ABCB1 gene polymorphism associated with clinical factors can predict drug-resistant tuberculosis
Polymorphism in ABCB1 gene encoding P-glycoprotein, a transmembrane drug efflux pump, contributes to drug resistance and have been widely studied, however, their association with rifampicin and ethambutol resistance in tuberculosis patients are still unclear. Genotype/allele/haplotype frequencies in c.1236C>T (rs1128503), c.2677G>T/A (rs2032582) and c.3435C>T (rs1045642) were obtained from 212 patients, of these, 80 patients with rifampicin and/or ethambutol resistance were selected as case group and 132 control-group through the result of their culture and drugs sensitive test. Patients aging ABCB1 polymorphism...
Source: Clinical Science - June 1, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Pontual, Y., Pacheco, V. d. S. d. S., Monteiro, S. P., Quintana, M. S. B., Costa, M. J. M., Rolla, V. C., De Castro, L. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Visceral adipose tissue activated macrophage content and inflammatory adipokine secretion is higher in pre-eclampsia than in healthy pregnancy
In conclusion, our study demonstrates dysregulation of inflammatory pathways predominantly in visceral adipose tissue in pre-eclampsia. Inflammation of visceral adipose tissue may mediate many of the adverse metabolic effects associated with pre-eclampsia. (Source: Clinical Science)
Source: Clinical Science - May 31, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Huda, S., Jordan, F., Bray, J., Love, G., Payne, R., Sattar, N., Freeman, D. J. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Smad7 protects against Acute Kidney Injury by rescuing tubular epithelial cells from the G1 cell cycle arrest
In conclusion, Smad7 plays a protective role in AKI. Blockade of TGF-β/Smad3-p21/p27-induced G1 cell cycle arrest may be a key mechanism by which Smad7 treatment inhibits AKI. Thus, Smad7 may be a novel therapeutic agent for AKI. (Source: Clinical Science)
Source: Clinical Science - May 31, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Fu, S., Tang, Y., Huang, X. R., Feng, M., Xu, A., Lan, H. Y. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
FGF21 ameliorates diabetic cardiomyopathy by activating the AMPK-paraoxonase 1 signaling axis in mice
Conclusion: These findings suggest that FGF21 ameliorates diabetic cardiomyopathy in part by activation of the AMPK-PON1 axis. (Source: Clinical Science)
Source: Clinical Science - May 30, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Wu, F., Wang, B., Zhang, S., Shi, L., Wang, Y., Xiong, R., Pan, X., Gong, F., Li, X., Lin, Z. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Exacerbation of oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced blood brain barrier disruption: potential pathogenic role of interleukin 9 in ischemic stroke
Interleukin (IL) -9 exerts a variety of functions in autoimmune diseases. However, its role in ischemic brain injury remains unknown. The present study explored the biological effects of IL-9 in ischemic stroke. We recruited 42 patients newly diagnosed with ischemic stroke and 22 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. The expression levels of IL-9 and percentages of IL-9-producing T cells, including CD3+CD4+IL-9+ and CD3+CD8+IL-9+ cells, were determined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from patients and control individuals. We also investigated the effects of IL-9 on the blood brain barrier (BBB) foll...
Source: Clinical Science - May 26, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Tan, S., Shan, Y., Wang, Y., Lin, Y., Liao, S., Deng, Z., Zhou, L., Cai, W., Zeng, Q., Zhang, L., Zhang, B., Men, X., Li, H., Hu, X., Wu, C., Peng, L., Lu, Z. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Dynamic response to initial stage blindness in visual system development
Sensitive periods and experience-dependent plasticity have become core issues in visual system development. Converging evidence indicates that visual experience is an indispensable factor in establishing mature visual system circuitry during sensitive periods and the visual system exhibits substantial plasticity when facing deprivation. The mechanisms that underlie the environmental regulation of visual system development and plasticity are of great interest but need further exploration. Here, we investigated a unique sample of human infants who experienced initial stage blindness (beginning at birth and lasting 2 to 8 mon...
Source: Clinical Science - May 24, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Long, E., Zhang, X., Liu, Z., Wu, X., Tan, X., Lin, D., Cao, Q., Chen, J., Lin, Z., Wang, D., Li, X., Li, J., Wang, J., Li, W., Lin, H., Chen, W., Liu, Y. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor {gamma} agonism attenuates endotoxaemia induced muscle protein loss and lactate accumulation in rats
We examined the potential benefits of Rosi on skeletal muscle protein maintenance and carbohydrate metabolism during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxaemia. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either standard chow (control) or standard chow containing Rosi (8.5±0.1 mg.kg-1.day-1) for two weeks before and during 24 h continuous intravenous infusion of LPS (15 μg.kg-1.h-1) or saline. Rosi blunted LPS-induced increases in muscle tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA by 70% ( P <0.05) and 64% ( P <0.01), respectively. Furthermore, Rosi suppressed the LPS-induced reduction in ...
