Corrigendum: The impact of early environmental interventions on structural plasticity of the axon initial segment in neocortex. M. Nozari, T. Suzuki, M. G. P. Rosa, K. Yamakawa, and N. Atapour
(Source: Developmental Psychobiology)
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - April 24, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Tags: CORRIGENDUM Source Type: research
Cover, Ed Board and TOC
(Source: Developmental Psychobiology)
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - April 21, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Pre ‐ejection period reactivity to reward is associated with anhedonic symptoms of depression among adolescents
This study evaluated PEP reactivity to a reward task as a predictor of depressive symptoms among adolescents, examining global depressive symptoms as well as specific anhedonic and nonanhedonic symptoms clusters. Participants included 76 adolescents, ages 11–15 years (52% female). This study found marginal support for an association between PEP reactivity to reward and concurrent anhedonia symptoms, but no association with nonanhedonic or the global scale. Findings are discussed in terms of potential associations between peripheral psychophysiological measures and dopaminergic functioning and also the utility of this mea...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - April 13, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Joshua J. Ahles, Amy H. Mezulis, Sheila E. Crowell Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
A dissociation between renewal and contextual fear conditioning in juvenile rats
Abstract
We investigated whether juvenile rats do not express renewal following extinction of conditioned fear due to their inability to form a long‐term contextual fear memory. In experiment 1, postnatal day (P) 18 and 25 rats received 3 white‐noise and footshock pairings, followed by 60 white‐noise alone presentations the next day. When tested in a different context to extinction, P25 rats displayed renewal whereas P18 rats did not. Experiments 2A and 2B surprisingly showed that P18 and P25 rats do not show differences in contextual and cued fear, regardless of the conditioning‐test intervals and the number of wh...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - April 6, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Chun Hui J. Park, Despina E. Ganella, Jee Hyun Kim Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Pubertal development and anxiety risk independently relate to startle habituation during fear conditioning in 8 –14 year‐old females
This study examined the startle reflex during a fear‐learning task in 54 8–14‐year‐old girls. We examined the relationship between mean startle, startle habituation, pubertal development, and two measures linked to risk for anxiety: behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and the error‐related negativity (ERN). Puberty, BIS, and the ERN were unrelated to mean startle; however, each measure modulated startle habituation. Greater pubertal development was associated with reduced startle habituation across the CS+ and CS−. Higher BIS related to a larger ERN, and both were associated with reduced startle habituation spec...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - April 6, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Felicia Jackson, Brady D. Nelson, Alexandria Meyer, Greg Hajcak Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
An MRI study of the corpus callosum in monkeys: Developmental trajectories and effects of neonatal hippocampal and amygdala lesions
This study provides the first characterization of early developmental trajectories of corpus callosum (CC) segments in rhesus macaques using noninvasive MRI techniques and assesses long‐term effects of neonatal amygdala or hippocampal lesions on CC morphometry. In Experiment 1, 10 monkeys (5 males) were scanned at 1 week—2 years of age; eight additional infants (4 males) were scanned once at 1–4 weeks of age. The first 8 months showed marked growth across all segments, with sustained, albeit slower, growth through 24 months. Males and females had comparable patterns of CC maturation overall, but exhibited slight diff...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - April 3, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Christa Payne, Laetitia Cirilli, Jocelyne Bachevalier Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Recognizing facial expressions of emotion in infancy: A replication and extension
Abstract
Infants may recognize facial expressions of emotion more readily when familiar faces express the emotions. Studies 1 and 2 investigated whether familiarity influences two metrics of emotion processing: Categorization and spontaneous preference. In Study 1 (n = 32), we replicated previous findings showing an asymmetrical pattern of categorization of happy and fearful faces in 6.5‐month‐old infants, and extended these findings by demonstrating that infants’ categorization did not differ when emotions were expressed by familiar (i.e., caregiver) faces. In Study 2 (n = 34), we replicated the spontaneous ...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - April 3, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Kristina Safar, Margaret C. Moulson Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Maternal rearing environment impacts autonomic nervous system activity
Abstract
While it is now well known that social deprivation during early development permanently perturbs affective responding, accumulating evidence suggests that less severe restriction of the early social environment may also have deleterious effects. In the present report, we evaluate the affective responding of rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) infants raised by their mothers in restricted social environments or by their mothers in large social groups by indexing autonomic nervous system activity. Following a 25‐hr evaluation of biobehavioral organization, electrocardiogram, and an index of respiration were recorded f...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - April 3, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Eliza Bliss ‐Moreau, Gilda Moadab, John P. Capitanio Tags: BRIEF REPORT Source Type: research
