Prenatal programming of postnatal plasticity for externalizing behavior: Testing an integrated developmental model of genetic and temperamental sensitivity to the environment
Abstract
Although both gene‐ and temperament‐environment interactions contribute to the development of youth externalizing problems, it is unclear how these factors jointly affect environmental sensitivity over time. In a 7‐year longitudinal study of 232 children (aged 5–10) with and without ADHD, we employed moderated mediation to test a developmentally sensitive mechanistic model of genetic and temperamental sensitivity to prenatal and postnatal environmental factors. Birth weight, a global measure of the prenatal environment, moderated predictions of child negative emotionality from a composite of dopaminergic p...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - August 21, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Irene Tung, Julia E. Morgan, Amanda N. Noro ña, Steve S. Lee Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Rank acquisition in rhesus macaque yearlings following permanent maternal separation: The importance of the social and physical environment
Abstract
Rank acquisition is a developmental milestone for young primates, but the processes by which primate yearlings attain social rank in the absence of the mother remain unclear. We studied 18 maternally reared yearling rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) that differed in their social and physical rearing environments. We found that early social experience and maternal rank, but not individual traits (weight, sex, age), predicted dominance acquisition in the new peer‐only social group. Yearlings also used coalitions to reinforce the hierarchy, and social affiliation (play and grooming) was likely a product, rather than...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - August 18, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Lauren J. Wooddell, Stefano S.K. Kaburu, Ashley M. Murphy, Stephen J. Suomi, Amanda M. Dettmer Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
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(Source: Developmental Psychobiology)
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - August 17, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Association between early life adversity and inflammation during infancy
This study examined the association between psychosocial stress and salivary CRP in infants. Early adversity in the form of socioeconomic disadvantage and maternal psychosocial stress were measured when infants were 17 months old. Resting state saliva samples were collected to assess CRP (pg/ml) levels via enzyme immunoassay. Results revealed that both socioeconomic disadvantage and maternal psychosocial stress were independently associated with higher infant CRP levels. These results raise questions about timing of exposure to adversity, and about the potentially lasting effects on inflammatory processes when such exposur...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - July 10, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jason David, Jeffrey Measelle, Brendan Ostlund, Jennifer Ablow Tags: BRIEF REPORT Source Type: research
The effects of maternal respiratory sinus arrhythmia and behavioral engagement on mother ‐child physiological coregulation
We examined whether maternal baseline respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), teaching, and disengagement were associated with stronger or weaker coregulation of RSA between mothers and their 3‐year‐old children (N = 47), modeled across 18 min of observed dyadic interaction using multilevel coupled autoregressive models. Whereas greater maternal teaching was associated with stronger coregulation in mother and child RSA over time, maternal disengagement was related to weaker coregulation, specifically more divergent parent and child RSA at higher levels of maternal disengagement. Coregulation of mother‐child RSA was...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - July 5, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Amanda M. Skoranski, Erika Lunkenheimer, Rachel G. Lucas ‐Thompson Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Phenotypic outcomes in adolescence and adulthood in the scarcity ‐adversity model of low nesting resources outside the home cage
Abstract
Early life adversity is known to disrupt behavioral trajectories and many rodent models have been developed to characterize these stress‐induced outcomes. One example is the scarcity‐adversity model of low nesting resources. This model employs resource scarcity (i.e., low nesting materials) to elicit adverse caregiving conditions (including maltreatment) toward rodent neonates. Our lab utilizes a version of this model wherein caregiving exposures occur outside the home cage during the first postnatal week. The aim of this study was to determine adolescent and adult phenotypic outcomes associated with this mode...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - July 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Tiffany S. Doherty, Jennifer Blaze, Samantha M. Keller, Tania L. Roth Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Cross ‐species comparison of behavioral neurodevelopmental milestones in the common marmoset monkey and human child
Abstract
The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) is an increasingly popular non‐human primate species for developing transgenic and genomic edited models of neurological disorders. These models present an opportunity to assess from birth the impact of genetic mutations and to identify candidate predictive biomarkers of early disease onset. In order to apply findings from marmosets to humans, a cross‐species comparison of typical development is essential. Aiming to identify similarities, differences, and gaps in knowledge of neurodevelopment, we evaluated peer‐reviewed literature focused on the first 6 months of life...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - July 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Karla K. Ausderau, Caitlin Dammann, Kathy McManus, Mary Schneider, Marina E. Emborg, Nancy Schultz ‐Darken Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
If the coping fits, use it: Preadolescent recent stress exposure differentially predicts post ‐TSST salivary cortisol recovery
This study examined recent stress exposure and effortful coping effects on salivary cortisol (sC) response patterns in preadolescent boys and girls (N = 121, Mage = 10.60 years). Children were exposed to the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) and one of two randomly assigned, post‐TSST coping conditions: distraction and avoidance. Piecewise growth multilevel modeling did not link children's recent stressful life events or hair cortisol (hC) levels to sC reactivity, though each interacted with coping condition to predict sC recovery patterns. Children with elevated life stressor and hC levels demonstrated protracted ...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - July 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jason J. Bendez ú, Martha E. Wadsworth Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Episodic foresight beyond the very next event in 3 ‐ and 4‐year‐old children
Abstract
Testing episodic foresight in children generally involves presenting them with a problem in one location (e.g., Room A) and, after a spending a delay in a different location, telling them they will be returning to Room A. Before they go, children are presented with a number of items, one of which will allow them to solve the problem in Room A. At around 3 to 4 years of age children display episodic foresight, selecting the item that will allow them to solve the problem. To date, however, no study has assessed whether 3‐ and 4‐year‐old children can plan beyond the very next event, selecting the correct item w...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - July 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Hannah Boden, Lisa G. Labuschagne, Ashley E. Hinten, Damian Scarf Tags: BRIEF REPORT Source Type: research
Respiratory sinus arrhythmia in the fourth decade of life depends on birth weight and the DRD4 gene: Implications for understanding the development of emotion regulation
We report an interaction between birth weight status and DRD4 gene (F = 9.42, p = 0.003) in predicting RSA, such that DRD4 long carriers had the highest and lowest resting RSA depending on whether they were born NBW or ELBW, respectively. DRD4 short carriers were less sensitive to birth weight. Additionally, reduced RSA was correlated with a history of major depressive disorder, suggesting it was a reliable index of emotion dysregulation.
