Sulfur dioxide suppresses inflammatory response by sulfenylating NF-{kappa}B p65 at cysteine 38 in a rat model of acute lung injury
This study was designed to investigate whether endogenous sulfur dioxide (SO2) controlled pulmonary inflammation in a rat model of oleic acid (OA)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). In this model, adenovirus expressing aspartate aminotransferase (AAT) 1 was delivered to the lungs, and the levels of SO2 and pro-inflammatory cytokines in rat lung tissues were measured. In the human alveolar epithelial cell line A549, the nuclear translocation and DNA binding activities of wild-type (wt) and C38S NF-B p65 were detected. GFP-tagged C38S p65 was purified from HEK 293 cells, and the sulfenylation of NF-B p65 was studied. OA caused...
Source: Clinical Science - September 21, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Chen, S., Huang, Y., Liu, Z., Yu, W., Zhang, H., Li, K., Yu, X., Tang, C., Zhao, B., Du, J., Jin, H. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Intake of chocolate liquor increases vascular lesions in apoE-knockout mice
Cocoa polyphenols are thought to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Thus, cocoa-containing foods may have significant health benefits. Here, we studied the impact of chocolate liquor on vascular lesion development and plaque composition in a mouse model of atherosclerosis. Apolipoprotein E (apoE)-knockout mice were assigned to two groups and fed a Western diet that contained 250 g/kg of either chocolate liquor or a polyphenol-free isoenergetic control paste for 16 weeks. In addition to fat, protein and fibers, the chocolate liquor contained 2 g/kg of polyphenols. Compared to the control group, mice fed the chocola...
Source: Clinical Science - September 21, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yazdekhasti, N., Brandsch, C., Hirche, F., Kuhn, J., Schloesser, A., Esatbeygolu, T., Huebbe, P., Wolffram, S., Rimbach, G., Stangl, G. I. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Impact of liver fat on the differential partitioning of hepatic triacylglycerol into VLDL subclasses on high and low sugar diets
This study provides new evidence that liver fat accumulation leads to a differential partitioning of hepatic TAG into large and small VLDL subclasses, in response to high and low intakes of sugars. (Source: Clinical Science)
Source: Clinical Science - September 18, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Umpleby, A. M., Shojaee-Moradie, F., Fielding, B., Li, X., Marino, A., Alsini, N., Isherwood, C., Jackson, N., Ahmad, A., Stolinski, M., Lovegrove, J. A., Johnsen, S., Mendis, J., Wright, J., Wilinska, M. E., Hovorka, R., Bell, J., Thomas, L. E., Frost, G Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Pharmacological inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) protects against atherosclerotic plaque formation in the LDLR-/- mouse model of atherosclerosis.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most prevalent cause of mortality among patients with Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes, due to accelerated atherosclerosis. Recent evidence suggests a strong link between atherosclerosis and insulin resistance, due to impaired insulin receptor (IR) signalling. Here we demonstrate that inhibiting the activity of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), the major negative regulator of the IR prevents and reverses atherosclerotic plaque formation in LDLR-/- mouse model of atherosclerosis. Acute (single dose) or chronic PTP1B inhibitor (trodusquemine) treatment of LDLR-/- mice decreased weight gain...