In Memoriam: Gilbert W. Meier (1927 –2016)
(Source: Developmental Psychobiology)
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - April 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Richard P. Meier Tags: OBITUARY Source Type: research
Distress vocalization delay in the neonate lamb as a neurobehavioral assessment tool
Abstract
Acoustic features of infant distress vocalizations including latency and rate of emission are used as indices of neurological deficit and integrity in human and rodent neonates. This paper investigates the relationship between temporal characteristics of distress calls, elicited by an isolation stimulus, and indicators of neurobehavioral development over 12 hr postpartum in the neonate lamb. Delayed vocalization initiation was found to be associated with poor locomotor and orientation behavior reflecting the capacity of the lamb to reunite with and follow its dam, and a lowered rate of signal emission following ...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - April 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Christine L. Morton, Geoffrey Hinch, Alison Small Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
A MRI study of the corpus callosum in monkeys: Developmental trajectories and effects of neonatal hippocampal and amygdala lesions
This study provides the first characterization of early developmental trajectories of corpus callosum (CC) segments in rhesus macaques using noninvasive MRI techniques and assesses long‐term effects of neonatal amygdala or hippocampal lesions on CC morphometry. In Experiment 1, 10 monkeys (5 males) were scanned at 1 week—2 years of age; eight additional infants (4 males) were scanned once at 1–4 weeks of age. The first 8 months showed marked growth across all segments, with sustained, albeit slower, growth through 24 months. Males and females had comparable patterns of CC maturation overall, but exhibited slight diff...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - April 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Christa Payne, Laetitia Cirilli, Jocelyne Bachevalier Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Pre ‐exposure to cocaine or morphine attenuates taste avoidance conditioning in adolescent rats: Drug specificity in the US pre‐exposure effect
Abstract
Although the attenuating effects of drug history on conditioned taste avoidance (CTA) learning have been widely investigated in adults, such effects in adolescents have not been well characterized. Recent research has suggested that the display of the drug pre‐exposure effect during adolescence may be drug dependent given that pre‐exposure to ethanol attenuates subsequent conditioning, whereas pre‐exposure to the classic emetic lithium chloride (LiCl) fails to do so. The present study began investigating the possible drug‐dependent nature of the effects of drug pre‐exposure by pre‐exposing and conditio...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - March 28, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Matthew M. Clasen, Briana J. Hempel, Anthony L. Riley Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Highly stable individual differences in the emission of separation calls during early development in the domestic cat
Abstract
Study of the development of individuality is often hampered by rapidly changing behavioral repertoires and the need for minimally intrusive tests. We individually tested 33 kittens from eight litters of the domestic cat in an arena for 3 min once a week for the first 3 postnatal weeks, recording the number of separation calls and the duration of locomotor activity. Kittens showed consistent and stable individual differences on both measures across and within trials. Stable individual differences in the emission of separation calls across trials emerged already within the first 10 s of testing, and in locomotor...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - March 20, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Robyn Hudson, Jimena Chacha, Ox ána Bánszegi, Péter Szenczi, Heiko G. Rödel Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Differences in flexor and extensor activity during locomotor ‐related leg movements in chick embryos
Abstract
Prior to hatching, chick embryos spontaneously produce repetitive limb movements (RLMs), a developmental precursor to walking. During RLMs, flexor and extensor muscles are alternately active as during stance and swing phases of gait. However, previous studies of RLMs observed that flexor muscles were rhythmically active for many cycles, whereas extensors often failed to be recruited. Thus, we asked if flexor muscles are preferentially recruited during RLMs in chick embryos 1 day before hatching and onset of walking. Using a within‐subject design, we compared EMG burst parameters for flexor and extensor muscles a...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - March 20, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Soo Yeon Sun, Nina S. Bradley Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Maternal depression during pregnancy is associated with increased birth weight in term infants
Abstract
Previous research of maternal depression during pregnancy suggests an association with low birth weight in newborns. Review of these studies reveals predominant comorbidity with premature birth. This current study examines antenatal depression and birth weight in term, medically low‐risk pregnancies. Maternal physiological and demographic measures were collected as well. In total, 227 pregnant women were recruited to participate in four experimental protocols at Columbia University Medical Center. Results indicate that depressed pregnant women who carry to term had significantly higher heart rates, lower heart r...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - March 20, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Lisa Ecklund ‐Flores, Michael M. Myers, Catherine Monk, Albany Perez, Hein J. Odendaal, William P. Fifer Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
