Evaluation and management of lower gastrointestinal bleeding
Lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) is a common cause of presentation to the emergency department and hospital admissions. The incidence of LGIB increases with age and the most common etiologies are diverticulosis, angiodysplasia, malignancy and anorectal diseases. Foremost modality for evaluation and treatment of LGIB is colonosopy. Other diagnostic tools such as nuclear scintigraphy, computed tomography, angiography and capsule endoscopy are also frequently used in the workup of LGIB. Choice of treatment modality depends on the hemodynamic status of the patient, rate of bleeding, expertise and available resources. (So...
Source: Disease a Month - March 7, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Aun Raza Shah, Vikram Jala, Hammad Arshad, Mohammad Bilal Source Type: research

Evaluation and management of gastrointestinal bleeding
We present a comprehensive review of literature for the evaluation and management of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. (Source: Disease a Month)
Source: Disease a Month - March 7, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Ronald Samuel, Mohammad Bilal, Obada Tayyem, Praveen Guturu Source Type: research

Gastrointestinal bleeding
is a common complaint to the primary care practitioner through a variety of presentations ranging from frank bleeding to fatigue and shortness of breath. It has been estimated that the incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding is almost 200 cases per 100,000 population. This accounts for about 2% of all hospital admissions with an estimated inpatient annual cost of over one billion dollars. (Source: Disease a Month)
Source: Disease a Month - March 7, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Jerrold B. Leikin Tags: Foreword Source Type: research

Emerging infectious diseases – overview
Infectious diseases and the pathogens that cause them have posed significant public health threats for millennia, and plagued mankind since the dawn of humanity (Tables 1 and 2).1 –7 Human encroachment into previously unexplored or underdeveloped regions, has led to changes in demographic migrations – human, vector and pathogen.4–6 This alters the ecology, as well as the adaptive ability of vectors, and pathogens and may release heretofore unidentified pathogens; all th ese contribute to a wider range of threat, thus posing potentially greater numbers of illness than previously reported. (Source: Disease a Month)
Source: Disease a Month - March 7, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Robin B. McFee Source Type: research

Tick vectors and tick borne illnesses overview
Ticks (Ixodes), are arthropods,1 –7 and like other arbovectors, are also susceptible to climate,7–18 and are ubiquitous worldwide. Temperature can alter developmental cycle, egg production, population density and distribution.12,13 Climate change is noted to result in distribution changes in Europe, where, for example, the Ioxe des ricinus tick is now found in higher altitudes of the Czech Republic than previously noted. (Source: Disease a Month)
Source: Disease a Month - March 7, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Robin B. McFee Source Type: research

Evaluation and management of variceal bleeding
Acute variceal bleeding is one of the most fatal complications of cirrhosis and is responsible for about one-third of cirrhosis-related deaths. Therefore, every effort should be made to emergently resuscitate the patients, start pharmacotherapy as soon as possible and do endoscopic therapy in a timely manner. Despite the recent advances in treatment, mortality rate is still high. We provide a comprehensive review of evaluation and management of variceal bleeding. (Source: Disease a Month)
Source: Disease a Month - March 7, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Obada Tayyem, Mohammad Bilal, Ronald Samuel, Sheharyar K. Merwat Source Type: research

Evaluation and management of lower gastrointestinal bleeding
Lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) is a common cause of presentation to the emergency department and hospital admissions. The incidence of LGIB increases with age and the most common etiologies are diverticulosis, angiodysplasia, malignancy and anorectal diseases. Foremost modality for evaluation and treatment of LGIB is colonosopy. Other diagnostic tools such as nuclear scintigraphy, computed tomography, angiography and capsule endoscopy are also frequently used in the workup of LGIB. Choice of treatment modality depends on the hemodynamic status of the patient, rate of bleeding, expertise and available resources. (So...
Source: Disease a Month - March 7, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Aun Raza Shah, Vikram Jala, Hammad Arshad, Mohammad Bilal Source Type: research

Evaluation and management of gastrointestinal bleeding
We present a comprehensive review of literature for the evaluation and management of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. (Source: Disease a Month)
Source: Disease a Month - March 7, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Ronald Samuel, Mohammad Bilal, Obada Tayyem, Praveen Guturu Source Type: research

Gastrointestinal bleeding
is a common complaint to the primary care practitioner through a variety of presentations ranging from frank bleeding to fatigue and shortness of breath. It has been estimated that the incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding is almost 200 cases per 100,000 population. This accounts for about 2% of all hospital admissions with an estimated inpatient annual cost of over one billion dollars. (Source: Disease a Month)
Source: Disease a Month - March 7, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Jerrold B. Leikin Tags: Foreword Source Type: research

Tick borne illness - Anaplasmosis
Anaplasmosis is a tick borne illness first recognized in the 1990s and subsequently became a reportable disease in 1999.1 –3 It is caused by the bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum, although it has been referred to as Ehrlichia equi and Ehrlichia phagocytophilum.1–6 (Source: Disease a Month)
Source: Disease a Month - March 1, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Robin B. McFee Source Type: research

Title Page
(Source: Disease a Month)
Source: Disease a Month - March 1, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Information for Readers
(Source: Disease a Month)
Source: Disease a Month - March 1, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Table of Contents
(Source: Disease a Month)
Source: Disease a Month - March 1, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Tick borne illness - Anaplasmosis
Anaplasmosis is a tick borne illness first recognized in the 1990s and subsequently became a reportable disease in 1999.1 –3 It is caused by the bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum, although it has been referred to as Ehrlichia equi and Ehrlichia phagocytophilum.1–6 (Source: Disease a Month)
Source: Disease a Month - March 1, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Robin B. McFee Source Type: research

Selected mosquito borne illnesses – Zika
The arbovirus Zika Virus (ZIKV) (Fig. 1) is a Flavivirus, often transmitted by the bite of infected Aedes aegypti and other Aedes mosquitoes.1 –9 It can also be transmitted by blood and sexual contact. (Source: Disease a Month)
Source: Disease a Month - February 27, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Robin B. McFee, Larry Bush, Maria T. Vazquez-Pertejo Source Type: research