Source: Clinical Science - May 23, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Crossland, H., Constantin-Teodosiu, D., Gardiner, S., Greenhaff, P. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Inhibition of HDAC3 prevents diabetic cardiomyopathy in OVE26 mice via epigenetic regulation of DUSP5-ERK1/2 pathway
This study indicates the potential application of HDAC3 inhibitor for the prevention of DCM. (Source: Clinical Science)
Source: Clinical Science - May 22, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Xu, Z., Tong, Q., Zhang, Z., Wang, S., Zheng, Y., Liu, Q., Qian, L., Chen, S.-y., Sun, J., Cai, L. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Endothelial Nox1 Oxidase Assembly in Human Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension; Driver of Gremlin1-Mediated Proliferation
Conclusion: Together these data support a Nox1-Gremlin1 signaling axis in pulmonary vascular endothelium that is likely to contribute to pathophysiological endothelial proliferation and the progression of PAH. The findings also support targeting of Nox1 as a viable therapeutic option to combat PAH. (Source: Clinical Science)
Source: Clinical Science - May 18, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Al Ghouleh, I., Sahoo, S., Meijles, D. N., Amaral, J. H., de Jesus, D. S., Sembrat, J., Rojas, M., Goncharov, D. A., Goncharova, E. A., Pagano, P. J. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Pulse-wave velocity is associated with cognitive impairment in hemodialysis patients
Conclusions: High prevalence of cognitive impairment in hemodialysis patients was confirmed. For the first time, an association between cognitive impairment and arterial stiffness was detected in a larger cohort of hemodialysis patients. Concerning the underlying pathogenesis of cognitive impairment, current results revealed a potential involvement of arterial stiffness, which has to be further evaluated in future studies. (Source: Clinical Science)
Source: Clinical Science - May 11, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Angermann, S., Baumann, M., Wassertheurer, S., Mayer, C. C., Steubl, D., Hauser, C., Suttmann, Y., Reichelt, A.-L., Satanovskij, R., Lorenz, G., Lukas, M., Haller, B., Heemann, U., Grimmer, T., Schmaderer, C. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Oxidative imbalance and kidney damage in spontaneously hypertensive rats: activation of extrinsic apoptotic pathway
We examined plasmatic pro-oxidant and antioxidant status showing a significant alteration in oxidative balance in SHR. As index of oxidative damage, we evaluated lipid peroxidation in kidney, liver and skeletal muscle, detecting a significant rise in lipid peroxidation levels in all SHR tissues, particularly relevant in kidney. In addition, we analyzed the expression of cytoplasmic antioxidant enzymes, SOD1 and GSTP1. In SHR liver, SOD1 expression slight increased while we have not detected any variation in other tissues. Concerning GSTP1, SHR renal tissues did not display variations in enzyme expression, while, in the oth...
Source: Clinical Science - May 11, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: La Russa, D., Brunelli, E., Pellegrino, D. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (p110{alpha}) Gene Delivery Limits Diabetes-induced Cardiac NADPH Oxidase and Cardiomyopathy in a Mouse Model with Established Diastolic Dysfunction
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase [PI3K (p110α)] is able to negatively regulate the diabetes-induced increase in NADPH oxidase in the heart. Patients affected by diabetes exhibit significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, at least in part due to a cardiomyopathy characterised by oxidative stress and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Thus, PI3K (p110α) may represent a novel approach to protect the heart from diabetes-induced cardiac oxidative stress and dysfunction. In the current study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of a delayed intervention with cardiac-targeted PI3K gene therapy, administered to...
Source: Clinical Science - May 9, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Prakoso, D., DeBlasio, M. J., Qin, C., Rosli, S., Kiriazis, H., Qian, H., Du, X.-J., Weeks, K. L., Gregorevic, P., McMullen, J. R., Ritchie, R. H. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Discrepant Effects of Heart Failure on Electrophysiological Property in Right Ventricular Outflow Tract and Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Cardiomyocytes
In conclusion, RVOT and LVOT cardiomyocytes had distinctive electrophysiological characteristics. HF differentially modulates AP morphology and ionic currents in RVOT and LVOT cardiomyocytes. (Source: Clinical Science)
Source: Clinical Science - May 9, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Lu, Y.-Y., Cheng, C.-C., Tsai, C.-F., Lin, Y. K., Lee, T.-I., Chen, Y.-C., Chen, S.-A., Chen, Y. J. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Using DTI to assess white matter microstructure in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease (SVD) in multi-centre studies
This study supports the use of DTI metrics as biomarkers of disease progression in multi-centre studies. (Source: Clinical Science)
Source: Clinical Science - May 9, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Croall, I. D., Lohner, V., Moynihan, B., Khan, U., Hassan, A., O'Brien, J. T., Morris, R. G., Tozer, D. J., Cambridge, V. C., Harkness, K., Werring, D., Blamire, A. M., Ford, G. A., Barrick, T. R., Markus, H. S. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
High phosphate induces a pro-inflammatory response by vascular smooth muscle cells. Modulation by vitamin D derivatives
In chronic kidney disease patients, high phosphate (HP) levels are associated to cardiovascular disease, the major cause of morbidity and mortality. Since serum phosphate has been independently correlated with inflammation, the present study aimed to investigate an independent direct effect of HP as a pro-inflammatory factor in VSMCs. A possible modulatory effect of vitamin D was also investigated. The study was performed in an in vitro model of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). Incubation of cells in a HP (3.3 mM) medium caused an increased expression of the pro-inflammatory mediators ICAM-1, IL-1β, IL-6, ...
Source: Clinical Science - May 3, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Martinez-Moreno, J. M., Herencia, C., Montes de Oca, A., Diaz-Tocados, J. M., Vergara, N., Gomez, M. J., Lopez-Arguello, S. D., Camargo, A., Peralbo-Santaella, E., Rodriguez-Ortiz, M. E., CANALEJO, A., Rodriguez, M., Munoz-Castaneda, J. R., Almaden, Y. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