Source: Clinical Science - September 12, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Thompson, D., Morrice, N., Grant, L., Le Sommer, S., Lees, E. K., Mody, N., Wilson, H. M., Delibegovic, M. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Genetic diagnosis of polycystic kidney disease, Alport syndrome and thalassemia minor in a large Chinese family
Conclusion : A novel pathogenic PKD1 mutation (c.3903delC) and a (--SEA) thalassemia deletion were found to be responsible for the clinical symptoms in this family. The reported pathogenic COL4a5 variant (c.2858G>T, rs78972735) wasn't pathogenic alone. (Source: Clinical Science)
Source: Clinical Science - September 1, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Miao, Y., Xiong, J., Zhang, X., Huang, H., Yu, L., Chen, J., Deng, W., Xu, H., Liu, R., Xiang, C., Xu, X., Xiong, F. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Overexpression of TrpC5 promotes tumor metastasis via the HIF-1{alpha}/Twist signaling pathway in colon cancer
In cancer cells, the intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) homeostasis is altered, and this is involved in tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Here, we report that transient receptor potential channel 5 (TrpC5), a receptor-activated non-selective Ca2+ channel, is correlated with tumor metastasis in colon cancer patients. Moreover, in colon cancer cells, overexpression TrpC5 caused a robust [Ca2+]i rise, decreased E-cadherin, and increased mesenchymal biomarker expression, then promoted cell migration, invasion, and proliferation. Interestingly, we found that TrpC5...
Source: Clinical Science - September 1, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Chen, Z., Zhu, Y., Dong, Y., Zhang, P., Han, X., Jin, J., Ma, X. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Genetic diagnosis of polycystic kidney disease, Alport syndrome and thalassemia minor in a large Chinese family
Conclusion : A novel pathogenic PKD1 mutation (c.3903delC) and a (--SEA) thalassemia deletion were found to be responsible for the clinical symptoms in this family. The reported pathogenic COL4a5 variant (c.2858G>T, rs78972735) wasn't pathogenic alone. (Source: Clinical Science)
Source: Clinical Science - August 21, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Miao, Y., Xiong, J., Zhang, X., Huang, H., Yu, L., Chen, J., Deng, W., Xu, H., Liu, R., Xu, X., Xiang, C., Xiong, F. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Circulating miR-200c is up-regulated in paediatric patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia and correlates with miR-33a/b levels: implication of a ZEB1-dependent mechanism
In conclusion, circulating miR-200c are up-regulated in FH, probably due to oxidative stress and inflammation and via a miR-33a/b-ZEB1-dependent mechanism. This study could be the first evidence to point to the use of miR-33a/b and miR-200c, as early biomarkers of CVD in paediatric FH. (Source: Clinical Science)
Source: Clinical Science - August 15, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: D'Agostino, M., Martino, F., Sileno, S., Barilla, F., Beji, S., Marchetti, L., Gangi, F. M., Persico, L., Picozza, M., Montali, A., Martino, E., Zanoni, C., Avitabile, D., Parrotto, S., Capogrossi, M. C., Magenta, A. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Trimetazidine protects retinal ganglion cells from acute glaucoma via the Nrf2/Ho-1 pathway
Acute glaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible vision impairment characterized by the rapid elevation of intraocular pressure and consequent retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death. Oxidative stress and neuro-inflammation have been considered critical for the pathogenesis of RGC death in acute glaucoma. Trimetazidine (TMZ), an anti-ischemic drug, possesses anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, contributing to its therapeutic potential in tissue damage. However, the role of TMZ in acute glaucoma and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we report that treatment with TMZ significantly at...
Source: Clinical Science - August 15, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Wan, P., Su, W., Zhang, Y., Li, Z., Deng, C., Zhuo, Y. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Cardiovascular susceptibility to in vivo ischemic myocardial injury in male and female rat offspring exposed to prenatal hypoxia
In conclusion, male offspring exposed to prenatal hypoxia had an increased susceptibility to ischemic myocardial injury involving cardiac phenotypes similar to heart failure involving diastolic dysfunction in adult life compared to both offspring from healthy pregnancies and their female counterparts. (Source: Clinical Science)
Source: Clinical Science - August 6, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Shah, A., Matsumura, N., Quon, A., Morton, J. S., Dyck, J., Davidge, S. T. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Aspirin-triggered resolvin D1 reduces pneumococcal lung infection and inflammation in a viral and bacterial co-infection pneumonia model
Formyl peptide receptor 2 (Fpr2/ALX) coordinates the transition from inflammation to resolution during acute infection by binding to distinct ligands including serum amyloid A (SAA) and Resolvin D1 (RvD1). Here, we evaluated the pro-resolving actions of aspirin triggered-RvD1 (AT-RvD1) in an acute co-infection pneumonia model. Co-infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae and influenza A virus (IAV) markedly increased pneumococcal lung load and neutrophilic inflammation during the resolution phase. Fpr2/ALX transcript levels were increased in the lungs of co-infected mice, and immunohistochemistry identified prominent Fpr2/...
