HPA axis linkage in parent –child dyads: Effects of parent sex, autism spectrum diagnosis, and dyadic relationship behavior
Abstract
Families of preschoolers participated in two dyadic home visits, once with mother (56 dyads) and once with father (59 dyads). Each member of the dyad provided three cortisol samples and participated in several interaction tasks that were behaviorally coded. Approximately half of the children had been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), whereas half were typically developing (TD).In a multilevel model, father's cortisol level at each timepoint predicted child cortisol. Father–child linkage was stronger in dyads that showed less reciprocity, in which fathers showed less sensitivity, and in which childr...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - June 13, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Darby E. Saxbe, Ofer Golan, Sharon Ostfeld ‐Etzion, Yael Hirschler‐Guttenberg, Orna Zagoory‐Sharon, Ruth Feldman Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
The manual orienting response habituation to repeated tactile stimuli in preterm neonates: Discrimination of stimulus locations and interstimulus intervals
Preterm infants frequently develop atypical sensory profiles, the tactile modality being particularly affected. However, there is a lack of recent investigation of neonatal tactile perception in a passive context, especially in preterms who are particularly exposed to this tactile stimuli. Our aims were to provide evidence of orienting responses (behavioral modifications directing subject's attention towards stimuli) and habituation to passive tactile stimuli in preterm neonates, to explore their ability to perceive spatial and temporal aspects of the stimulus, and to evaluate the effect of clinical factors on these abilit...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - June 12, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Victoria Dumont, Jan Bulla, Nicolas Bessot, Julie Gonidec, Marc Zabalia, Bernard Guillois, Nad ège Roche‐Labarbe Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
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(Source: Developmental Psychobiology)
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - June 12, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Affiliation with substance ‐using peers: Examining gene‐environment correlations among parent monitoring, polygenic risk, and children's impulsivity
We examined evocative genotype‐environment correlations underlying children's genetic predisposition for behavioral undercontrol and parental monitoring in early adolescence via children's impulsivity in middle childhood, and the influence of parental monitoring on affiliation with substance‐using peers a year and a half later (n = 359). Genetic predisposition for behavioral undercontrol was captured using a polygenic risk score, and a portion of passive rGE was controlled by including parents’ polygenic risk scores. Children's polygenic risk predicted poorer parental monitoring via greater children's impulsivity...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - May 31, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Kit K. Elam, Laurie Chassin, Kathryn Lemery ‐Chalfant, Danielle Pandika, Frances L. Wang, Kaitlin Bountress, Danielle Dick, Arpana Agrawal Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Innervation of the medial prefrontal cortex by tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive fibers during adolescence in male and female rats
Abstract
Adolescence is associated with continued maturation of the cerebral cortex, particularly the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). We have previously documented pruning in the number of neurons, dendrites, and synapses in the rat mPFC from preadolescence to adulthood, with the period of pubertal onset being particularly important. We hypothesized that dopaminergic innervation of this region, critical for executive functions, would also be influenced by pubertal onset. Here, we measured changes in the volume of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactive axons in all layers of the male and female mPFC from preadolescence t...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - May 31, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jari Willing, Laura R. Cortes, Joseph M. Brodsky, Taehyeon Kim, Janice M. Juraska Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Neonatal oxytocin and vasopressin manipulation alter social behavior during the juvenile period in Mongolian gerbils
Abstract
Oxytocin and vasopressin are important modulators of a wide variety of social behaviors, and increasing evidence is showing that these neuropeptides are important organizational effectors of later‐life behavior as well. We treated day‐old gerbil pups with oxytocin, vasopressin, an oxytocin receptor antagonist, a vasopressin V1a receptor antagonist, or saline control, and then measured received parental responsiveness during the early postnatal period and juvenile social behavior during weaning. Neonatal vasopressin treatment enhanced sociality in males, but not females, at both developmental time points. When ...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - May 31, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jack H. Taylor, Jon Cavanaugh, Jeffrey A. French Tags: BRIEF REPORT Source Type: research
The more, the better? Behavioral and neural correlates of frequent and infrequent vowel exposure
Abstract
A central assumption in the perceptual attunement literature holds that exposure to a speech sound contrast leads to improvement in native speech sound processing. However, whether the amount of exposure matters for this process has not been put to a direct test. We elucidated indicators of frequency‐dependent perceptual attunement by comparing 5–8‐month‐old Dutch infants’ discrimination of tokens containing a highly frequent [hɪt‐he:t] and a highly infrequent [hʏt‐hø:t] native vowel contrast as well as a non‐native [hɛt‐hæt] vowel contrast in a behavioral visual habituation paradigm (Experi...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - May 31, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Sho Tsuji, Paula Fikkert, Yasuyo Minagawa, Emmanuel Dupoux, Luca Filippin, Maarten Versteegh, Peter Hagoort, Alejandrina Cristia Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
The feasibility of salivary sample collection in an international pediatric cohort: The the TEDDY study
Abstract
Saliva offers a relatively noninvasive method for measuring analytes such as cortisol, holding particular promise for use in pediatric populations on a large scale if a rigorous collection protocol is feasible in diverse settings. The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young study protocol, conducted in centers in the United States, Sweden, Finland, and Germany, used salivary collection to assess cortisol level as a physiologic marker of stress. Saliva was collected using Sorbettes from subjects at 3.5, 4.5, and 5.5 years of age. Parents collected a morning sample, and staff collected pre‐ and post‐...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - May 26, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Roswith Roth, Judith Baxter, Kendra Vehik, Diane Hopkins, Michael Killian, Patricia Gesualdo, Jessica Melin, Barbara Simell, Elisabeth Strauss, Åke Lernmark, Suzanne Bennett Johnson, Tags: BRIEF REPORT Source Type: research
