March 2018 Source:European Psychiatry Author(s): Gabriele Chelini, Harry Pantazopoulos, Peter Durning, Sabina Berretta Growing evidence points to synaptic pathology as a core component of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SZ). Significant reductions of dendritic spine density and altered expression of their structural and molecular components have been reported in several brain regions, suggesting a deficit of synaptic plasticity. Regulation of synaptic plasticity is a complex process, one that requires not only interactions between pre- and post-synaptic terminals, but also g...
Source: European Psychiatry - March 2, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Healthy minds 0 –100 years: Optimising the use of European brain imaging cohorts (“Lifebrain”)
Publication date: Available online 12 February 2018 Source:European Psychiatry Author(s): Kristine B. Walhovd, Anders M. Fjell, René Westerhausen, Lars Nyberg, Klaus P. Ebmeier, Ulman Lindenberger, David Bartrés-Faz, William F.C. Baaré, Hartwig R. Siebner, Richard Henson, Christian A. Drevon, Gun Peggy Strømstad Knudsen, Isabelle Budin Ljøsne, Brenda W.J.H. Penninx, Paolo Ghisletta, Ole Rogeberg, Lorraine Tyler, Lars Bertram The main objective of “Lifebrain” is to identify the determinants of brain, cognitive and mental (BCM) health at different stages of life. By integrating, harmonising and e...
Source: European Psychiatry - February 13, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Publishers Note: Healthy minds 0 –100 years: Optimising the use of European brain imaging cohorts (“Lifebrain”)
Publication date: January 2018 Source:European Psychiatry, Volume 47 Author(s): K.B. Walhovd, A.M. Fjell, R. Westerhausen, L. Nyberg, K.P. Ebmeier, U. Lindenberger, D. Bartre s-Faz, W.F.C. Baare, H.R. Siebner, R. Henson, C.A. Drevon, G.P. Knudsen, I. Budin-Ljøsne, B.W.J.H. Penninx, P. Ghisletta, O. Rogeberg, L. Tyler, L. Bertram, Lifebrain Consortium (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - February 6, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Transdiagnostic vs. disorder-focused perspective in children and adolescents with eating disorders: Findings from a large multisite exploratory study
Conclusion Our results suggest the presence of both specific and transdiagnostic mechanisms in ED subtypes, whose knowledge is of relevance for clinical practice. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - February 6, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Direct healthcare cost of schizophrenia – European overview
Conclusions Schizophrenia represents a substantial cost for the healthcare system in Europe driven by the high cost per patient. Substantial savings could potentially be achieved by increasing investment in the following areas: (1) reducing the number of hospitalizations e.g. by increasing the efficiency of outpatient care; (2) working out interventions targeted at specific symptoms; (3) improving patient persistence and adherence in antipsychotic therapy. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - February 4, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Mass violence, radicalization and terrorism: A role for psychiatric profession?
Publication date: March 2018 Source:European Psychiatry, Volume 49 Author(s): G. Dom, M. Schouler-Ocak, K. Bhui, H. Demunter, L. Kuey, A. Raballo, D. Frydecka, B. Misiak, P. Gorwood, J. Samochowiec (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - February 4, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Efficacy of non-invasive brain stimulation on the symptom dimensions of schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Conclusions The symptom dimensions in schizophrenia may respond differently to brain stimulation interventions in a way that may reflect the interaction between disease- and treatment-related mechanisms. Our findings underscore the need for further research into patient selection prior to treatment assignment and greater refinement of stimulation protocols. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - February 4, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Meta-analytical prognostic accuracy of the Comprehensive Assessment of at Risk Mental States (CAARMS): The need for refined prediction
Publication date: March 2018 Source:European Psychiatry, Volume 49 Author(s): D. Oliver, M. Kotlicka-Antczak, A. Minichino, G. Spada, P. McGuire, P. Fusar-Poli Primary indicated prevention is reliant on accurate tools to predict the onset of psychosis. The gold standard assessment for detecting individuals at clinical high risk (CHR-P) for psychosis in the UK and many other countries is the Comprehensive Assessment for At Risk Mental States (CAARMS). While the prognostic accuracy of CHR-P instruments has been assessed in general, this is the first study to specifically analyse that of the CAARMS. As such, the CAARM...
Source: European Psychiatry - February 4, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Disability and common mental disorders: Results from the World Mental Health Survey Initiative Portugal
Conclusions The results of this study add to the current knowledge in this area by assessing the disability associated with common mental disorders using a multi-dimensional instrument, which may contribute to mental health policy efforts in the development of interventions to reduce the burden of disability associated with common mental disorders. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - February 4, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Amendment of traditional assessment measures for the negative symptoms of schizophrenia
Conclusion Utilizing alternative models to the traditional PANSS and SANS formats, and accounting for illness duration, provide more precise evidence on the relationship between negative symptoms and cognition. Since these measures are still extensively utilized, we recommend adopting more rigorous approaches to avoid misleading results. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - February 4, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Emotion regulation as a moderator of the interplay between self-reported and physiological stress and paranoia
Publication date: March 2018 Source:European Psychiatry, Volume 49 Author(s): Katarina Krkovic, Stephanie Krink, Tania M. Lincoln Experience sampling method (ESM) studies have found an association between daily stress and paranoid symptoms, but it is uncertain whether these findings generalize to physiological indicators of stress. Moreover, the temporality of the association and its moderating factors require further research. Here, we investigate whether physiological and self-rated daily stress predict subsequent paranoid symptoms and analyze the role of emotion regulation as a putative moderator. We applied ESM du...
Source: European Psychiatry - February 4, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Affectively salient signal to random noise might be used to identify psychosis vulnerability in severe mental disorders
Conclusions Experimental paradigms indexing the tendency to detect affectively salient signals in noise may be used to identify liability to psychosis in people with vulnerability. Its predictable value in other diagnostic categories and general population requires further research. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - February 4, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