DiscussionThese results suggest that the perinatal environment influences autonomic nervous system functioning in individuals with genotypes that confer additional sensitivity. Wh...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - July 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Calan Savoy, Karen J. Mathewson, Louis A. Schmidt, Katherine M. Morrison, John. E. Krzeczkowski, Ryan J. Van Lieshout Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Prenatal maternal cortisol measures predict learning and short ‐term memory performance in 3‐ but not 5‐month‐old infants
Abstract
Little is known about relations between maternal prenatal stress and specific cognitive processes—learning and memory—in infants. A modified crib‐mobile task was employed in a longitudinal design to test relations between maternal prenatal cortisol, prenatal subjective stress and anxiety, psychosocial variables, and learning and memory in 3‐ and 5‐month‐old infants. Results revealed that maternal prenatal cortisol was affected by particular psychosocial variables (e.g., maternal age, whether or not the infant's grandmother provided childcare, financial status), but was unrelated to measures of maternal...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - July 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Laura A. Thompson, Gin Morgan, Cynthia A. Unger, LeeAnna A. Covey Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Maternal cortisol slope at 6 months predicts infant cortisol slope and EEG power at 12 months
Abstract
Physiological stress systems and the brain rapidly develop through infancy. While the roles of caregiving and environmental factors have been studied, implications of maternal physiological stress are unclear. We assessed maternal and infant diurnal cortisol when infants were 6 and 12 months. We measured 12‐month infant electroencephalography (EEG) 6–9 Hz power during a social interaction. Steeper 6‐month maternal slope predicted steeper 12‐month infant slope controlling for 6‐month infant slope and breastfeeding. Steeper 6‐month maternal slope predicted lower 6–9 Hz power. Six‐month maternal a...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - July 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ashley M. St. John, Katie Kao, Jacqueline Liederman, Philip G. Grieve, Amanda R. Tarullo Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Exposure to chronic variable social stress during adolescence alters affect ‐related behaviors and adrenocortical activity in adult male and female inbred mice
Abstract
Rodent models provide valuable insight into mechanisms that underlie vulnerability to adverse effects of early‐life challenges. Few studies have evaluated sex differences in anxiogenic or depressogenic effects of adolescent social stress in a rodent model. Furthermore, adolescent stress studies often use genetically heterogeneous outbred rodents which can lead to variable results. The current study evaluated the effects of adolescent social stress in male and female inbred (BALB/cJ) mice. Adolescent mice were exposed to repeat cycles of alternating social isolation and social novelty for 4 weeks. Adolescent soci...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - July 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Michael J. Caruso, Helen M. Kamens, Sonia A. Cavigelli Tags: BRIEF REPORT Source Type: research
A new approach to measuring patience in preschoolers
Abstract
Patience in children has usually been studied using delay of gratification paradigms. However, another important aspect of patience that has not been well documented is the ability to adjust one's behavior while waiting without an explicit reward as a motivator (e.g., sitting in the doctor's waiting room). To examine this aspect of patience, video‐recordings of sixty‐one 3‐ and 4‐year olds waiting for two separate 3‐min periods were examined and coded for children's spontaneous behaviors. We found that 4‐year olds displayed more patient (i.e., staying still) behaviors than 3‐year olds during this “...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - June 20, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Gladys Barragan ‐Jason, Cristina M. Atance Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Cultural entrainment of motor skill development: Learning to write hiragana in Japanese primary school
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine how the social norms shared in a classroom environment influence the development of movement dynamics of handwriting of children who participate in the environment. To look into this issue, the following aspects of the entire period of classroom learning of hiragana letters in Japanese 1st graders who had just entered primary school were studied: First, the structure of classroom events and the specific types of interaction and learning within such environment were described. Second, in the experiment involving 6‐year‐old children who participated in the class, writi...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - June 13, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Tetsushi Nonaka Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