Scanning of own ‐ versus other‐race faces in infants from racially diverse or homogenous communities
We examined the role of community face experience on 6‐ and 8‐month‐old Caucasian infants’ scanning of own‐ and other‐race face scanning. We measured infants’ proportional fixation time and scan path amplitudes as indices of face processing. Proportional fixation time to informationally rich face regions varied as a function of age and face race for infants living in a racially homogeneous community, whereas scan path amplitudes varied as a function of age and face race for infants living in a racially diverse community. In both communities 6‐month‐old infants did not show different responding to own‐ a...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - May 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ann E. Ellis, Naiqi G. Xiao, Kang Lee, Lisa M. Oakes Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
The effect of a maternal history of childhood abuse on adrenocortical attunement in mothers and their toddlers
Abstract
We investigated circadian mother–child adrenocortical attunement in the context of a maternal history of childhood abuse (HoA). Mothers were screened after birth using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Women reporting moderate or severe abuse formed the HoA group (n = 37; HoAG) and were compared with a non‐maltreated comparison group (n = 45; CG). Three years later, cortisol awakening response (CAR) and diurnal slope (DSL) were assessed. Mother–child interaction was coded using the Emotional Availability Scales at 12 months of age. For the CAR, we found adrenocortical attunement only in the HoAG (2...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - May 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Anna Fuchs, Eva Moehler, Franz Resch, Michael Kaess Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Neonatal abstinence syndrome: Neurobehavior at 6 weeks of age in infants with or without pharmacological treatment for withdrawal
This study assessed neurobehavioral development using the NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale in 6‐week old infants with prenatal methadone exposure who did (NAS+; n = 23) or did not (NAS−; n = 16) require pharmacological treatment for NAS severity determined by Finnegan Scale. An unexposed, demographically similar group of infants matched for age served as comparison (COMP; n = 21). NAS+, but not NAS− group, had significantly lower scores on the regulation (p < .01) and quality of movement (p < .01) summary scales than the COMP group. The NAS+ and NAS− groups had higher scores on the stres...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - May 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Nicole A. Heller, Beth A. Logan, Deborah G. Morrison, Jonathan A. Paul, Mark S. Brown, Marie J. Hayes Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Physiological functioning moderates infants ’ sensory sensitivity in higher conflict families
This study explored possible precursors to negative child outcomes associated with parent conflict by examining the relation between parent conflict and infants’ (N = 36; 23–42 weeks; 44% female) behavioral sensitivity to general sensory stimuli (e.g., loud noises, physical touch). To determine whether infants’ characteristic autonomic arousal and regulation moderated this association, infant baseline skin conductance (SC) and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) were measured. Parents reported levels of parent conflict, and mothers reported infants’ behavioral sensory sensitivity. The association between parent ...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - May 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Micah A. Mammen, Alex Busuito, Ginger A. Moore, Kelsey M. Quigley, Kim Kopenhaver Doheny Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Afternoon cortisol provides a link between self ‐regulated anger and peer‐reported aggression in typically developing children in the school context
Abstract
Aggression jeopardizes positive development in children and predicts social and academic maladjustment in school. The present study determined the relationships among anger dysregulation (a marker of emotion regulation), cortisol activity (a biomarker of stress), and peer‐nominated aggression in typically developing children in their everyday classroom setting (N = 151, Mean age = 10.86, SD =.74). Salivary cortisol was collected at 09:15, 11:45, and 14:45 hr across 4 consecutive days. Children provided self‐reports of anger regulation; peers reported proactive and reactive aggressive behaviors. Hie...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - May 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Eva Oberle, Kaitlyn McLachlan, Nicole L.A. Catherine, Ursula Brain, Kimberly A. Schonert ‐Reichl, Joanne Weinberg, Tim F. Oberlander Tags: BRIEF REPORT Source Type: research
Developmental programming of happiness
Abstract
Being born at an extremely low birth weight (ELBW; <1,000 grams) is presumed to reflect a suboptimal intrauterine environment and thus presents an opportunity for examining developmental programming hypotheses. Interfacing prenatal programming and differential susceptibility hypotheses, we tested whether individuals with ELBW in different childhood rearing environments showed different attention biases to positive and negative facial emotions in adulthood. Using the oldest known, prospectively followed cohort of ELBW survivors, we found that relative to normal birth weight controls (NBW; >2,500 grams), ELBW ...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - May 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Louis A. Schmidt, Paz Fortier, Ayelet Lahat, Alva Tang, Karen J. Mathewson, Saroj Saigal, Michael H. Boyle, Ryan J. Van Lieshout Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
The mobile conjugate reinforcement paradigm in a lab setting
Abstract
The mobile conjugate reinforcement task was administered to 4‐month‐old infants in a lab rather than a home setting where it is usually administered. Learning and retention patterns were comparable to those of infants tested in their homes, suggesting flexibility in where this task can be administered. These results pave the way for this task to be used with a broader range of infants for whom home visits are not practical or convenient (e.g., infants in child care). Developmental research conducted with a more diverse population of infants would facilitate our understanding of cognitive development very early...
Source: Developmental Psychobiology - April 24, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Emily C. Merz, Laraine McDonough, Yong Lin Huang, Sophie Foss, Elizabeth Werner, Catherine Monk Tags: BRIEF REPORT Source Type: research