Source: Clinical Science - August 4, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Wang, H., Anthony, D., Yatmaz, S., Wijburg, O., Satzke, C., Levy, B., Vlahos, R., Bozinovski, S. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Embryonic stem cell-derived germ cells induce spermatogenesis following transplantation to testis of adult mouse azoospermia model
This study aimed to (a) identify the exogenous factors that allow in vitro differentiation of mouse SSCs from embryonic stem cells (ESCs); (b) evaluate the effects of Sertoli cells on SSCs enrichment; and (c) to assess the success of transplantation using in vitro differentiated SSCs in mouse busulfan-treated azoospermia model. One-day-old embryoid body (EB) received 5 ng/ml BMP4 for 4 days, 3 µM retinoic acid (RA) in STO co-culture (Co-C) system for 7 days and subsequently co-cultured for 2 days with Sertoli cell in the presence or absence of LIF, bFGF and RA composition and in the presence of these factors in the s...
Source: Clinical Science - August 2, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Makoolati, Z., Movahedin, M., Forouzandeh-Moghadam, M., Naghdi, M., Koruji, M. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Cardiovascular susceptibility to in vivo ischemic myocardial injury in male and female rat offprint exposed to prenatal hypoxia
In conclusion, male offspring exposed to prenatal hypoxia had an increased susceptibility to ischemic myocardial injury involving cardiac phenotypes similar to heart failure involving diastolic dysfunction in adult life compared to both offspring from healthy pregnancies and their female counterparts. (Source: Clinical Science)
Source: Clinical Science - July 28, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Shah, A., Matsumura, N., Quon, A., Morton, J. S., Dyck, J., Davidge, S. T. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
LILRB4 deficiency aggravates the development of atherosclerosis and plaque instability by increasing the macrophage inflammatory response via NF-{kappa}B signaling
In conclusion, the present study indicates that LILRB4 deficiency promotes atherogenesis, at least partly, through reduced Shp1 phosphorylation, which subsequently enhances the NF-B-mediated inflammatory response. Thus, targeting the "LILRB4-Shp1" axis may be a novel therapeutic approach for atherosclerosis. (Source: Clinical Science)
Source: Clinical Science - July 25, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Jiang, Z., Qin, J.-J., Zhang, Y., Cheng, W.-L., Ji, Y.-X., Gong, F.-H., Zhu, X.-Y., Zhang, Y., She, Z.-G., Huang, Z., Li, H. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
CX3CR1 modulates the anti-inflammatory activity of hepatic dendritic cells in response to acute liver injury
In this study, we investigated the role of CX3CR1 on mouse HDCs during homeostasis and following acute liver injury. At homeostasis, CX3CR1-expression was detected among CD11b+/CD103- type 2 myeloid HDCs (mHDCs) and these cells were characterized by the production of IL-10. Mice treatment with the hepatotoxic agent CCl4 up-regulated liver IL-10 expression and stimulated the expansion of CX3CR1+ mHDCs which also showed a more mature phenotype. The absence of CX3CR1 in naïve CX3CR1gfp/gfp mice specifically reduced the CD11b+/IL-10+ mHDCs as compared to CX3CR1-proficient animals (CX3CR1+/gfp). Following...
Source: Clinical Science - July 24, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Sutti, S., Heymann, F., Bruzzi, S., Peusquens, J., Trautwein, C., Albano, E., Tacke, F. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
